First Aid & CPR Ch. 1-3 Flashcards

Questions and Answers

A scream and a loud explosion is normally a sign that an emergency exists.

True

Why is checking the scene so important?

To ensure safety, identify what happened, assess the number of injured, and see if others can help.

What are the steps to follow in an emergency?

Check, Call, Care

What does SAM stand for and why is it important?

SAM stands for Signs and Symptoms, Allergies, and Medications and Medical Conditions. Signup and view all the answers

Consent is when a conscious person asks for and accepts help.

True Signup and view all the answers

Consent to give first aid must be obtained from every victim who is:

all of the above Signup and view all the answers

For which injury or illness should you call 9-1-1 or the local emergency number?

The person has trouble breathing without coughing. Signup and view all the answers

If the unresponsive victim is breathing, what is the best position to put them in?

on their back Signup and view all the answers

If a person is unconscious and starts to throw up, what should you do?

put them in the recovery position. Signup and view all the answers

Medical identification tags can help the first aid responder identify:

allergies, medication, and medical history Signup and view all the answers

By following standard precautions to protect yourself and the injured or ill person, you will:

Minimize the risk of disease transmission. Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of Good Samaritan Laws?

To help protect those who voluntarily give care without accepting anything in return. Signup and view all the answers

One should call 9-1-1 immediately if they see a 12 year old child go unconscious.

True Signup and view all the answers

To clean up a blood spill, one can use a gallon of a mixture that is 1 part peroxide to 9 parts water.

False Signup and view all the answers

If you see a child go unresponsive, what should the rescuer do?

Call 911, then provide assistance. Signup and view all the answers

What should you do if the person does not give you consent?

Do not give care, instead call 9-1-1 or the local emergency number. Signup and view all the answers

When should an unresponsive victim be placed on the side?

When the victim starts to vomit or when you have to leave the victim alone. Signup and view all the answers

"Special needs" includes children, older adults, persons with disabilities, and persons who speak a different language than your own.

True Signup and view all the answers

What is an important first step you can take to prepare for an emergency?

Reading the manual and participating in an American Red Cross First Aid/CPR/AED course. Signup and view all the answers

First aid is intended to:

provide temporary assistance until competent medical care, if needed, is obtained. Signup and view all the answers

What precautions should you take when speaking to an older injured or ill person?

Speak loudly and clearly, avoid rushing, and address the person formally. Signup and view all the answers

What should you do if you see a woman collapse in front of you?

Call or have someone else call 9-1-1 or the local emergency number. Signup and view all the answers

If you see a person drowning, you should always jump in the water to save them.

False Signup and view all the answers

Properly applied first aid may mean the difference between life and death.

True Signup and view all the answers

If the victim is unresponsive, what is the term used for implied permission to give first aid?

implied consent. Signup and view all the answers

By using personal protective equipment, how do you protect yourself and the injured or ill person?

Minimizing the risk of disease transmission. Signup and view all the answers

What should you do when checking a conscious person?

Get consent to give care, ask questions, do not touch or move painful/injured areas. Signup and view all the answers

What are some reasons why someone may not help during an emergency?

They assume others will act, they panic, they fear catching a disease. Signup and view all the answers

How long should you check for breathing?

No more than 10 seconds. Signup and view all the answers

What do you NOT do when performing CPR?

Bend your elbows to perform CPR. Signup and view all the answers

When performing adult CPR, how many compressions should be given?

<ol start="30"> <li></li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

An AED gives the victim a shock only when:

when the shock button is pushed. Signup and view all the answers

What is compression-only CPR?

It is when the person giving CPR only does chest compressions without breaths. Signup and view all the answers

What is the time length at which brain damage is likely to begin to occur?

4-6 minutes. Signup and view all the answers

Early CPR and early defibrillation can:

Save the lives of more people in cardiac arrest. Signup and view all the answers

What is a good location for an AED?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

What should you do before the AED analyzes the heart rhythm?

Ensure that no one, including you, is touching the person. Signup and view all the answers

Which is the third critical link in the 'chain of survival'?

early defibrillation. Signup and view all the answers

During this video, when was the AED turned on?

As soon as the AED became available. Signup and view all the answers

You should remove any metal jewelry when using an AED device.

False Signup and view all the answers

Brain damage can become irreversible between 8-10 minutes after an individual stops breathing.

True Signup and view all the answers

It is safe to shock a person in cardiac arrest when he or she is lying on a metal surface.

True Signup and view all the answers

Which is the most common abnormal heart rhythm in cases of sudden cardiac arrest in adults?

Ventricular Fibrillation. Signup and view all the answers

Effective chest compressions are characterized by:

They are smooth, steady, down and up rhythm, and fast, about 100 compressions per minute. Signup and view all the answers

About how many cycles of CPR should you perform in 2 minutes?

5 sets. Signup and view all the answers

Where should you place the AED pads?

Upper right side of chest and lower left side of chest. Signup and view all the answers

When preparing an AED for use, what is the first thing you should do?

Turn on the AED. Signup and view all the answers

It is important to follow the links of the Cardiac Chain of Survival because:

It helps improve the chance of survival. Signup and view all the answers

During ventricular fibrillation, the heart:

quivers and cannot pump blood. Signup and view all the answers

Early CPR is important in the Cardiac Chain of Survival because:

It helps circulate blood to vital organs until an AED is ready to use. Signup and view all the answers

Once you have turned on the AED, what should you do next?

Follow all the instructions that the AED gives. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a link in the Cardiac Chain of Survival?

Proper follow up from the emergency room Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to stand clear and not touch the person while the AED is analyzing or defibrillating?

You might prevent the AED from analyzing the heart rhythm properly and could be injured by the shock. Signup and view all the answers

Which method should be used to open the airway of an unresponsive victim?

head-tilt/chin-lift. Signup and view all the answers

One should NOT use an AED on a person with a pacemaker.

False Signup and view all the answers

What does AED stand for?

Automated External Defibrillator. Signup and view all the answers

Cardiovascular disease is the primary cause of cardiac arrest in adults.

True Signup and view all the answers

To clean a person's chest before using the AED pads, you should clean the chest with water or alcohol.

False Signup and view all the answers

While the AED analyzes the victim's heart rhythm, what should you do?

Do not touch the victim. Signup and view all the answers

When a cardiac arrest occurs and an AED becomes available, it should be used as soon as possible.

True Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is true about an automated external defibrillation?

A person's chances of survival is increased by using an AED machine Signup and view all the answers

If the AED pads risk touching each other, what should you do?

Place one pad in the middle of the chest and the other on the back. Signup and view all the answers

If the mask is one size fits all for adults, how can it be adjusted for children?

Rotate so that the narrow end fits over the child's chin. Signup and view all the answers

Responding to a cardiac arrest for a child or an infant is similar to responding to a cardiac arrest for an adult and uses all the skills you have already learned with a few key differences.

True Signup and view all the answers

When giving CPR to an infant, about how deep should you compress the chest?

About 1 1/2 inches. Signup and view all the answers

Causes of cardiac arrest in a child include:

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

When giving rescue breaths to a child, how should you give breaths?

Give a breath lasting about 1 second. Signup and view all the answers

When giving rescue breaths to an infant, what should you do?

Form an airtight seal around the infant's mouth and nose. Signup and view all the answers

Where should you place your hands when giving chest compressions during CPR on an infant?

Compressions are delivered using the encircling thumbs technique, place thumbs side by side on the center of the chest just below the nipple line. Signup and view all the answers

Children up to 4 years old are considered to be infants.

False Signup and view all the answers

The cycle of compressions and breaths in CPR for infants is:

15 compressions, 2 breaths Signup and view all the answers

According to the book, when drowning is the suspected cause of cardiac arrest, the responder should deliver how many initial breaths before starting CPR?

<ol start="2"> <li></li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

What should the rescuer do if they see a child go unresponsive?

Call 911, then provide assistance. Signup and view all the answers

When performing child CPR, at what rate should chest compressions be given?

About 100 compressions per minute. Signup and view all the answers

Which is NOT a cause of cardiac arrest in children?

Over eating Signup and view all the answers

Most cases of cardiac arrest in children are caused by ventricular fibrillation.

False Signup and view all the answers

Use pediatric AED pads for children up to 8 years of age (including infants) or weighing less than 55 pounds, if available.

True Signup and view all the answers

If the required depth cannot be achieved with either the encircling thumb technique or the two-finger technique, which technique would then be considered for infant compressions?

one handed technique. Signup and view all the answers

When providing care to a child, it is essential that you use appropriately sized equipment.

True Signup and view all the answers

When providing care to an adolescent, which technique should you follow?

Adult techniques. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following situations indicates that an infant needs CPR?

The infant is not breathing. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Emergency Situations

A scream and a loud explosion typically indicate an emergency.
Checking the scene ensures personal safety and assesses what has happened.
Knowing the number of injured individuals helps allocate assistance effectively.

First Aid Steps

The essential steps in an emergency: Check, Call, Care.
Obtain consent from adults who are mentally competent and responsive before providing care.
Implied consent applies if a victim is unresponsive.

Good Samaritan Laws protect those who provide care voluntarily.
Always seek consent; if it's refused, only call for emergency help.

Medical Identifications

Medical identification tags provide crucial information about a person's allergies, medications, and medical conditions.

CPR Guidelines

An AED (Automated External Defibrillator) gives a shock only when the button is pressed.
Early CPR and defibrillation increase survival chances in cardiac arrest situations.

CPR for Adults and Children

For adult CPR: 30 compressions should be given at a rate of 100 compressions per minute.
When performing CPR on an infant, compressions should be about 1.5 inches deep and an encircling thumbs technique is recommended.

AED Usage

Place AED pads on the upper right and lower left sides of the chest.
Remove metal jewelry before using an AED, although it is safe to shock someone on a metal surface.

Signs of Cardiac Arrest

Indicators for calling 9-1-1 include difficulty breathing and loss of responsiveness.
Brain damage is likely within 4-6 minutes of cardiac arrest due to lack of oxygen.

Special Considerations

Speak clearly and slowly when assisting older adults; always use formal address.
Children up to 4 years old are not classified as infants; proper techniques and equipment are vital for all age groups.

CPR Techniques

The airway should be opened using a head-tilt/chin-lift maneuver.
Use pediatric AED pads for children under 8 years old or weighing less than 55 pounds.
Initial breaths for suspected drowning cases should be 2 before starting CPR.

General First Aid Knowledge

First aid provides temporary assistance until professional medical help is available.
Proper first aid can be lifesaving and significantly affects outcomes in emergency situations.

Additional Considerations

Ensure you are not touching the victim during AED analysis and defibrillation.
For infants or small children, avoid using techniques that take away proper compression depth; alternative methods exist for their unique needs.

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Description

Test your knowledge of the key concepts from the first three chapters of First Aid & CPR. This quiz includes important definitions and scenarios relevant to emergency response. Ideal for students looking to reinforce their understanding of emergency procedures.