10 Questions
Which principle states that when the buoyant force on an object is equal to the weight of the object, it will float?
Archimedes Principle
According to Bernoulli's Equation, if the velocity of a fluid increases, what happens to the pressure?
Pressure decreases
In the context of thermodynamics, which law states that energy cannot be created or destroyed in an isolated system?
1st Law
What is the equation for calculating weight when an object is submerged in a fluid?
Weight = density * volume * gravity
Which statement best describes Bernoulli's Continuity Equation?
It states that the volume flow rate remains constant in a fluid flow.
What is the relationship between time and frequency according to the text?
Time and frequency are inversely proportional
Which product of vectors will always result in a scalar?
Dot product
What happens to the velocity of sound waves when their frequency decreases according to the text?
Velocity decreases
In parallel capacitors, what happens to the total capacitance when combining multiple capacitors?
Total capacitance increases
What effect does adding a dielectric have on the effective electric field between two plates of a capacitor?
Decreases the effective electric field
Study Notes
Fluid Mechanics
- Bernoulli's Continuity Equation states that volume flow rate remains constant when volume is constant.
- When volume is constant, water velocity increases and fluid flow decreases.
- The buoyancy force (BF) is proportional to the liquid displaced by an object.
- Weight of the fluid displaced is equal to the weight of the object.
- Example: Water is less dense than mercury, so more water must be displaced to achieve the same BF as mercury.
- Archimedes' Principle states that when the BF on an object is equal to the weight of the object, it will float.
- If the BF is less than the weight of the object, it will sink.
- Equation: Fb = -pgV
Thermodynamics
- Zeroth Law: If two systems are in thermal equilibrium with a third system, they are also in thermal equilibrium with each other.
- 1st Law: Energy cannot be created or destroyed in an isolated system, only converted from one form to another.
- Equation: ΔU = Q - W
- 2nd Law: Total entropy of an isolated system cannot decrease over time.
- 3rd Law: As a system approaches absolute zero, its entropy will approach a constant.
Sound
- Speed of sound in air is 340m/s, which depends on temperature.
Physics Equations
- Capacitance: C = Q/V
- Ohm's Law: V = IR
- Power: P = mgh/t
- Work: W = Fd (d always in meters)
- Ideal Gas: 22.4 L/mol
- Heat Capacity: C = mc = q/ΔT
- Kinetic Energy: KE = 1/2mv^2
- Elastic Potential Energy: EPE = 1/2kx^2
Electric Field and Capacitors
- Electric Field: E = V/IR/L
- Definition: Measure of a capacitor's ability to store charge.
- Capacitors: C = kEA/d
- Single Parallel Plate Capacitor: C = C1 + C2 (in parallel), 1/C = 1/C1 + 1/C2 (in series)
- Dielectric: Addition of dielectric decreases the effective electric field between the two plates, increasing capacitance.
Vectors and Scalars
- Vectors: The product of two vectors may be either a scalar or vector depending on the operation.
- Cross Product: Yields another vector.
- Examples: Force, Momentum, Acceleration
- Scalars: The product of two scalars will always be a scalar.
- Dot Product: Yields a scalar.
- Examples: Energy, Frequency
Waves
- Sound waves: Decrease frequency, move slower.
- Radio waves: Increase frequency, velocity.
Test your knowledge on key concepts in fluid mechanics such as Bernoulli's Equation, continuity equation, and Archimedes' Principle. This quiz covers topics related to volume flow rate, liquid displacement, and buoyant force.
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