Fisiología Final del Cuerpo Humano

Fisiología Final

• Células: Most cells (except adipocytes) are composed of water, microfilaments, and secretory vesicles.
• Vitamina A: Stored in the pigmented layer.
• Fase Mitótica: The first phase is called prophase.
• Neurotransmisor Inhibitorio: GABA (gamma-aminobutírico acid) is the primary inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain.
• Fibras Intrafusales: Their primary function is maintaining muscle tone.
• Potencial de Membrana (Conos y Bastones): -40 mV
• Huso Muscular: Function is to determine muscle length and velocity.
• Dolor Referido: Results from a mix of visceral and somatic (skin) pain fiber activation, localized in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord.
• Terminación Intrafusal Primaria: Responds to changes in muscle length.
• Glucocáliz: Carbohydrate chains on the outer surface of cells.
• Neuralgia del Trigémino: Characterized by paroxysmal facial pain triggered by touch or cold.
• Fotoreceptor Adaptación: Rods have superior adaptation to darkness.
• Sistema Reticular Pontino: Excitatory in the axial musculature.
• Daltonismo: Red-green color blindness is X-linked and predominantly affects males.
• Órganos del Equilibrio: Utricle, saccule, and semicircular canals.
• Rodopsina: An activated form of rhodopsin.
• Lóbulo Floculonodular: Plays a role in dynamic equilibrium.
• Potencial de membrana (Conos y Bastones): -60 mV.
• SARA (Sistema Activador Reticular Ascendente): Located between the midbrain and pons.
• Neurotransmisor (Retina): Glutamate.
• Amplificación de Señales: Divergence within a neuronal pathway.
• Daltonismo: Color vision deficiency.
• Receptores del Dolor: Often categorized as free nerve endings.
• Sistema Reticular Bulbar: Inhibits axial musculature.
• Glucagón: Regulates its release.
• Células de Leydig: Responsible for testosterone secretion.
• Células de Sertoli: Support spermatogenesis.
• Ovocito Primario: Immature egg cell.
• Secreción de Vesículas Seminales: Fructose, citric acid, prostaglandins, and fibrinogen.
• Citocinesis: Process of cytoplasm division.
• Despolarización Muscular: Occurs through sodium ion movement.
• Síntesis de Acetilcolina: Occurs within the nerve terminal cytosol.
• Potencial de Acción (Fibras Nerviosas): Positive feedback loop of sodium channels.
• Contracción Muscular Llisa: Characterized by a spike, plateau, and slow on-off rhythm.
• Hormona (Células Beta): Insulin.
• Hormona (Células Alfa): Glucagon.
• Función de Glucagón: Stimulates glucose release.
• Función de Insulina: Promotes glucose uptake.
• Entrada de Glucosa: Crosses the cell membrane.