Podcast
Questions and Answers
Describe the key differences in the arrangement of vascular bundles between a typical dicot stem and a monocot stem, and how this relates to the presence or absence of a vascular cambium.
Describe the key differences in the arrangement of vascular bundles between a typical dicot stem and a monocot stem, and how this relates to the presence or absence of a vascular cambium.
Dicot stems have vascular bundles arranged in a ring, possessing a vascular cambium that allows for secondary growth. Monocot stems have scattered vascular bundles without a vascular cambium, thus lacking secondary growth.
Explain how the arrangement of floral whorls (calyx, corolla, androecium, and gynoecium) is represented in a floral diagram, and how this representation aids in comparing different plant species.
Explain how the arrangement of floral whorls (calyx, corolla, androecium, and gynoecium) is represented in a floral diagram, and how this representation aids in comparing different plant species.
A floral diagram uses concentric circles to represent the arrangement and fusion of floral whorls. It shows the number of parts in each whorl, their arrangement, and any adnation or cohesion, facilitating comparisons between species.
In the context of osmosis using a potato osmometer, predict how increasing the concentration of the external solution (e.g., sugar solution) would affect the water level inside the osmometer, and explain the underlying principle.
In the context of osmosis using a potato osmometer, predict how increasing the concentration of the external solution (e.g., sugar solution) would affect the water level inside the osmometer, and explain the underlying principle.
Increasing the concentration of the external solution would cause the water level inside the osmometer to decrease. This occurs because water moves from an area of higher water potential (inside the potato cells) to an area of lower water potential (the concentrated sugar solution) through osmosis.
Describe the process of plasmolysis and explain why it occurs when plant cells are placed in a hypertonic solution. What observable changes would you expect to see in the cell's structure?
Describe the process of plasmolysis and explain why it occurs when plant cells are placed in a hypertonic solution. What observable changes would you expect to see in the cell's structure?
Outline the steps involved in separating plant pigments using paper chromatography, and explain the principle behind why different pigments move different distances on the chromatography paper.
Outline the steps involved in separating plant pigments using paper chromatography, and explain the principle behind why different pigments move different distances on the chromatography paper.
Flashcards
Tap Root
Tap Root
A root that develops from the radicle of the plant embryo, typically growing vertically downward.
Adventitious Roots
Adventitious Roots
Roots that develop from any part of the plant other than the radicle.
Herbaceous Stem
Herbaceous Stem
A stem that is non-woody and often green; it typically lives only one growing season.
Osmosis
Osmosis
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Plasmolysis
Plasmolysis
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Study Notes
- Study and describe locally available common flowering plants from the Solanaceae family, or Poaceae, Asteraceae, or Brassicaceae depending on geographical location.
- Dissect and display floral whorls, anther, and ovary to show the number of chambers, floral formulae, and floral diagrams.
- Note the type of root (tap and adventitious).
- Note the type of stem (herbaceous and woody).
- Note the leaf characteristics, including arrangement, shape, venation, simple or compound.
- Make a preparation and study of T.S. of dicot and monocot roots and stems (primary).
- Study osmosis by potato osmometer.
- Study plasmolysis in epidermal peels using Rhoeo, lily leaves, or flashy scale leaves of an onion bulb.
- Study the distribution of stomata on the upper and lower surfaces of leaves.
- Conduct a comparative study of the rates of transpiration in the upper and lower surfaces of leaves.
- Test for the presence of sugar, starch, proteins, and fats in suitable plant and animal materials.
- Separate plant pigments through paper chromatography.
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