Fluoride Delivery Methods medium
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Questions and Answers

What occurs during the post-eruptive stage of a tooth's lifecycle?

  • Demineralization increases significantly
  • Addition of calcium and phosphate from saliva (correct)
  • Loss of calcium and phosphate from hydroxyapatite (correct)
  • Increase in PH due to bacterial acid

What is the main benefit of fluoride to tooth health during the pre-eruptive stage?

  • It increases the rate of tooth eruption
  • It neutralizes bacterial acid
  • It makes the tooth surface more resistant to demineralization (correct)
  • It helps in the demineralization process

Which process occurs during the remineralization of teeth?

  • PH decreases rapidly
  • Matrix secretion halts
  • Calcium is lost at an accelerated rate
  • Fluoride and minerals are absorbed into the tooth (correct)

In what stage does fluoride uptake primarily occur?

<p>In both pre-eruptive and post-eruptive stages (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of the drop in pH due to bacterial acid on teeth?

<p>Demineralization of the tooth surface (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does fluoride contribute to the formation of fluoroapatite?

<p>Through the addition of calcium and phosphate (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What initiates the process of remineralization in teeth?

<p>Deposition of fluoride, calcium, and phosphate from saliva (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role does saliva play in tooth health post-eruption?

<p>It provides necessary minerals for remineralization (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the common fluoride concentration in most fluoride toothpastes available over the counter?

<p>1450ppm (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a systemic source of fluoride?

<p>Fluoride Tablets (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key benefit of topical fluoride applications?

<p>They strengthen existing teeth. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a prescription-strength toothpaste?

<p>5000ppm Sodium Fluoride Toothpaste (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is considered a professionally applied fluoride source?

<p>Silver Diamine Varnish (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to fluoride concentrations lower than 1000ppm in toothpaste?

<p>They prove ineffective at controlling caries. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a disadvantage of systemic fluoride sources?

<p>They incorporate into forming tooth structures. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of fluoride helps in the prevention of decay by directly strengthening teeth already in the mouth?

<p>Topical Fluoride (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the fluoride concentration in prescription strength sodium fluoride toothpaste termed Duraphat?

<p>2800ppm (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which is NOT a source of fluoride without a prescription?

<p>Fluoride Drops (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended amount of fluoride toothpaste for children aged 3 to 6 years?

<p>No more than a pea size (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

For adults with active coronal or root caries, what is the recommended fluoride level?

<p>2800 ppm (B), 5000 ppm (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why should patients avoid rinsing after using fluoride toothpaste?

<p>To retain the fluoride in saliva (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What fluoride level is recommended for children aged 0 to 3 years?

<p>No less than 1000 ppm (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the pros of using fluoride toothpaste?

<p>Readily available and inexpensive (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When treating 7 years to young adults showing signs of concern, what fluoride level is recommended?

<p>1350 to 1500 ppm (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main reason for the recommendation to 'spit, don’t rinse' after using fluoride toothpaste?

<p>To ensure fluoride stays in the mouth (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a concern for young children using fluoride toothpaste?

<p>Risk of ingestion (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

For individuals aged 16 and above with active disease, what is the maximum fluoride level recommended?

<p>2800 ppm or 5000 ppm (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential risk when using fluoride toothpaste?

<p>Fluoride toothpaste can cause toxic effects (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one potential issue with fluoride supplementation during pregnancy?

<p>There is no evidence it prevents dental caries in offspring. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary benefit of fluoridated salt?

<p>It bypasses issues for those not drinking tap water. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason for prescribing fluoride supplements?

<p>To reduce the risk of dental decay in high-risk patients (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which age group is recommended to receive a fluoride dosage of 0.25mg?

<p>6 months-2 years (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a major risk of using fluoridated milk for children?

<p>It may be complicated if more than one child is involved. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be considered when prescribing fluoride supplements?

<p>Fluoride availability in drinking water (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common misconception about fluoride administration methods?

<p>Fluoride tablets are always considered the most effective. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What condition may arise from excessive fluoride consumption?

<p>Fluorosis or toxicity. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why should fluoride supplements be taken at a different time than brushing teeth?

<p>To ensure proper absorption (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a drawback of using fluoridated milk compared to other fluoride sources?

<p>It doesn't allow for easy discontinuation or adjustment. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which condition may increase the patient's risk of fluorosis when using fluoride supplements?

<p>Increased fluoride availability (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does compulsory fluoridated salt affect consumer choice?

<p>It eliminates the freedom of choice. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the first-line recommendation for managing oral health in children?

<p>Diet advice and oral hygiene instruction (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which age group does not receive any fluoride supplement if the drinking water concentration is greater than 0.7ppm?

<p>6-17 years (A), Adults (B), 6 months-2 years (C), 3-5 years (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct administration method for fluoride tablets?

<p>Suck or dissolve in the mouth (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a precaution to take before prescribing fluoride supplements?

<p>Ensure there is no intake from other sources of fluoride (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommendation for fluoride use in medically compromised children?

<p>Can be considered but not first line (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Post-Eruptive Stage

The stage after a tooth erupts, when remineralization occurs.

Demineralisation

Loss of minerals from the tooth surface.

Remineralisation

The process of adding minerals back to the tooth surface.

Fluoride

A mineral that strengthens teeth and resists decay.

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Hydroxiapatite

The main mineral component of tooth enamel.

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Bacterial acid

Acid produced by bacteria in the mouth that causes demineralization.

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Tooth surface

Outer layer of a tooth that protects the interior.

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Calcium and phosphate

Essential minerals that contribute to tooth strength and structure.

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Systemic Fluoride

Fluoride ingested and incorporated into developing teeth.

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Topical Fluoride

Fluoride applied directly to teeth surfaces, strengthening them.

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Fluoride Toothpaste (Strength)

Toothpastes contain varying amounts of fluoride, from low strengths (ineffective) to prescription-strength (higher strengths).

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Fluoride Toothpaste (Low Strength)

Toothpaste with less than 1000ppm fluoride is considered ineffective in fighting tooth decay.

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Fluoride Toothpaste (High Strength)

Prescription-strength fluoride toothpaste provides higher fluoride levels (2800ppm or 5000ppm) for enhanced protection.

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Professional Fluoride Applications

Fluoride treatments applied by dentists or hygienists, for example, fluoride varnish.

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Fluoridated Water

Public water supply with added fluoride.

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Fluoridated Salt

Table salt with added fluoride.

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Fluoride Tablets/Drops

Prescription-strength fluoride for systemic intake.

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1450ppm Fluoride Toothpaste

Common fluoride toothpaste strength considered effective in minimizing tooth decay.

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Pre-Natal Fluoride

Giving fluoride supplements to pregnant women to prevent cavities in their child.

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Fluoridated Salt - Pros

Widely used, offers choice, easy to stop using.

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Fluoridated Salt - Cons

No consistent dose, can't target specific groups, risk of fluorosis, discourages healthy salt intake.

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Fluoridated Milk - Pros

Targets specific groups, easily stopped, palatable for children, gives choice.

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Fluoridated Milk - Cons

Expensive, given too late for older children, inaccurate dose, complicated for families with multiple children.

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Fluoride Dosage for Children 0-3 years

Children aged 0-3 years should use toothpaste with at least 1000 ppm fluoride, applying only a smear amount.

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Fluoride Dosage for Children 3-6 years

Children aged 3-6 years should use toothpaste with over 1000 ppm fluoride, applying a pea-sized amount.

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Fluoride Dosage for Children with High Caries Risk

Children aged 0-6 years with a high risk of cavities should use toothpaste with 1350-1500 ppm fluoride, applying a smear or pea-sized amount.

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Fluoride Dosage for Adults

Adults should use toothpaste with at least 1350 ppm fluoride.

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Fluoride Dosage for Adults with High Caries Risk

Adults with a high risk of cavities should use toothpaste with 2800 or 5000 ppm fluoride.

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What is 'Spit Don't Rinse'?

After brushing, spit out the toothpaste but don't rinse your mouth with water or mouthwash.

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Why 'Spit Don't Rinse'?

Rinsing washes away the fluoride reservoir in saliva, reducing its effectiveness in strengthening teeth.

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Fluoride in Toothpaste

Toothpaste can deliver different levels of fluoride depending on the brand and formulation.

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Fluoride Benefits

Fluoride helps strengthen teeth and resist decay, making them more resistant to acid attacks.

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Fluoride Risks

Ingesting too much fluoride can be harmful, especially for young children.

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Fluoride Tablets

Prescription-only supplements containing varying concentrations of fluoride, available as tablets, lozenges, or drops. They are used to increase fluoride intake in individuals with low fluoride exposure, particularly children at high risk of tooth decay.

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Fluoride Dosage

The amount of fluoride in supplements depends on the fluoride content of the individual's drinking water. Higher fluoride levels in water require lower supplemental doses.

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Fluorosis Risk

Excessive fluoride intake, especially in childhood, can lead to fluorosis, a condition that causes discoloration and pitting of tooth enamel.

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Fluoride Supplements for Children

Fluoride supplements might be considered for children at high risk for tooth decay, including those with medical conditions, but they are not the primary recommendation.

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Fluoride Supplements vs. Other Sources

It's important to ensure that children receive appropriate levels of fluoride from other sources, like toothpaste, before considering supplements. Supplements should be taken at a different time from brushing to avoid overexposure.

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Fluoride Supplement Dosage Chart

A guide recommending different fluoride supplement dosages for different age groups based on water fluoride levels. Dosages are adjusted to ensure optimal fluoride intake while minimizing the risk of fluorosis.

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How to Take Fluoride Tablets

Fluoride tablets should be sucked or dissolved in the mouth, preferably in the evening, to maximize absorption and effectiveness.

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Oral Hygiene Instructions

Along with fluoride supplements, proper oral hygiene practices, such as brushing and flossing, are essential for preventing tooth decay and maintaining good oral health.

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Dietary Advice

A balanced diet that limits sugar intake and encourages calcium-rich foods is important for promoting strong teeth and reducing the risk of tooth decay.

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Fluoride Supplements: First Line Treatment?

Fluoride supplements are not considered the primary treatment for preventing tooth decay. Dietary advice, oral hygiene instructions, and appropriate fluoride sources from toothpaste are fundamental.

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Study Notes

Fluoride Delivery Methods

  • Fluoride is delivered via various methods, including oral and dental treatments.

  • Different delivery methods have different strengths and implications for various age groups.

  • Key methods for fluoride delivery include: over-the-counter and prescription toothpaste, mouthwashes, topical fluoride treatments, fluoride tablets/lozenges/drops, fluoridated water, fluoridated salt, and fluoridated milk.

GDC Learning Outcomes

  • Dental professionals should describe properties of medications to manage patients.

  • Preventative education methods should promote patient self-care.

  • Patient care needs a preventative approach to contribute to long-term oral and general health.

  • Appropriate preventative materials and treatments should be advised and applied.

  • Dental professionals should describe the role of health promotion in changing environments.

  • Evidence-based prevention should be explained and applied by dental professionals.

Pre-reading Topics

  • Aeitology of Dental Caries: Caries formation process involves susceptible tooth surfaces, plaque bacteria, and fermentable carbohydrates.

  • Histology of Enamel and Dentine: Study of the microscopic structure of enamel and dentine is needed.

  • Fluoride and the Tooth Surface: Fluoride and its interaction with tooth surfaces.

Learning Objectives

  • Students should identify over-the-counter and prescription options for fluoride supplementation.

  • Students should describe professionally applied fluoride interventions.

  • Students need to identify dangerous fluoride levels for various age groups.

Recap - What do we Know So Far?

  • The presentation summarizes existing knowledge on fluoride delivery methods and their applications.

Fluoride Absorption - Post-Eruptive Stage

  • Fluoride absorption occurs in stages (pre-eruptive and post-eruptive).

  • Demineralization and remineralization processes involve fluoride for a tooth surface.

How it Works - Uptake into the Tooth

  • Fluoride is absorbed into tooth surfaces and makes the tooth more resistant to demineralization throughout several phases of tooth development.

Fluoride Levels

  • The presentations offer multiple levels of fluoride, from low to high, in different products.

Sources without Prescription

  • Over-the-counter sources for fluoride, including toothpaste, mouthwash, fluoridated water, and fluoridated salt.

Sources with Prescription

  • Prescription fluoride sources, such as toothpaste or mouthwash, which have a higher fluoride concentration than over-the-counter products.

Professionally Applied Sources

  • Various professional treatments like varnish, fluoride varnish, and glass ionomer cement for fluoride application.

Systemic vs Topical

  • Systemic fluoride is ingested, incorporated into forming tooth structures.

  • Topical fluoride strengthens existing teeth in the mouth, making them more resistant to decay.

Mouth Wash

  • Many over-the-counter mouthwashes contain fluoride.

  • Fluoride concentration in mouthwashes can range from 0.05% to 0.2%.

  • Rinses can be daily or weekly.

  • Prescription mouthwash is for individuals older than 7 with a high risk of decay.

Fluoride Varnish

  • Varnish is applied to the teeth via various procedures, often by trained professionals.

  • Fluoride varnish applications are used to arrest caries and protect root surfaces.

Pros and Cons of Fluoride Varnish

  • Varnish is a good choice for patients who have trouble using other methods.

  • Varnish's effectiveness can be difficult to monitor.

  • It contains flavors to be more palatable to patients.

  • Some individuals may dislike the procedure.

Silver Diamine Fluoride

  • SDF is a liquid that arrests caries.

  • It's useful for patients with complex issues.

  • A permanent black stain can be a side effect.

Toxicity of Fluoride Preparations

  • Acute lethal doses can be extremely dangerous.

  • Symptoms of poisoning from fluoride ingestion include nausea, vomiting, and excessive salivation.

  • Mild poisoning can be managed by drinking a large quantity of milk or water.

  • Individuals with fluoride poisoning symptoms should seek medical attention immediately.

Pre-natal Administration of Fluoride

  • Supplements in pregnant women aren't scientifically proven to prevent tooth decay in offspring.

Fluoridated Salt

  • Salt fluoridation is used in some countries to add fluoride.

Fluoridated Milk

  • Some areas use fluoridated milk in school programs.

Recommendations

  • Fluoride should be applied according to age-appropriate recommendations and under supervision.

  • Supplements should be taken at a different time than brushing.

  • Various fluoride-containing products, such as toothpaste and mouthwash, should be kept out of the reach of young children.

  • Fluorides should always be combined with dietary advice and oral hygiene instructions.

Toothpaste

  • Toothpaste variations are available for different age groups, and fluoride content varies.

  • Proper use of toothpaste, including the amount and frequency, is essential.

  • Children under a certain age should be supervised.

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Fluoride Delivery Methods PDF

Description

Explore the various methods of fluoride delivery, including oral and dental treatments. This quiz will help dental professionals understand the strengths and implications of each method for different age groups, as well as the importance of preventative education in patient care.

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