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Questions and Answers
What is a primary focus of the responsible party thesis?
What is a primary focus of the responsible party thesis?
According to electoral competition theory, what is the defining characteristic of parties?
According to electoral competition theory, what is the defining characteristic of parties?
Which of the following is NOT one of the four criteria for responsible parties?
Which of the following is NOT one of the four criteria for responsible parties?
How do ambitious elites influence political parties according to ambition theory?
How do ambitious elites influence political parties according to ambition theory?
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What is one challenge faced by parties as diverse coalitions?
What is one challenge faced by parties as diverse coalitions?
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What role does competition play in a healthy democracy according to the electoral competition model?
What role does competition play in a healthy democracy according to the electoral competition model?
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In the context of responsible party thesis, how do parties serve voters?
In the context of responsible party thesis, how do parties serve voters?
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Why is electoral competition deemed necessary by the rational choice model?
Why is electoral competition deemed necessary by the rational choice model?
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What does Madison believe is the best model of government?
What does Madison believe is the best model of government?
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What is the primary purpose of representation in Madison's view of an extended republic?
What is the primary purpose of representation in Madison's view of an extended republic?
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What is a challenge faced by government according to the content?
What is a challenge faced by government according to the content?
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What mechanism does the Constitution provide to prevent the concentration of powers in one department?
What mechanism does the Constitution provide to prevent the concentration of powers in one department?
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How does Madison suggest that ambition can help prevent abuses of government?
How does Madison suggest that ambition can help prevent abuses of government?
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What issue did the framers of the Constitution not foresee as significant?
What issue did the framers of the Constitution not foresee as significant?
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What is the primary purpose of checks and balances in government?
What is the primary purpose of checks and balances in government?
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What does the term 'compound republic' refer to in the context of American government?
What does the term 'compound republic' refer to in the context of American government?
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What does Madison suggest about the effects of extending the sphere in a republic?
What does Madison suggest about the effects of extending the sphere in a republic?
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What is the danger associated with party factions as mentioned in the content?
What is the danger associated with party factions as mentioned in the content?
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What does Madison indicate as the greatest reflection on human nature?
What does Madison indicate as the greatest reflection on human nature?
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What is a benefit of the extended republic as described?
What is a benefit of the extended republic as described?
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What significant issue was addressed during the First Congress?
What significant issue was addressed during the First Congress?
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What did Washington believe about political parties?
What did Washington believe about political parties?
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How do horizontal and vertical divisions of power function in government?
How do horizontal and vertical divisions of power function in government?
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What does the phrase 'double security' imply in the context of government?
What does the phrase 'double security' imply in the context of government?
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Which demographic groups are primarily associated with the Democratic Party?
Which demographic groups are primarily associated with the Democratic Party?
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What has contributed to the ideological consistency of parties in recent elections?
What has contributed to the ideological consistency of parties in recent elections?
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During which period did the decline of party influence begin?
During which period did the decline of party influence begin?
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What has changed in voter identification trends in recent years?
What has changed in voter identification trends in recent years?
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Which factor is NOT associated with the decline of party influence?
Which factor is NOT associated with the decline of party influence?
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In which region do the Republicans predominantly find their base?
In which region do the Republicans predominantly find their base?
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What is a significant outcome of party decline on elections?
What is a significant outcome of party decline on elections?
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What is the primary argument of the party decline thesis?
What is the primary argument of the party decline thesis?
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What were the goals of the Republican Party in the South during the Post-Reconstruction era?
What were the goals of the Republican Party in the South during the Post-Reconstruction era?
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What was a significant outcome of the 1876 Election?
What was a significant outcome of the 1876 Election?
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Which group took control of southern states after the Compromise of 1877?
Which group took control of southern states after the Compromise of 1877?
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What characterized the initial response of the Federal government to southern resistance during Reconstruction?
What characterized the initial response of the Federal government to southern resistance during Reconstruction?
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What impact did the rise of Yellow Dog Democrats have on the Democratic Party?
What impact did the rise of Yellow Dog Democrats have on the Democratic Party?
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What was a key feature of the southern strategy by Republican delegates from 1880 to 1928?
What was a key feature of the southern strategy by Republican delegates from 1880 to 1928?
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What factor contributed to the fracturing of the Republican Party during Reconstruction?
What factor contributed to the fracturing of the Republican Party during Reconstruction?
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What was the primary reason for the withdrawal of federal troops from the South?
What was the primary reason for the withdrawal of federal troops from the South?
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What led to the enduring support for the Democratic Party in the South post-Reconstruction?
What led to the enduring support for the Democratic Party in the South post-Reconstruction?
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Which group was known for its influence in Republican politics post-Reconstruction?
Which group was known for its influence in Republican politics post-Reconstruction?
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Study Notes
First Party System & Antiparty Tradition
- The first US Congress dealt with the question of Federal power
- During the first Congress, members lacked party affiliations and dealt with critical issues such as the Residency Act (1790)
- During the Reconstruction Era, the Southern resistance to Reconstruction led to the rise of Scalawags and Carpetbaggers, which fueled divisions within the Republican party
- Southern Democrats maintained a strong hold over the South, even after the Reconstruction Era ended.
- The 1876 election (Hayes vs Tilden) saw no clear winner in the Electoral College and was settled through the Electoral Commission and Compromise of 1877
- During the period following the end of Reconstruction (1876), southern delegates continued to hold significant influence within the Republican party, despite the party lacking a competitive presence in the South
- Republican Party dominance in the third party system is attributed to it having a base in the North, and having been shaped by Radical Republicans who set the agenda
- Democrats were weakened during this period, as Reconstruction alienated southerners and led to the creation of a strong Democratic base in the South. This resulted in the rise of the Yellow Dog Democrats.
Fourth Party System and Nationalized Parties
- The Fourth party system saw a shift in political ideologies, with the Democrats becoming the liberal party and the Republicans becoming the conservative party
- Democrats dominated the Northeast, Rust Belt, and Western states, while Republicans dominated the South, Southwest, and Great Plains regions.
- Parties became more ideologically consistent, leading to greater political divides
- The theory of party decline suggests that parties are becoming less relevant to voters and have lost influence due to factors such as: candidate-centered campaigns, the rise of Political Action Committees (PACs), and progressive reforms
- Although the theory of party decline states that parties declined in influence during the Fourth Party System, this decline is suggested to have paused during the Great Depression, and resumed again during the Sixth Party System.
- The theory of Party Decline argues that parties are losing influence: citing the rise of independent voters who are not affiliated with any particular party
- There is debate whether the trend of party decline is accurate or whether it is simply the case that parties are developing and adapting to political change.
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Description
Explore the dynamics of the first US Congress and the evolution of political parties in America. Delve into the impacts of the Reconstruction Era and the complexities of Southern Democrats and the Republican party. Understand the significance of the 1876 election and its aftermath in shaping party affiliation and power struggles.
