18 Questions
What stimulates the release of ADH?
Thirst
When is the release of ADH inhibited by the vascular system?
When volume in the vascular system is high
What may cause hypovolemia?
Inadequate intake
What is the average adult urine output?
1000mL-2000mL
What activates the thirst mechanism when fluid is lost?
The brain
What may lead to decreased organ function if not treated properly?
Dehydration
What are examples of fluid losses mentioned in the text?
Sensible and insensible
What does THIRST stimulate the release of?
ADH
What causes the release of ADH when the volume in the vascular system is low?
Stimulation by the vascular system
What assessments should be performed for a patient with hypervolemia?
Monitor daily weight, monitor vital signs, monitor intake and output, monitor respiratory status
What is the purpose of diuretics like Furosemide (Lasix)?
Promote excretion of fluids via urine and decrease intravascular volume
What should be assessed prior to administration of Furosemide (Lasix)?
Fluid status and electrolyte levels
What are the signs and symptoms of fluid accumulation in the lungs?
Adventitious lung sounds, tachypnea, dyspnea, labored breathing, decreased oxygen saturation
How is pitting edema graded?
1+ Mild, 2+ Moderate, 3+ Moderately severe, 4+ Severe
What should be monitored for a patient with edema?
Daily weight, vital signs, intake and output, respiratory status
What should be assessed after administration of diuretics like Furosemide (Lasix)?
Fluid status and electrolyte levels
What is the purpose of elevating lower extremities, applying compression stockings, encouraging movement, and massaging the area for edema?
To improve circulation and reduce swelling
What do pitting edema and jugular vein distention indicate?
Fluid overload
Study Notes
Regulation of ADH Release
- Low blood volume or low blood pressure stimulates the release of ADH (Antidiuretic Hormone)
- The release of ADH is inhibited by the vascular system when blood volume or blood pressure is high
Hypovolemia
- Hypovolemia can be caused by excessive sweating, vomiting, diarrhea, or bleeding
- Hypovolemia can lead to decreased organ function if not treated properly
Thirst Mechanism
- The thirst mechanism is activated when fluid is lost, stimulating the release of ADH
- ADH stimulates the release of vasopressin, which stimulates water reabsorption in the kidneys
Fluid Losses
- Examples of fluid losses include vomiting, diarrhea, and excessive sweating
Diuretics and Edema
- Diuretics like Furosemide (Lasix) are used to remove excess fluid from the body
- Assessments for a patient with hypervolemia include vital signs, lung sounds, and peripheral edema
- Prior to administration of Furosemide (Lasix), the patient's potassium level, lung sounds, and urine output should be assessed
- Signs and symptoms of fluid accumulation in the lungs include crackles, wheezing, and shortness of breath
- Pitting edema is graded on a scale of +1 to +4, depending on the depth of indentation
- For a patient with edema, monitor vital signs, lung sounds, and peripheral edema
- After administration of diuretics like Furosemide (Lasix), monitor urine output, potassium level, and lung sounds
- Elevating lower extremities, applying compression stockings, encouraging movement, and massaging the area can help reduce edema
- Pitting edema and jugular vein distention indicate fluid accumulation and increased central venous pressure
Test your knowledge of fluid balance and the role of ADH in regulating fluid levels with this quiz. Explore the factors that stimulate or inhibit the release of ADH and understand the impact of gains and losses on fluid balance.
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