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Questions and Answers
What are the main sources of food?
What are the main sources of food?
What nutritional elements do we get from food?
What nutritional elements do we get from food?
Carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, and minerals.
The population of India is increasing steadily.
The population of India is increasing steadily.
True
What was the goal of the Green Revolution?
What was the goal of the Green Revolution?
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What was the goal of the White Revolution?
What was the goal of the White Revolution?
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Which of the following crops provide carbohydrates?
Which of the following crops provide carbohydrates?
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Which of the following crops provide protein?
Which of the following crops provide protein?
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Which of the following crops provide fat?
Which of the following crops provide fat?
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Which of the following crops provide Vitamins and minerals?
Which of the following crops provide Vitamins and minerals?
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Which of the following is not a Kharif season crop?
Which of the following is not a Kharif season crop?
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Rabi crops are grown during winter season.
Rabi crops are grown during winter season.
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What are the main elements required by plants for growth?
What are the main elements required by plants for growth?
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What is hybridization?
What is hybridization?
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What are the three main categories of methods used to increase crop production?
What are the three main categories of methods used to increase crop production?
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Manure is a good source of organic matter for the soil.
Manure is a good source of organic matter for the soil.
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Which of the following is not a type of manure?
Which of the following is not a type of manure?
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What are the main methods of irrigation?
What are the main methods of irrigation?
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What is Crop Rotation?
What is Crop Rotation?
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Intercropping refers to growing two or more crops simultaneously in the same field.
Intercropping refers to growing two or more crops simultaneously in the same field.
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What are some examples of pests that can affect crops?
What are some examples of pests that can affect crops?
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What are some methods of pest control?
What are some methods of pest control?
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Storage of harvested grains is important to ensure food security.
Storage of harvested grains is important to ensure food security.
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What is the term for the practice of raising livestock?
What is the term for the practice of raising livestock?
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What type of animal husbandry is concerned with raising cattle?
What type of animal husbandry is concerned with raising cattle?
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Organic farming uses chemical fertilizers and pesticides.
Organic farming uses chemical fertilizers and pesticides.
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Which of the following are the main methods of fish production?
Which of the following are the main methods of fish production?
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Beekeeping is a practice where bee colonies are raised for honey and beeswax.
Beekeeping is a practice where bee colonies are raised for honey and beeswax.
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What is the term for the area where honeybees gather nectar and pollen?
What is the term for the area where honeybees gather nectar and pollen?
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What is the main benefit of organic farming?
What is the main benefit of organic farming?
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Study Notes
Food and Nutrition
- Food is necessary for all living beings for growth and health
- Food provides nutrients like carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, and minerals
- Plants and animals are primary food sources
- India's population is growing rapidly, requiring increased food production
- Food production increased fourfold in India between 1904 and 1969
- Improvement strategies are needed for increased yields
Crop Improvement
- Crop variety improvement
- Crop management
- Crop protection management
- Increasing the amount of arable land
Types of Crops
- Cereals (wheat, rice, maize, millets): Provide carbohydrates
- Seeds (not all edible): Provide fats
- Pulses (chickpeas, peas, lentils): Provide protein
- Vegetables, spices, fruits: Provide vitamins & minerals
Crop Seasons
- Kharif crops are grown during the monsoon season (June-October)
- Examples: Black gram, green gram, rice, soybeans, paddy
- Rabi crops are grown during the winter season (November-April)
- Examples: Wheat, chickpeas, peas, mustard, flax
Crop Production Improvement
-
Crop variety improvement
- Higher yield
- Improved quality (e.g., protein in pulses, oil in oilseeds)
- Resistance to biotic (diseases, pests) and abiotic (drought, salinity) stresses
- Wide adaptability
- Desired agronomic traits (e.g., long branches in fodder crops)
-
Crop production management
- Nutrient management
- Irrigation
- Cropping pattern
Nutrient Management
- Nutrients: Plants need various elements, obtained from air, water, and soil
- Macronutrients: Nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, sulfur (needed in large amounts)
- Micronutrients: Iron, manganese, boron, zinc, copper, molybdenum, chlorine (needed in small amounts)
- Manure: Organic material (animal waste, plant residues) improves soil quality
- Fertilizers: Chemicals that add nutrients to soil
Crop Protection Management
- Protecting crops from pests (insects, rodents), diseases (fungal, bacterial), and weeds (other plants)
- Pest Control (During Growth): Various strategies to control pests
- Storage of Grains: Protecting stored grains from damage and pests.
Organic Farming
- Organic farming avoids chemical fertilizers and pesticides, reducing environmental impact
- It uses natural methods and promotes soil health
Animal Husbandry
- Cattle Farming: Includes cows, buffaloes for milk
- Poultry Farming: For eggs and meat.
Fish Production
- Culture Fishing: Producing fish in controlled environments
- Marine Fishing: Harvesting fish from the sea
- Inland Fishing: Fish farming in freshwater sources
Beekeeping
- Beekeeping involves managing bee colonies to collect honey and beeswax
- Different bee types differ in honey quality and characteristics.
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Description
This quiz covers essential concepts of food and nutrition, including the types of crops, their nutritional contributions, and the importance of crop improvement techniques. Understand the relationship between food production and a growing population, especially in the context of India. Test your knowledge on various crop seasons and their significance!
