Floating Techniques

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Questions and Answers

Match each swimming stroke with its primary leg movement:

Freestyle = Flutter kick Breaststroke = Whip/Frog kick Backstroke = Flutter kick Butterfly = Dolphin kick

Match each float type with its description:

Survival Float = Lying face down, lifting head to breathe, then relaxing underwater. Starfish Float = Floating on back or chest with arms and legs spread out. Prone Float = Lying face down with arms and legs extended. Supine Float = Floating on back in a face-up horizontal position.

Match the arm pull phase in front crawl with its correct description:

Entry = Flat hand enters the water, palm turned outward. Pull = Semi-circle motion from the water toward the chest. Push = Moving arm back toward the water surface. Release & Recovery = Elbow moves in a semi-circle, shoulder twists to lift arm forward.

Match the arm pull phase in backstroke with its description:

<p>Entry = Little finger enters first, palm facing out, arm near the shoulder line. Catch = Palm facing travel direction, sweep arm down and outward. Pull = Palm changes pitch, sweeps upward and inward with the elbow bent at 90°. Push = Arm sweeps toward the thigh, ending fully extended.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match each kick type with its benefit or use:

<p>Flutter Kick = Improves speed, tones legs, increases heart rate. Whip/Frog Kick = Unique to breaststroke, provides propulsion. Scissor Kick = Used in rescue swimming for support. Dolphin Kick = Powerful kick used in butterfly stroke.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match each freestyle swimming technique with its description:

<p>Catch = Hand enters fingertips first. Pull = Sweep hand toward the waist. Exit = Elbow exits the water first. Recovery = Arc the arm forward above the water.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match each backstroke technique with its description:

<p>Entry = Little finger enters first, arm in line with the shoulder. Pull = Sweep arm down and toward the thigh. Release &amp; Recovery = Thumb leaves first, arm rotates over the shoulder. Leg Kicks = Flutter kick from the hips with relaxed knees.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the breaststroke technique with its description:

<p>Glide = Arms extended forward. Outsweep &amp; Insweep = Arms sweep outward, then inward. Recovery = Arms return to the starting position. Leg Movements = Circular whip kick, feet flexed outward.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match each butterfly stroke technique with its description:

<p>Catch = Press down and outward. Pull = Sweep arms toward the thighs. Recovery = Both arms sweep forward above the water. Leg Action = Perform two dolphin kicks per arm cycle.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the swimming term with its description:

<p>Tumble Turn = Flip turn used to change direction quickly in races. Catch = Initial grip of the water in a stroke. Propulsion = Forward movement through the water. Drag = Resistance encountered in the water.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match each stroke with its competitive event distances:

<p>Freestyle = 50m, 100m, 200m, 400m, 800m, 1500m Backstroke = 100m, 200m Breaststroke = 100m, 200m Butterfly = 100m, 200m</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the type of float to a brief description:

<p>Jellyfish Float = Face down in the water with arms hanging down. Turtle/Tuck Float = Knees pulled to chest, body rolled forward. Prone Float = Face down, legs and arms extended. Starfish Float = Floating on back with limbs spread.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the role of each phase of the whip kick during breaststroke:

<p>Gliding = Legs extended, held together, feet pointed. Recovery = Knees bend, feet move toward the buttocks. Catch = Feet rotate outward, knees move apart. Outsweep &amp; Insweep = Sweep legs outward and backward, then bring them together with force.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the position of the body while performing each stroke:

<p>Freestyle = Float on your chest, body straight, face parallel to pool bottom. Backstroke = Performed on the back. Breaststroke = Float on chest, body level with the water. Butterfly = Face down, shoulders and hips near the surface.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the purpose of the arms during a stroke:

<p>Freestyle = Hand enters fingertips first, sweep hand toward the waist, elbow exits the water first, arc the arm forward above the water. Backstroke = Little finger enters first, sweep arm down and toward the thigh, thumb leaves first, arm rotates over the shoulder. Breaststroke = Glide, arms sweep outward, then inward, arms return to starting position. Butterfly = Press down and outward, sweep arms toward the thighs, sweep forward above the water.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the purpose of the dolphin kick during butterfly stroke:

<p>Power Source = Power comes from the hips. Kick Frequency = Perform two kicks per arm cycle. Propulsion = One kick for propulsion and one during recovery. Coordination = Timing with arm movements.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the location that kicks come from, based on the swimming style.

<p>Flutter Kick (Freestyle) = From the hips. Flutter Kick (Backstroke) = Compact kicks with bent knees underwater. Whip/Frog Kick = Circular leg movement. Dolphin Kick = Power comes from the hips.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the breathing technique to the swimming style:

<p>Freestyle = Rotate body 30-40° to breathe Backstroke = No restriction as the face is above water Breaststroke = Lift shoulders to bring face out of the water Butterfly = Inhale during the recovery phase</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the swimming style to a fun fact about the swimming style:

<p>Freestyle = Fastest swimming stroke Breaststroke = The oldest and slowest swimming stroke Butterfly = Most challenging stroke due to undulating motion and precise timing. Backstroke = Face is positioned above water.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the swimmer to the category that they fit within.

<p>Arti Saha = First woman to swim breaststroke Adam Peaty = Best male breaststroker Sydney Cavill = Created butterfly stroke No Swimmer = Created freestyle stroke</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Survival Float

Lying on stomach, face down, arms and legs dangling, lifting head to breathe periodically.

Floating

The ability of the human body to be supported by water, easing breathing and conserving energy.

Starfish Float

Floating on back or chest with arms and legs spread out.

Prone Float (Dead-Man's Float)

Lying face down, arms and legs extended.

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Supine Float

Floating on your back in a face-up horizontal position, like backstroke.

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Jellyfish Float

Take a deep breath, put face in the water, let arms hang down.

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Turtle/Tuck Float

Pull knees to chest, clasp them with arms, roll body forward.

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Arm Pull

The sequence of movements of the arm during front crawl and backstroke.

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Entry (Front Crawl)

Flat hand enters water, palm turned outward, initiate the pull.

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Pull (Front Crawl)

Semi-circle motion from the water toward the chest.

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Push (Front Crawl)

Completes the pull, moving arm back toward the surface.

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Release & Recovery (Front Crawl)

Elbow leads in a semi-circle, the shoulder twists to lift the arm.

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Entry & Catch (Backstroke)

Little finger enters first, sweep the arm down and outward.

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Pull (Backstroke)

Palm sweeps upward and inward with the elbow bent at 90°.

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Push (Backstroke)

Arm sweeps toward the thigh, ending fully extended.

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Release & Recovery (Backstroke)

Thumb leaves water first, arm rotates 180° over the shoulder.

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Flutter Kick

Alternating up-and-down motion of the legs from the hips.

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Whip/Frog Kick

Circular leg movement.

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Scissor Kick

Legs move in opposite directions horizontally, then snap together.

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Dolphin Kick

Both legs move together in a whipping motion resembling a dolphin’s tail.

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Study Notes

Floating

  • Floating allows the human body to be buoyed by water, which aids breathing and conserves energy
  • Floating helps improve breathing techniques, reduces tiredness, and lowers drowning risks

Types of Floating

  • Survival Float: Used for extended periods, involves lying face down, lifting the head to breathe, and relaxing back underwater
  • Starfish Float: Floating on the back or chest with arms and legs spread out
  • Prone Float (Dead-Man's Float): Lying face down with arms and legs extended; eyes can be open underwater or lifted up
  • Supine Float: Floating face-up on the back in a horizontal position
  • Jellyfish Float: A deep breath is taken, face is put in the water, and arms hang while the water supports the body
  • Turtle/Tuck Float: Pulling knees to the chest and clasping them with arms, causing the body to roll forward

Arm Pull

  • In Front Crawl and Backstroke, arm strokes provide 90% of propulsion
  • Front Crawl is performed in a prone position, while Backstroke is performed supine
  • Both Front Crawl and Backstroke use alternating arm movements similar to a windmill

Arm Pull in Front Crawl

  • Entry: Flat hand enters the water, palm turned outward ("catching the water")
  • Pull: Arm moves in a semi-circle from the water toward the chest
  • Push: The pull is completed as the arm is moved back toward the water surface
  • Release & Recovery: Elbow moves in a semi-circle, and the shoulder twists to lift the arm forward

Arm Pull in Backstroke

  • Entry: Little finger enters first, palm facing out, arm near the shoulder line
  • Catch: Palm faces travel direction, sweeping the arm down and outward
  • Pull: Palm changes pitch, sweeps upward and inward with the elbow bent at 90°
  • Push: Arm sweeps toward the thigh, ending fully extended
  • Release & Recovery: Thumb leaves the water first, arm rotates 180° over the shoulder

Kicks

  • Flutter Kick (Freestyle & Backstroke): Alternating up-and-down motion of the legs from the hips
  • Flutter kicks improve speed, tone legs, and increases heart rate

Flutter Kick Technique

  • Freestyle: Keep ankles relaxed, toes pointed, and use quick, steady kicks
  • Backstroke: Compact kicks with bent knees underwater, creating a small splash

Whip/Frog Kick (Breaststroke)

  • Circular leg movement, also called a "frog kick"
  • Gliding: Legs extended, held together, feet pointed
  • Recovery: Knees bend, feet move toward the buttocks
  • Catch: Feet rotate outward, knees move apart
  • Outsweep & Insweep: Sweep legs outward and backward, then bring them together
  • Leg Lift & Glide: Return to the gliding position

Scissor Kick (Sidestroke)

  • Legs move in opposite directions horizontally, then snap together
  • Used in rescue swimming as it allows one arm to support the swimmer

Dolphin Kick (Butterfly Stroke)

  • Both legs move together in a whipping motion resembling a dolphin’s tail
  • Power comes from the hips
  • Two kicks are performed per arm cycle—one for propulsion and one during recovery

Freestyle Swimming

  • Fastest swimming stroke, using flutter kicks and alternating arm movements

Freestyle Competitions

  • Races: 50m, 100m, 200m, 400m, 800m (women only), 1500m (men only)
  • Relay Events: 4x50m, 4x100m, 4x200m freestyle relay
  • Medley Events (Freestyle as the final stroke): 100m, 200m, 400m individual medley and relays

Freestyle Technique

  • Body Position: Float on your chest, body straight, face parallel to the pool bottom
  • Arm Movements: Hand enters fingertips first, sweep hand toward the waist, elbow exits the water first, and arc the arm forward above the water
  • Leg Movements: Flutter kick from the hips
  • Breathing: Rotate body 30-40° to breathe
  • Tumble Turn: Flip turn used to change direction quickly in races

Backstroke

  • Backstroke involves flutter kicks and alternating arm movements
  • Arm Phases: Little finger enters first, arm in line with the shoulder; sweep arm down and toward the thigh; thumb leaves first, arm rotates over the shoulder
  • Leg Kicks: Flutter kick from the hips with relaxed knees
  • Breathing: No restriction as the face is above water, maintain balance to prevent water splashing

Breaststroke

  • The oldest and slowest swimming stroke

Breaststroke Competitions

  • First Olympic appearance: 1904
  • Arti Saha was the first woman to swim breaststroke
  • Adam Peaty is known as the best male breaststroker

Breaststroke Technique

  • Body Position: Float on chest, body level with the water
  • Arm Phases: Arms extended forward during glide; arms sweep outward, then inward during outsweep & insweep; arms return to the starting position during recovery
  • Leg Movements: Circular whip kick, feet flexed outward
  • Breathing: Lift shoulders to bring face out of the water

Butterfly Stroke

  • Most challenging stroke because it requires undulating motion and precise timing

History of Butterfly Stroke

  • Created by Sydney Cavill (early 1900s)
  • First Olympic use: 1956, recognized by FINA in 1952

Butterfly Technique

  • Body Position: Face down, shoulders and hips near the surface
  • Arm Movements: Press down and outward during catch; sweep arms toward the thighs during pull; both arms sweep forward above the water during recovery
  • Leg Action (Dolphin Kick): Two kicks performed per arm cycle
  • Breathing: Inhale during the recovery phase

Benefits of Butterfly Stroke

  • Burns the most calories (~450 in 30 minutes)
  • Strengthens core, shoulders, and glutes

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