38 Questions
What should you eliminate to prevent an ammonia accident?
Heat and ignition sources
What type of signs should be posted in an area where ammonia is handled?
No Smoking
What should you do with a leaking ammonia container?
Turn the container so that gas escapes rather than liquefied gas
What should you use to move cylinders?
A suitable hand truck
In what type of area should ammonia be stored?
A cool, dry area away from heat and ignition sources
What is the recommended way to contain an ammonia spill?
All of the above
What should you do before welding or performing hot work on an empty container?
Remove all traces of the product before performing hot work
What should you do with the cylinder when not in use or empty?
Close it tightly
What is the recommended action if symptoms of gas exposure persist?
See a medical professional
What is the effect of liquefied gas on the skin?
It irritates or burns the skin
What should you do if clothing sticks to the skin after liquefied gas exposure?
Cut around the clothing carefully
What is a potential long-term effect of severe short-term gas exposure?
Long-term damage
What should you do if the skin is frozen due to liquefied gas exposure?
Do not remove frozen clothing
What is the primary concern when attempting to rescue a victim on the ice?
Ensuring the ice is not rapidly breaking
What is the effect of liquefied gas on the eyes?
It irritates or burns the eyes
What should you do if someone has inhaled liquefied gas?
Quickly remove them from the source of contamination
What should you do when approaching a child on the ice?
Approach the child slowly and establish eye contact
What is a common problem in ice rescue situations?
Both A and B
What should you do when assessing a child's understanding of what you've said?
Pause to find out if they understand
Why should you not attempt to rescue a victim on the ice alone?
It's a dangerous situation for the rescuer
What should you do if someone's skin has been contaminated with liquefied gas?
Gently remove clothing and jewelry, and wash the area with soap and water
What should you do if you encounter a life-threatening problem during assessment?
Quickly determine the problem and care for it immediately
Why should you not actively rewarm a severely hypothermic patient?
It can cause further harm
What should you do to offer comfort to a child during an emergency situation?
Stroke their forehead or hold their hands
What is the primary objective when dealing with a suspected case of child abuse?
Collect information and perform assessments without judgment
What is the primary mechanism of injury in shaken-baby syndrome?
Whiplash-type injuries from acceleration-deceleration
What is the most common cause of death in children between 1 to 18 years of age?
Motor-vehicle crashes
Why is it essential to suspect child injury in any vehicle crash?
All of the above
What is the primary goal when responding to a SIDS case?
Start emergency care as if the patient were in cardiac arrest
What is a common mistake made when using safety seats?
All of the above
What type of abuse can seriously affect a child's emotional development, well-being, and self-esteem?
Psychological abuse
What is the primary goal when dealing with a pediatric patient who may be a victim of abuse?
To collect information and perform assessments without judgment
Who is responsible for reporting suspected cases of abuse or neglect?
Mandated reporters, such as teachers and social workers
What should you prioritize when dealing with a suspected case of child abuse?
Collect information and perform assessments without judgment
What is the primary concern when managing trauma emergencies?
Providing immediate emergency care
What is the age range for which SIDS is most common?
1-2 years
Who should be notified when responding to a SIDS case?
Ambulance personnel, medical direction, and social services
What is a common side effect of live vaccines, such as DPT and MMR?
Fever
Study Notes
Accidental Release Measures for Ammonia
- Personal Precautions: Evacuate the area immediately, isolate the hazard area, and keep out unnecessary and unprotected personnel.
- Use personal protective equipment as required, eliminate ignition sources, and increase ventilation to the area or move the leaking container to a well-ventilated and secure area.
- Suitable Extinguishing Media: Carbon dioxide, dry chemical powder, appropriate foam, water spray, or fog.
- Do not use near welding operations or other high energy sources.
Containment and Clean-up
- Knock down gas with fog or fine water spray, do not direct water at spill or source.
- If possible, turn leaking container so that gas escapes rather than liquefied gas.
- Dike spilled product to prevent runoff.
Storage
- Store in an area that is: cool, dry, out of direct sunlight, and away from heat and ignition sources.
- Store in an approved, fire-resistant area, separate from incompatible materials, secure and separate from work areas.
Disaster Nursing
Ice-Related Incidents
- Unless trained to work on ice, do not attempt rescue.
- Never attempt ice rescue by yourself.
- Approach slowly, establish eye contact, and ask permission to get closer.
- Throw a line to the victim or reach out with a stick or pole.
Caring for the Pediatric Patient
- Characteristics of Infants and Children: approach slowly, establish eye contact, ask permission to get closer.
- Let them know someone will call their parents.
- Get down at eye level with the child, let them see your face and expressions, and speak directly to them.
- Quickly determine any life-threatening problems and care for them immediately.
Pediatric Emergency Cases
- Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS): sudden unexplained death of an apparently healthy baby during sleep, most common in the first year of life but can occur in children as old as two years.
- Causes and theories still being investigated.
Managing Trauma Emergencies
- Trauma is the number one cause of death in people 1 to 18 years of age.
- Suspected Abuse and Neglect: physical, emotional, or sexual mistreatment of another person.
- Abuse: serious emergency, collect information, perform assessments, provide care without judgment or expression of suspicion.
Suspected Abuse and Neglect
- Psychological abuse: emotional or verbal abuse that seriously affects a child's positive emotional development, well-being, and self-esteem.
- Shaken-baby syndrome: abuser violently shakes infant or small child, creating whiplash-type acceleration-deceleration injuries.
Safety Seats
- Many safety seats are not installed correctly, and children are often not secured properly by safety straps/harnesses.
- Any vehicle crash should lead you to suspect the child has been injured.
This quiz covers the symptoms and first aid procedures in case of gas exposure. Learn about the warning signs and what to do in an emergency situation.
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