First Battle of Bull Run in the Civil War

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What caused the Union soldiers to retreat in an orderly manner from the battlefield?

The civilians' wagons blocked their escape route

They were overcome by panic and chaos

They were disheartened by the casualties

Confederate counterattack on their right flank (correct)

What was the immediate consequence of the Union soldiers reaching Washington after the battle?

They celebrated their victory

They quickly reorganized for another battle

They pursued the retreating Confederates

The city was on edge in fear of a Confederate attack (correct)

Which key change did President Lincoln make immediately after the battle?

Recruited 500,000 more men for three-year enlistments (correct)

Appointed General McClellan as the new President

Increased the casualties rate among Union soldiers

Signed a peace treaty with the Confederacy

What was the casualty rate percentage for Beauregard and Johnston's armies in the First Battle of Bull Run?

6.5% Signup and view all the answers

Why did both sides realize that the war would be much more difficult and bloodier than anticipated?

After seeing the casualties at Bull Run battlefield Signup and view all the answers

Who was appointed as the new commander of the Army of Northeastern Virginia after General McDowell was removed?

General George B. McClellan Signup and view all the answers

What led to panic, chaos, and then a rout after the First Battle of Bull Run?

The clogging of the road to Washington by civilian wagons Signup and view all the answers

What was one of the key consequences of the First Battle of Bull Run on President Lincoln's actions?

He called for the recruitment of additional soldiers Signup and view all the answers

What significant change did General McDowell face after the First Battle of Bull Run?

He was removed from command of the Army of Northeastern Virginia Signup and view all the answers

Why did Jefferson Davis call for another 500,000 volunteers for three-year enlistments?

To prepare for a longer and more difficult war than anticipated Signup and view all the answers

What characterized the Army of Northern Virginia under Robert E. Lee's command in May 1862?

It was far larger and much better trained than at Bull Run Signup and view all the answers

What effect did casualties at Bull Run have on both sides' perceptions of the war?

They made both sides aware that the war would be more challenging than expected Signup and view all the answers

Why did both Lincoln and Davis call for additional volunteers after Bull Run?

To fortify their positions and prepare for a longer conflict than expected Signup and view all the answers

What led to the disorganization and disheartenment of the Union soldiers upon retreating to Washington after the First Battle of Bull Run?

Roads blocked by civilians' wagons on the way to Washington Signup and view all the answers

Why did Jefferson Davis hope that the victory at Bull Run might convince foreign nations to ally with the Confederacy?

To gain economic support for the Confederacy Signup and view all the answers

What did the casualties at the First Battle of Bull Run primarily reveal to both sides involved in the conflict?

The underestimation of the war's intensity Signup and view all the answers

How did President Lincoln respond immediately after realizing the need for a longer and more challenging war?

Called for additional volunteer enlistments Signup and view all the answers

What significant change in leadership occurred after General McDowell was removed from command following the First Battle of Bull Run?

Major General McClellan was appointed to lead the Union Army Signup and view all the answers

What key objective did President Lincoln aim to achieve by reorganizing and properly training the Union army at Washington?

To prepare for a longer and more challenging war Signup and view all the answers

How did Major General McClellan's approach differ from that of General McDowell in preparing the Union army for combat?

McClellan focused on intensive military drills and discipline Signup and view all the answers

What impact did the casualties at Bull Run have on both President Lincoln and Jefferson Davis?

Made them realize the war's challenges and duration Signup and view all the answers

What was Jefferson Davis' primary hope behind celebrating and boosting morale following the victory at Bull Run?

To secure economic or military support from foreign nations Signup and view all the answers

What role did Robert E. Lee assume after taking command of the Army of Northern Virginia in May 1862?

He became one of the most prominent Confederate generals in history Signup and view all the answers