Flower Structure and Function Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the term describing the evolution of two organisms that become particularly adapted to and dependent on each other?

  • Co-evolution (correct)
  • Symbiotic evolution
  • Adaptive radiation
  • Convergent evolution

    • An inferior ovary is positioned above the attachment of other floral parts.

    False

    What is an inflorescence?

    An inflorescence is a group or cluster of flowers arranged on a stem.

    Fruits can be classified as _____ or _____, with dry fruits being either dehiscent or indehiscent.

    <p>dry, fleshy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following plant structures with their functions:

    <p>Stigma = Receives pollen during fertilization Style = Supports the stigma Carpel = The female reproductive part of a flower Ovule = Develops into a seed after fertilization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the diploid generation of a plant called?

    <p>Sporophyte</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Flowers only serve the function of producing spores.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What process occurs when a pollen grain lands on the stigma?

    <p>Germination</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Flowers produce _____ kinds of spores.

    <p>two</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the spore types with their corresponding gametophytes:

    <p>Microspore = Male gametophyte (pollen grain) Megaspore = Female gametophyte (embryo sac)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which generation is dominant in flowering plants?

    <p>Sporophyte</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The gametophyte generation creates spores that develop into gametes.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The female gametophyte develops into an _____ within an ovule.

    <p>embryo sac</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of cells are produced by meiosis in plants?

    <p>Haploid spores</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The zygote formed after fertilization is haploid.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many different types of gametophytes are there in a plant life cycle?

    <p>Two</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A flower that is missing parts c, d, e, or f is said to be a __________ flower.

    <p>imperfect</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the flower parts with their descriptions:

    <p>Stamen = Parts that produce pollen Pistil = Parts that receive pollen and contain ovules Sepal = Green parts that protect the flower bud Petal = Parts that attract pollinators</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what parts of the flower does meiosis occur?

    <p>Stamens and carpels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    All cells in a plant undergo meiosis during reproduction.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do microgametophytes produce?

    <p>Pollen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary result of asexual reproduction?

    <p>New individuals are genetically identical to the parent</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In flowering plants, the microgametophyte initially consists of two sperm cells.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What part of the flower connects to its base and supports the flower?

    <p>receptacle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    After fertilization, the fertilized egg is called a ______.

    <p>zygote</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following components of a flower with their descriptions:

    <p>Pedicel = Attaches a single flower to the inflorescence Stamen = Male reproductive organ of a flower Carpel = Female reproductive organ of a flower Sepals = Protective outer parts of a flower bud</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes dioecious species?

    <p>They have two types of sporophytes for microspores and megaspores</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Fruits protect seeds and assist in their dispersal and maturation.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What structure develops from the ovary after fertilization?

    <p>fruit</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of fruits are considered fleshy and edible?

    <p>Indehiscent</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Reproduction in plants serves only one function.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is double fertilization?

    <p>A process in flowering plants where one sperm fertilizes the egg to form a zygote, and another sperm combines with two polar nuclei to form the endosperm.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In sexually reproducing plants, offspring are usually ___ to each other and to their parents.

    <p>not identical</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following terms with their correct definitions:

    <p>Gametes = Reproductive cells that fuse during fertilization Zygote = The initial cell formed when two gametes fuse Endosperm = Nutrient-rich tissue that supports embryo development Inflorescence = A group or cluster of flowers on a single stem</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following structures carries pollen from the flower to the ovary?

    <p>Pollen tube</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a significant disadvantage of a plant reproducing asexually in a changing environment?

    <p>All offspring are identical to the parent and may not survive if conditions change.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A plant that produces 100,000 seeds likely has most of those seeds survive and grow to adulthood.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If a flower has both e and f, they are ______________ flowers. If they are missing either e or f or both, they are ______________ flowers.

    Signup and view all the answers

    What type of flower has both parts e and f?

    <p>Perfect flower</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If either part e or f is missing from a flower, it is classified as a perfect flower.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the three parts of carpels?

    <p>Stigma, style, ovary</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A stamen usually has two parts: the stalk is called a __________ and the upper portion is the __________.

    <p>filament, anther</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following flower terms with their definitions:

    <p>Megagametophyte = Structure that develops from a megaspore and contains female gametes Anther = Part of the stamen that produces pollen Sperm cell = Male gamete in plant reproduction Synergid = Cell that aids in the fertilization process</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In angiosperms, which cellular components does a sperm cell lose upon entering the egg?

    <p>Plastids and nucleus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The megaspore in most flowering plants grows into a megagametophyte that contains four cells and four nuclei.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are the two sperm cells transported from the stigma to the egg?

    <p>Through the pollen tube</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Flower Structure and Function

    • Sepals: Protect the developing flower bud, usually green
    • Petals: Attract pollinators
    • Stamen (Male):
      • Anther: Produces pollen (male gametophytes) through meiosis
      • Filament: Supports the anther
    • Carpel/Pistil (Female):
      • Stigma: Collects pollen
      • Style: Carries pollen to the ovary
      • Ovary: Contains ovules (where eggs develop)
    • Pedicel: The stalk of the flower
    • Receptacle: The end of the stalk where other parts are attached

    Where are eggs and pollen formed?

    • Eggs develop in ovules inside the ovary
    • Pollen develops in pollen sacs within the anther

    Pollination vs. Fertilization

    • Pollination: Transfer of pollen to a receptive stigma. Various agents can transfer pollen
    • Fertilization: Fusion of gametes (sperm and egg) after pollination

    Sexual Reproduction in Plants

    • Plants have two stages in their life cycle:
      • Diploid stage (sporophyte)
      • Haploid stage (gametophyte)

    Flower Parts and Their Functions

    Flower Types

    • Complete Flower: Has all four essential parts (sepal, petal, stamen, pistil)
    • Incomplete Flower: Lacks one or more essential parts
    • Perfect Flower: Contains both stamens and pistils (bisexual)
    • Imperfect Flower: Contains either stamens or pistils (unisexual)
    • Monoecious: Male and female flowers on the same plant
    • Dioecious: Male and female flowers on separate plants

    Pollination Agents

    • Insects (butterflies, bees, flies, beetles)
    • Birds
    • Bats
    • Wind

    Inflorescence & Pollination

    • Inflorescence: Arrangement of flowers on the floral axis
    • Racemose (Indefinite) and Cymose (Definite) types of inflorescence

    Coevolution

    • Two species (e.g., flowering plant, animal pollinator) develop interdependent relationships
    • Heritable changes affect selection pressures on each other

    Reproduction in Plants

    • Asexual Reproduction: Offspring are genetically identical to the parent
    • Sexual Reproduction: Offspring are genetically different from parents

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    Flowers and Reproduction - Botany Reviewer

    Description

    Test your knowledge on the parts of a flower and their functions. This quiz covers key concepts including the roles of sepals, petals, stamens, and carpels in pollination and fertilization. Enhance your understanding of plant sexual reproduction.

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