The Numbered Treaties

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Questions and Answers

Which principle is foundational in First Nations gatherings where oral history is used to recall events of the past?

Treaty-making

Responsibility and protocol (correct)

Coexistence

Respect and reciprocity

For what did the early Treaties among First Nations provide frameworks?

Inter-tribal trade alliances

Peace and friendship

Access to shared resources

Coexistence (correct)

Which inter-tribal nation-to-nation Treaty is one of the earliest known North American Treaties?

Great Binding Law

Council of Three Fires

Wabanaki Confederacy

Dish With One Spoon Treaty (correct)

What were the foundational principles that resulted in tribal alliances among nations?

Respect and reciprocity Signup and view all the answers

What were the Numbered Treaties used for in Western Canada?

Securing alliances Signup and view all the answers

Between which parties were the Numbered Treaties in Western Canada made?

First Nations peoples and the Crown (Canada) Signup and view all the answers

What were the Numbered Treaties used for in Western Canada?

Securing alliances Signup and view all the answers

Are the Numbered Treaties still relevant today?

Yes Signup and view all the answers

What was the purpose of the Numbered Treaties for First Nations peoples?

To establish peaceful alliances with the Crown Signup and view all the answers

What was the First Nations' understanding of the Royal Proclamation of 1763?

Recognition of First Nations as nations with their own territories Signup and view all the answers

What was the goal of the newly confederated Canada in making treaties with First Nations?

To bring territories like Rupert's Land and the North-West Territory into Confederation Signup and view all the answers

What did First Nations peoples expect in exchange for sharing their lands with the Crown?

The Crown's bounty and benevolence Signup and view all the answers

What did the Numbered Treaties make possible for Canada?

Connecting the east to the west from sea to sea Signup and view all the answers

What was the First Nations' understanding of Treaty making in 1871?

Establishing kinship relationships and incorporating established protocols Signup and view all the answers

What were the Numbered Treaties in the Prairie provinces also about?

Dealing with urgent practical matters of the day Signup and view all the answers

What did Legal scholar Aimée Craft state in her book?

The Crown made Treaty with the First Nations to guarantee peace and acquire land Signup and view all the answers

Why did the Crown need to make Treaty with the First Nations?

To acquire land for settlement Signup and view all the answers

Which event commemorated the 250th anniversary of the Treaty of Niagara?

The retelling of historical relations at a gathering Signup and view all the answers

What did the First Nations use to verify their commitments to the terms of the Treaty?

Pipes with long pipe stems Signup and view all the answers

What was the purpose of the Treaty-making diplomacy between First Nations and European Newcomers?

To strengthen alliances Signup and view all the answers

Why was there a gap in the making of the Numbered Treaties between 1877 and 1899?

The Canadian government prioritized agricultural settlement Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the Treaty relations between First Nations and the Newcomers?

First Nations occupied less than three percent of their homeland Signup and view all the answers

What did the early relations between First Nations and European Newcomers involve?

Trade, military, and alliance agreements Signup and view all the answers

What was the role of Elders and Knowledge Keepers in Treaty relationships?

To recall events of the past through oral history Signup and view all the answers

What did the First Nations view Treatymaking with Newcomers as an extension of?

Nation-to-nation Treaties among First Nations Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

First Nations' Treaty-making History and the Numbered Treaties

First Nations' gatherings use oral history to recall past events and understand their current situation.
Early Treaties among First Nations included frameworks for coexistence and incorporated their beliefs, values, and laws.
Examples of early inter-tribal Treaties include the Dish With One Spoon Treaty and the Great Binding Law.
Respect and reciprocity were foundational principles that led to tribal alliances among nations.
Treaty-making was historically used for inter-tribal trade alliances, peace, friendship, safe passage, and access to shared resources.
The Numbered Treaties in Western Canada were made between 1871 and 1921 to secure alliances and achieve goals for both parties.
The Treaty of Niagara, commemorated in 2014, highlighted historical relations and commitments recorded on wampum belts.
Elders and Knowledge Keepers play a central role in making and renewing Treaty relationships.
First Nations' Treaty-making history in Western Canada contributed to nation-building for present-day Canada.
First Nations viewed Treatymaking with newcomers as an extension of the nation-to-nation Treaties they created with each other.
The influx of settlement and competing interests necessitated strategic alliances for First Nations.
The Numbered Treaties were seen as a way to solidify a peaceful and enduring kinship relationship with the Crown.

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Test your knowledge on First Nations gatherings, oral history, and the principles of responsibility and protocol. Learn about the important role of oral tradition in recalling historical events and understanding the present. Explore the frameworks for relationships and coexistence provided by early Treaties: https://www.canadashistory.ca/explore/settlement-immigration/the-numbered-treaties

The Numbered Treaties

Podcast Beta

Questions and Answers

Which principle is foundational in First Nations gatherings where oral history is used to recall events of the past?

For what did the early Treaties among First Nations provide frameworks?

Which inter-tribal nation-to-nation Treaty is one of the earliest known North American Treaties?

What were the foundational principles that resulted in tribal alliances among nations?

What were the Numbered Treaties used for in Western Canada?

Between which parties were the Numbered Treaties in Western Canada made?

What were the Numbered Treaties used for in Western Canada?

Are the Numbered Treaties still relevant today?

What was the purpose of the Numbered Treaties for First Nations peoples?

What was the First Nations' understanding of the Royal Proclamation of 1763?

What was the goal of the newly confederated Canada in making treaties with First Nations?

What did First Nations peoples expect in exchange for sharing their lands with the Crown?

What did the Numbered Treaties make possible for Canada?

What was the First Nations' understanding of Treaty making in 1871?

What were the Numbered Treaties in the Prairie provinces also about?

What did Legal scholar Aimée Craft state in her book?

Why did the Crown need to make Treaty with the First Nations?

Which event commemorated the 250th anniversary of the Treaty of Niagara?

What did the First Nations use to verify their commitments to the terms of the Treaty?

What was the purpose of the Treaty-making diplomacy between First Nations and European Newcomers?

Why was there a gap in the making of the Numbered Treaties between 1877 and 1899?

What was the outcome of the Treaty relations between First Nations and the Newcomers?

What did the early relations between First Nations and European Newcomers involve?

What was the role of Elders and Knowledge Keepers in Treaty relationships?

What did the First Nations view Treatymaking with Newcomers as an extension of?

Study Notes

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