Flower Structure and Function Quiz

A plant life cycle where generations alternate between diploid (sporophyte) and haploid (gametophyte) organisms.

The diploid (2n) phase of a plant's life cycle, producing spores.

The haploid (n) phase of a plant's life cycle, producing gametes.

A type of spore that develops into the male gametophyte (pollen grain) in flowering plants.

A type of spore that develops into the female gametophyte (embryo sac) in flowering plants.

The male gametophyte in flowering plants, containing sperm cells.

Flowers are the reproductive structures of angiosperms, producing spores, protecting gametophytes, attracting pollinators, and enabling pollen dispersal.

Flower parts occur in threes (monocots) or fours/fives (eudicots).

Mature ovary of a flower, containing seeds and sometimes other parts.

Embryo with a protective coat (seed coat).

Produces diverse offspring, increasing chances of survival in changing environments.

Offspring identical to parent, not well-adapted to changing conditions.

Only a small fraction of seeds survive and grow to adulthood in stable populations to maintain the same number.

Creating new plants via sexual or asexual processes.

Contains both male (stamen) and female (carpel) reproductive parts in one flower.

Flowers lacking one or more flower parts, stamens or carpels.

A reproductive process creating genetically identical offspring.

Reproduction involving the fusion of gametes, creating genetically diverse offspring.

Life cycle of plants with distinct haploid and diploid phases.

Flowers have essential (stamens, carpels) and nonessential (sepals, petals, receptacle) parts.

Produces the sperm (micro) and egg (mega) cells in seed plants.

Fertilized egg grows into embryo, endosperm forms for nutrition, integuments form seed coat.

The ovary develops into the fruit after fertilization.

A cluster of flowers on a single stem or a plant axis, can be determinate or indeterminate.

The process where two species evolve in response to each other, becoming dependent.

Ovary is located below other flower parts.

A cluster of flowers on a single stem or plant axis.

Fruits are classified as dry or fleshy, based on their texture.

Fruit where non-ovary parts develop to form the edible portion.

Gametes (sperm and egg) are produced by meiosis in specific cells of reproductive organs, not all cells.

A fertilized egg (zygote) is diploid and grows into a new organism through mitosis, not meiosis.

Plants have bodies composed of diploid cells, and meiosis occurs in specific organs.

Meiosis occurs in specialized parts of plants, such as stamens, carpels, and not leaves, stems, petals.

In plants, meiosis in sporophytes produces spores, which grow into gametophytes, not gametes directly.

The gametophyte generation produces gametes in plants.

The stalk of the flower is called the peduncle.

The part where all other flower parts are attached to the stalk.

A flower with both male and female reproductive parts (stamens and carpels).

A flower that lacks either male or female reproductive parts.

The male part of a flower, consisting of the filament (stalk) and anther (pollen-producing part).

Cells within the anther that undergo meiosis to produce pollen grains.

The female part of a flower, consisting of stigma (receives pollen), style (elevates stigma), and ovary (contains ovules).

Contains the megagametophyte, including the egg cell, within the ovary.

The female gametophyte in a flower, with seven cells and eight nuclei, critical for fertilization.

Pollen tube grows from the stigma to the ovule, delivering sperm cells to the egg for fertilization.