Fluid Mechanics Chapter Quiz

The study of how liquids behave under pressure and forces. Think of how water moves in pipes or how boats float.

A substance that can flow and easily changes shape when force is applied. Water, oil, and air are all examples.

The resistance of a fluid to flow. Think of honey being thicker than water.

A type of fluid flow where particles move steadily and smoothly, like a gentle river.

A hypothetical fluid with zero viscosity. In reality, all fluids have some viscosity.

A state where some fluids exhibit zero viscosity at extremely low temperatures. It's a special state of matter.

This branch of mechanics focuses on understanding the behavior of fluids in motion and at rest. It's the theoretical basis for hydraulics.

Engineering problems related to water flow and management, such as designing dams or irrigation systems.

A measure of the force of friction from a fluid acting on a body in the path of that fluid. For example, the force of moving water against the bed of a channel.

The ratio of the inertial forces to the viscous forces, a dimensionless quantity.

The change in volume of a substance due to a change in the pressure applied on it.

The change in pressure per volume strain.

The constant in shear stress in terms of velocity gradient. It measures a fluid's resistance to flow.

The ratio of dynamic viscosity to density. It's a measure of how easily a fluid can flow under gravity.

The component of stress coplanar with a material cross-section. It arises from the force vector component parallel to the cross section.

The rate at which velocity changes with distance. Describes how quickly a fluid's speed changes within a flow.

A liquid with viscosity lower than water is known as a mobile liquid. Think of water flowing quickly.

A liquid with viscosity higher than water is known as a viscous liquid. Think of honey being thicker than water and flowing slower.

Pressure drop is the difference in pressure between two points in a fluid carrying network. This happens due to friction as the fluid moves.

Higher fluid velocity (faster flow) and higher fluid viscosity (thicker liquid) lead to a larger pressure drop. This is because there's more friction.

Friction, elevation changes, and changes in kinetic energy (speed) can all cause pressure drops in fluid systems.

The pressure drop in a circular pipe can be calculated using a specific equation. The equation considers factors like pipe length, diameter, fluid density, and flow velocity.

Resistance coefficients from practical tests can be used to calculate pressure drops for elements like valves and elbows.

The pressure drop caused by elevation changes can be calculated with a formula that considers density, acceleration due to gravity, and the elevation difference.

Flow where fluid particles move in parallel layers, like a smooth river. Think of honey dripping slowly.

Flow where fluid particles move chaotically, with unpredictable mixing. Imagine a fast-flowing river with rapids and eddies.

The zone between laminar and turbulent flow. The flow behavior is unpredictable, transitioning from smooth to chaotic.

A dimensionless number that shows the ratio of inertial forces to viscous forces in a fluid, determining if the flow is laminar, transitional, or turbulent.

It indicates whether inertial forces dominate (turbulence) or viscous forces dominate (laminar). Larger Reynolds numbers indicate turbulent flow.

A dimensionless number representing the friction between a fluid and the pipe wall. It heavily depends on the flow regime (laminar or turbulent).

The friction coefficient is a function of the Reynolds number only. This means that for a given flow, the roughness of the pipe doesn't affect the coefficient.

The friction coefficient is a function of both the Reynolds number and the roughness of the pipe wall. Rougher pipes lead to higher friction coefficients.