Fisheries Professional Licensure Exam Review Class

Study Notes

Habitat includes estuarine environments, mangrove inlets, and shallow brackish waters.
Juvenile tiger prawns thrive in tropical temperatures typically between 17-38°C.
Maximum lengths are 33.6 cm for males and 35.0 cm for females, with a weight capacity of 250 g.
Feeding primarily involves predation on benthic macro-invertebrates like small crabs, mollusks, and some fish.

Implementing strict biosecurity measures is essential to prevent disease outbreaks among shrimp stocks.
Standard Operating Procedures (SOP) include:
- Establishment of a separate spawner/broodstock facility for pathogen detection and quarantine.
- Use of 200 ppm chlorine solution for thorough disinfection of facilities and equipment.
- Installation of individual aeration lines and separate materials for each tank to avoid cross-contamination.
- Only authorized personnel allowed in hatchery; use of gloves recommended to prevent contamination.

Diatom Culture (Skeletonema sp.):
- Indoor culture requires UV-sterilized seawater and a mix of fertilizers for optimal growth.
- Outdoor culture uses fertilizers such as urea and ammonium phosphate, expecting a bloom within 3-4 days.
Brine Shrimp (Artemia) Culture:
- Cysts are hydrated, disinfected, and incubated in UV-sterilized seawater for 24 hours before harvesting.

Selection and Processing of Spawners:
- Spawners require acclimatization and disinfection with 50 ppm povidone-iodine.
- Gonadal maturity checked via lighting during transfer to spawning tanks.
- Eyestalk ablation necessary for female prawns to trigger maturity; performed on healthy, hard-shelled individuals.

Surgery method options include pinching, ligation, cautery, and cutting, with preference for the pinching method due to less stress and faster healing.
Post-ablation, prawns may spawn within three days, with a maximum mortality rate acceptable at 10%.

Post-spawning, eggs are harvested and subjected to a disinfection process using povidone-iodine.
Rinsing and stocking in clean, aerated tanks enhance hatching.

Nauplii should be processed from PCR-negative spawners to avoid pathogen transmission.
Habitat acclimatization occurs before transferring them to hatchery tanks.

Regular water changes initiated post-metamorphosis, starting at 10% for PL 1 and increasing up to 50% as growth progresses.
Daily health monitoring and bacterial analyses conducted to detect diseases.

Harvesting procedures minimize stress on postlarvae; involves controlled water reduction and collection in prepared harvesting nets.
Postlarvae are concentrated and transferred to UV-sterilized seawater for packing and distribution.

Harvested fry placed in aerated basins; density evaluated for transport needs.
Double polyethylene bags used for transport to maintain oxygen levels and manage water temperature, especially for long journeys.