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Questions and Answers
Which of the following statements about Kingdom Monera is true?
Which of the following statements about Kingdom Monera is true?
- Kingdom Monera includes only multicellular organisms.
- Bacteria are the sole members of Kingdom Monera. (correct)
- Organisms in Monera are primarily found in aquatic environments.
- All members of Monera have a complex cellular structure.
What significant change occurred in the classification of organisms within Kingdom Protista?
What significant change occurred in the classification of organisms within Kingdom Protista?
- All members of Protista have no cell walls.
- Organisms previously placed in different kingdoms were reclassified together. (correct)
- Paramoecium and Amoeba were grouped with other prokaryotic organisms.
- Chlamydomonas and Chlorella were moved to Kingdom Plantae.
Which characteristic is NOT mentioned as a criterion for the current classification system?
Which characteristic is NOT mentioned as a criterion for the current classification system?
- Coloration patterns (correct)
- Physiological similarities
- Reproductive similarities
- Morphological similarities
Where can bacteria from Kingdom Monera survive?
Where can bacteria from Kingdom Monera survive?
Which kingdoms will be discussed separately in the following chapters?
Which kingdoms will be discussed separately in the following chapters?
Which characteristic is true for heterocysts found in some cyanobacteria?
Which characteristic is true for heterocysts found in some cyanobacteria?
What role do chemosynthetic autotrophic bacteria play in the environment?
What role do chemosynthetic autotrophic bacteria play in the environment?
What is the primary method of reproduction for bacteria?
What is the primary method of reproduction for bacteria?
Which of the following statements is true about the Mycoplasma?
Which of the following statements is true about the Mycoplasma?
What impact do heterotrophic bacteria have on the environment and human affairs?
What impact do heterotrophic bacteria have on the environment and human affairs?
Which of the following kingdoms has prokaryotic cell types?
Which of the following kingdoms has prokaryotic cell types?
Which nutritional mode is associated with fungi?
Which nutritional mode is associated with fungi?
What type of body organization is typical for plant kingdom?
What type of body organization is typical for plant kingdom?
Which kingdom is known for having a cell wall made of cellulose?
Which kingdom is known for having a cell wall made of cellulose?
In which kingdom would you find organisms that are both autotrophic and heterotrophic?
In which kingdom would you find organisms that are both autotrophic and heterotrophic?
Which of the following kingdoms lacks a nuclear membrane?
Which of the following kingdoms lacks a nuclear membrane?
Which kingdom is exclusively composed of eukaryotic organisms?
Which kingdom is exclusively composed of eukaryotic organisms?
Which mode of nutrition includes chemosynthetic processes?
Which mode of nutrition includes chemosynthetic processes?
What is the function of pseudopodia in amoeboid protozoans?
What is the function of pseudopodia in amoeboid protozoans?
What distinguishes flagellated protozoans from other groups?
What distinguishes flagellated protozoans from other groups?
Which of the following protozoans is known to cause sleeping sickness?
Which of the following protozoans is known to cause sleeping sickness?
What defines sporozoans in the context of their life cycle?
What defines sporozoans in the context of their life cycle?
Which of the following is a unicellular fungus used in baking and brewing?
Which of the following is a unicellular fungus used in baking and brewing?
Which group within Kingdom Fungi is characterized by the formation of spore structures that can be both sexual and asexual?
Which group within Kingdom Fungi is characterized by the formation of spore structures that can be both sexual and asexual?
What is the primary nutritional mode of members in Kingdom Animalia?
What is the primary nutritional mode of members in Kingdom Animalia?
Which of the following best describes the life cycle of plants in terms of generational alternation?
Which of the following best describes the life cycle of plants in terms of generational alternation?
Which class of Protozoa is characterized by the presence of pseudopodia for movement and feeding?
Which class of Protozoa is characterized by the presence of pseudopodia for movement and feeding?
Which of the following is NOT included in the five kingdom system of classification?
Which of the following is NOT included in the five kingdom system of classification?
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Study Notes
###Â Five Kingdom Classification System
- The five kingdom system is a classification system that groups living organisms into five kingdoms - Monera, Protista, Fungi, Plantae, and Animalia.
- Monera: Includes all prokaryotic organisms, which lack a defined nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles.
- Protista: Includes all single-celled eukaryotes, which have defined nuclei and other membrane-bound organelles.
- Fungi: Includes eukaryotic, heterotrophic organisms that are mostly saprophytic (decomposers) and obtain nutrients by external digestion.
- Plantae: Includes all eukaryotic, chlorophyll-containing organisms that can perform photosynthesis.
- Animalia: Includes all eukaryotic, multicellular organisms that lack cell walls and obtain nutrients by ingesting other organisms (holozoic nutrition).
Monera
- Monera includes bacteria and cyanobacteria.
- Bacteria are ubiquitous, found in various habitats like soil, water, and even extreme environments.
- Cyanobacteria are photosynthetic and are also known as blue-green algae.
- Some cyanobacteria can capture atmospheric nitrogen for their growth.
- Bacteria play significant roles in nutrient cycling and decomposition.
- Some bacteria are involved in various human activities, including food production (e.g., curd) and antibiotic production.
- Some bacteria are pathogens, causing diseases like cholera, typhoid, and tetanus.
Protista
- Protista includes a diverse group of single-celled eukaryotes, including algae, protozoa, and slime molds.
- Algae are diverse and carry out photosynthesis.
- Protozoans are heterotrophic and obtain nutrients by ingesting other organisms. Protozoans include four major groups: amoeboid protozoans, flagellated protozoans, ciliated protozoans, and sporozoans.
Fungi
- Fungi are heterotrophic, multicellular organisms, except for yeast.
- Most fungi are saprophytic and obtain nutrients by decomposing organic matter.
- Some fungi are parasitic, causing diseases in plants and animals.
- Fungi are used in various human activities, such as bread-making and beer brewing.
###Â Economic Importance
- Heterotrophic bacteria are involved in various processes like food production (e.g., curd), decomposition, and antibiotic production.
- Archaebacteria are extremophiles and can survive in extreme conditions, having potential applications in biotechnology.
Phycobiont and Mycobiont
- Phycobiont refers to the algal component of a lichen which provides food through photosynthesis.
- Mycobiont refers to the fungal component of a lichen, being responsible for providing shelter and absorbing water.
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