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Questions and Answers

What ability do novice nurses primarily lack when facing patient situations?

  • Experience with similar symptoms (correct)
  • Ability to perform advanced assessments
  • Knowledge of clinical procedures
  • Understanding of patient history
  • Which statement best describes the nursing stage of Competent nurses?

  • They can react quickly without advanced planning.
  • They recognize patterns in clinical situations. (correct)
  • They have mastered every aspect of patient care.
  • They are capable of seeing only parts of situations.
  • What is a key characteristic of Proficient nurses?

  • They have not developed a level of mastery.
  • They see situations as wholes rather than parts. (correct)
  • They struggle to modify plans based on events.
  • They rely solely on rules and procedures.
  • In which stage of nursing expertise are nurses considered to have some knowledge but insufficient experience?

    <p>Advanced Beginner</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the allowance for existential-phenomenological spiritual forces entail in nursing?

    <p>Attending to the spiritual and existential dimensions of care</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key characteristic of nurses at the expert stage of skill acquisition?

    <p>They possess an intuitive grasp of situations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following concepts is NOT part of Rogers' nursing theory?

    <p>Homeostatic balance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Experiential learning is significant for nurses because it helps in attaining what?

    <p>Mastery of specific skills.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Martha Rogers' theory primarily emphasizes the relationship between which two elements?

    <p>Human beings and their environment.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of nursing according to Rogers' theory?

    <p>Understanding human development and its direction.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Transpersonal Concept

    • The transpersonal concept is an intersubjective human-to-human relationship.
    • Both the nurse and the patient are fully present in the moment.
    • They share a phenomenal experience, becoming part of each other's life story.

    Subconcepts

    • Phenomenal field: The totality of human experience in one's world.
    • This is unique to each individual.
    • Self: Organized perceptions of the "I" and "Me", relationships with others, and life aspects.
    • Time: The present is more subjectively real, the past is objectively real but distinguishable.

    10 Carative Factors

    • 10 factors are critical for caring human experiences.
    • Watson devised these, and translated them into clinical caritas processes.
    • These factors form a philosophical foundation for the science of caring.

    Carative Factors and Caritas Processes

    • 1. The formation of humanistic-altruistic system of values: Practice loving-kindness and equanimity while caring.
    • 2. The instillation of faith-hope: Being present and enabling deep belief.
    • 3. Cultivation of sensitivity to self and others: Cultivating spiritual practices beyond self.
    • 4. Development of a helping-trust relationship: Developing helping-trusting, authentic caring relationships.
    • 5. Promotion and acceptance of positive and negative feelings: Being present to and supportive of all feelings.
    • 6. Systematic use of scientific problem-solving method: Using creative problem-solving methods for decision making.

    Patricia Benner: Nursing Expertise Model

    • Experience-based skill acquisition is faster and safer when built on sound education.
    • Levels of skill acquisition (novice, advanced beginner, competent, proficient, and expert).

    Levels of Skill Acquisition

    • Novice: Nursing student with limited clinical experience and inflexible behaviors.
    • Advanced Beginner: New grads with experience who recognize recurrent situations, but lack in-depth experience.
    • Competent: Experienced nurses with strong organizational skills, though lack speed and flexibility of proficient nurses.
    • Proficient: Nurses who view situations holistically, learn from experience, and adapt quickly.
    • Expert: Nurses who recognize all needs and resources quickly and intuitively apply knowledge and skills.

    Martha Rogers: Science of Unitary Human Beings

    • Nursing is a science and an art, viewing the unitary human being (human/environment) as one.
    • Energy field: Fundamental unit of both living and nonliving things.
    • Openness: Human/environment is an open system with energy flowing between them.
    • Pattern: The distinguishing characteristics of an energy field, seen as a single wave.
    • Homeodynamics: Related to maintaining a relatively steady internal state in a dynamic way.
    • Resonance: Description of how two separate patterns/energy fields interact.
    • Helicy: Continuous and evolving change in the human/environment field.
    • Integrality: Human and environment are inseparable.
    • Synchrony: Change is determined by the simultaneous interaction of human and environmental fields.

    Ida Jean Orlando: Deliberative Nursing Process

    • Focuses on the reciprocal relationship between patient and nurse.
    • Nursing addresses situations where patients need immediate help and are unable to cope.
    • Presenting behavior: Patient's problematic situation which is a cry for help.
    • Nurse reaction: Internal response triggered by the presented behavior.
    • Nurse's action: May be automatic or deliberative (actions taken due to need).

    Stages of Deliberative Nursing Process

    • Assessment: Gathering data about patient needs.
    • Diagnosis: Analyzing health problems/needs.
    • Planning: Setting goals, outlining interventions.
    • Implementation: Carrying out planned interventions.
    • Evaluation: Assessing progress towards goals.

    Nola Pender: Health Promotion Model

    • Focus on health-promoting behaviors.
    • 10 Determinants of health-promoting behaviors (prior experiences, perceived benefits/barriers, self-efficacy, factors).
    • Actions are motivated by wanting to increase well-being and promote health potential.

    Myra Levine: Conservation Principles of Nursing

    • Focus on conserving energy, structural integrity, personal integrity, and social integrity for patients.
    • Four principles are helpful in applying nursing principles in various settings (geriatric, etc).

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