Five Senses Quiz

Questions and Answers

five senses that keep us in touch with what is going on in the external world:

Touch, smell, sight, hearing, taste

How many percent of sensory receptors in the body are in the eyes

70 percent

The adult eyes are measured about?

1 inch or 2.5 cm in diameter

_____ of the eye include the extrinsic eye muscles, eyelids, conjunctiva, and lacrimal apparatus.

accessory structures Signup and view all the answers

In the anterior part of the eye, the eyes are protected by?

Eyelids Signup and view all the answers

The eyelids will meet at what part of the eyes?

Lateral commissure(canthus) and medial commissure(canthus) Signup and view all the answers

The space between the eyelids in an open eye is called the_____

palpebral fissure Signup and view all the answers

Projecting from the boarder of each eyelids is called?

Eyelashes Signup and view all the answers

It is a modified sebaceous associated with eyelids edges?

Tarsal glands Signup and view all the answers

These glands produce an oil that lubricates the eyes

Tarsal gland Signup and view all the answers

It is a modified sweat glands, lie between the eyelashes (cilium = eyelash), and their ducts open at the eyelash follicles

Ciliary gland Signup and view all the answers

On the medial aspect of each eye is the____?, a raised area containing sebaceous and sweat glands that produce an oily, whitish secretion that also lubricates the eye

Lacrimal caruncle Signup and view all the answers

secretes mucus, which helps to lubricate the eyeball and keep it moist.

Conjunctiva Signup and view all the answers

consists of the lacrimal gland and a number of ducts that drain lacrimal secretions into the nasal cavity.

Lacrimal apparatus Signup and view all the answers

are located above the lateral end of each eye. They continually release a dilute Salt solution (tears) onto the anterior surface of the eyeball through several small ducts.

Lacrimal glands Signup and view all the answers

I sunod sunod ang giagian sa tears from the lacrimal glands include lacrimal glands sa answer

Lacrimal glands, excretory ducts of lacrimal glands, lacrimal canaliculi, lacrimal sac then to lacrimals canaliculi Signup and view all the answers

an enzyme that destroys bacteria.

Lysozyme Signup and view all the answers

Inflammation of the conjunctiva, called____?

Conjunctivitis Signup and view all the answers

its infectious form caused by bacteria or viruses, is Highly contagious

Pink eye Signup and view all the answers

How many extrinsic muscles do we have?

Six Signup and view all the answers

These muscles produce gross eye movements and make it possible for the eyes to follow a moving object. gives the names, locations, actions, and cranial nerve serving each of these muscles.

Extrinsic eye muscle Signup and view all the answers

is a hollow sphere. Its wall is composed of three tunics, or layers, and its interior is filled with fluids called humors that help to maintain its shape.

Eyeball Signup and view all the answers

What fluid that fills the interior of our eyeball

Humors Signup and view all the answers

it is the main focusing apparatus of the eye, is supported upright within the eye cavity, dividing it into two chambers.

Lens Signup and view all the answers

What are the three layers of eyeball?

fibrous layer, vascular layer and sensory layer Signup and view all the answers

It is the outermost layer of the eyeball

Fibrous layer Signup and view all the answers

It consist the protective sclera and transparent cornea

Fibrous layer Signup and view all the answers

is seen anteriorly as the “white of the eye.”

Sclera Signup and view all the answers

It is the central anterior portion of the fibrous layer is crystal clear. This “window” is the_____?

cornea Signup and view all the answers

What transparent layer of the eye that is well supplied with nerve endings? That if you it, it will increase the tears.

Cornea Signup and view all the answers

It is the most exposed part of the eye and it is vulnerable to damage

Cornea Signup and view all the answers

the only tissue in the body that is transplanted from one person to another without the worry of rejection. Because it has no blood vessels, it is beyond the reach of immune system

Cornea Signup and view all the answers

It is the middle layer of the eyeball

Vascular layer Signup and view all the answers

Most posterior of vascular layer a bloodrich nutritive tunic that contains a dark pigment. The pigment prevents light from scattering inside the eye

Choroid Signup and view all the answers

What are the two muscle structure of choroid?

Ciliary body and iris Signup and view all the answers

ciliary body, which is attached to the lens by a suspensory ligament called____?

Ciliary zonule Signup and view all the answers

it regulates the amount of light entering the eye so that we can see as clearly as possible in the available light

Iris Signup and view all the answers

the _____ through which light passes. Circularly and radially arranged smooth muscle fibers form the iris, which acts like the diaphragm of a camera.

Pupil Signup and view all the answers

The innermost sensory layer of the eye is the delicate two-layered ___?which extends anteriorly only to the ciliary body.

Retina Signup and view all the answers

The outer ____ layer of the retina is omposed of pigmented cells that, like those of the choroid, absorb light and prevent light from scattering inside the eye. They also act as phagocytes to remove dead or damaged receptor cells and store vitamin A needed for vision.

Pigmented layer Signup and view all the answers

What is the transparent layer of retina

Neural layer Signup and view all the answers

They are called PHOTORECEPTORS because they respond to light

Rods and cones Signup and view all the answers

Electrical signals pass from the photoreceptors via a two-neuron chain called_____?

Bipolar cells Signup and view all the answers

list in sequence the neural layer in retina which is the first step is the rods and cones which is the photoreceptors and then?

Light passes through photoreceptors, bipolar cells, ganglion cells to optic nerves which results vision. Signup and view all the answers

The blind spot in our vision

Optic disc Signup and view all the answers

this photoreceptors allow us to see in gray tones in dim light, and they provide our peripheral vision.

Rods Signup and view all the answers

Anything that interferes with rod function hinders our ability to see at night. This condition, called_____?

Night blindness Signup and view all the answers

is one of the building blocks of the pigments the photoreceptor cells need to respond to light

Vitamin a Signup and view all the answers

are discriminatory receptors that allow us to see the details of our world in color under right light conditions. They are densest in the center of the retina and decrease in number toward the retinal edge.

Cones Signup and view all the answers

The area of the retina with the greatest concentration of cones( your area focus…. you test it’s functionality when you read the Eye chart)

Fovea centralis Signup and view all the answers

is a condition in which the lens of the eye is warped. The warped lens will cause images to appear out of focus on the retina.

Astigmatism Signup and view all the answers

This is a condition in which distant objects are seen more clearly than are object that are nearby. This is because light is focused behind the retina rather than on it.

Farsighted or hyperopia Signup and view all the answers

This is a condition in which objects that are nearby are seen clearly while objects in the distance are out of focus. This is because the light is focused in front of the retina rather than on the retina.

Nearsighted or myopia Signup and view all the answers

is one of the major causes of blindness. High pressure builds in the eye and damages the optic nerve. Any vision that is lost is not repairable.

Glaucoma Signup and view all the answers

are when the clear transparent lens of the eye develops a cloudy or milky covering. It prevents the eye from being able to see. Although it can happen to young people, it is mostly found in the elderly.

Cataracts Signup and view all the answers

this humor helps prevent the eyeball from collapsing inward by reinforcing it internally.

Vitreous humor Signup and view all the answers

Aqueous humor is reabsorbed into the venous blood through the?

scleral venous sinus, or canal of Schlemm Signup and view all the answers

is a common cause of blindness in the elderly

Glaucoma Signup and view all the answers

the pressure inside the eye. It also provides nutrients for the avascular lens and cornea

Intraocular pressure Signup and view all the answers

It is an instrument that is used to measure the intraocular pressure, which should be tested yearly in people over 40.

Tonometer Signup and view all the answers

is an instrument that illuminates the interior of the eyeball, allowing the retina, optic disc, and internal blood vessels at the fundus, or posterior wall of the eye, to be viewed and examined

ophthalmoscope Signup and view all the answers

What is the posterior wall of the eye

Fundus Signup and view all the answers

When light passes from one substance to another substance that has a different density, its speed changes and its rays are bent, or

Refracted Signup and view all the answers

The image formed on the retina as a result of the light-bending activity of the lens is a____?

Real image Signup and view all the answers

This ability of the eye to focus specifically for close objects (those less than 20 feet away) is called ____?

Accomodation Signup and view all the answers

is the loss of the same side of the visual field of both eyes, which results from damage to the visual cortex on one side only

Hemianopia Signup and view all the answers

thee eye that focuses images correctly on the retina is said to have emmetropia, literally, “harmonious vision.

Emmetropia Signup and view all the answers

occurs when the parallel light rays from distant objects fail to reach the retina and instead are focused in front of it;

Myopia or nearsighted Signup and view all the answers

What lenses should you use if you have myopic eye?

Concave lens Signup and view all the answers

usually results from an eyeball that is too short or from a “lazy” lens

Hyperopia or farsighted Signup and view all the answers

occurs when the parallel light rays from distant objects are focused behind the retina—at least in the resting eye, in which the lens is flat and the ciliary muscle is relaxed

Hyperopia Signup and view all the answers

What lens should you use if you have hyperopia?

Convex lens Signup and view all the answers

In this condition, blurry images occur because points of light are focused not as points on the retina but as lines

Astigmatism Signup and view all the answers

What lenses should you use if you have astigmatism

Cylindrically ground lenses Signup and view all the answers

is the reflexive movement of the eyes medially when we view close objects. When convergence occurs, both eyes are aimed toward the near object being viewed

Convergence Signup and view all the answers

When the eyes are suddenly exposed to bright light, the pupils immediately constrict; this is the___? What reflex?

photopupillary reflex Signup and view all the answers

long periods of reading tire the eyes and often result in what is commonly called ____?

Eyestrain Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following correctly describes the pathway of light passing through the eye to the retina?

cornea, anterior chamber, pupil, posterior chamber, lens, posterior cavity, retina Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Sensory Receptors and the Eye

Approximately 70% of sensory receptors in the body are concentrated in the eyes.
Adult eyes measure about 1 inch in diameter.
Extrinsic eye muscles, eyelids, conjunctiva, and lacrimal apparatus compose the exterior structures of the eye.
The anterior part of the eye is protected by eyelids that meet at the medial and lateral canthi.
The space between the eyelids in an open position is called the palpebral fissure.

Eyelid Structure and Function

Projections from the border of each eyelid are called eyelashes.
Modified sebaceous glands located at the eyelid edges secrete an oil that lubricates the eyes.
Modified sweat glands situated between the eyelashes have ducts opening at the follicle bases.

Tear Production and Function

The lacrimal caruncle, found on the medial aspect of each eye, produces an oily secretion for lubrication.
The lacrimal apparatus consists of the lacrimal gland and ducts, draining tears into the nasal cavity.
Lacrimal glands continuously release a saline solution (tears) onto the eyeball's surface.
Lysozyme, an enzyme found in tears, destroys bacteria.

Conjunctivitis and Eye Muscles

Inflammation of the conjunctiva, known as conjunctivitis, can be highly contagious and caused by bacteria or viruses.
There are six extrinsic muscles that facilitate gross eye movements and tracking of moving objects.

Anatomy of the Eyeball

The eyeball is hollow, with three tunics forming its walls and filled with fluids known as humors.
The anterior chamber of the eye is separated from the posterior chamber by the lens, which is the primary focusing structure.
Three layers (tunics) of the eyeball are: fibrous, vascular, and sensory (retina).

Fibrous Layer

The outermost layer consists of the protective sclera and transparent cornea.
The sclera appears as the “white of the eye,” while the cornea serves as the clear front part, highly innervated and vulnerable to damage.

Vascular Layer (Uvea)

The middle layer contains the choroid, which is the most posterior and blood-rich, preventing light scattering.
The ciliary body, attached to the lens via the suspensory ligament, regulates light entering the eye.
The iris, made of smooth muscle fibers, functions like a camera diaphragm to control light passage.

Retina and Photoreception

The innermost sensory layer of the eye consists of a two-layered retina that extends to the ciliary body.
The retinal structure includes a pigmented outer layer that absorbs light, preventing scattering, and acts as a phagocyte for receptor cells.
Photoreceptors (rods and cones) respond to light; rods detect dim light and provide peripheral vision, while cones allow for color vision in bright light conditions.

Neural Pathway and Vision Conditions

Electrical signals generated by photoreceptors travel through a two-neuron chain in the retina.
The blind spot is the region lacking photoreceptors where the optic nerve exits the eye.
Night vision difficulties due to rod disruption are called nyctalopia, indicating the importance of Vitamin A for photoreceptor function.

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Description

Test your knowledge about the five senses that help us interact with the external world. This quiz will cover the details of each sense and their functions in perception. Explore how these senses are essential for our daily experiences.