First Aid and Emergency Care Lecture 9: Shock

What is the primary cause of hypovolemic shock?

Which type of shock is caused by gram negative bacteria?

What is the main cause of cardiac output decrease in cardiogenic shock?

What is the effect of neurogenic shock on blood vessels?

What is the most common type of shock?

What is the medical condition characterized by extremely high blood sugar levels and low insulin production?

What is the effect of vasodilatation on blood pressure?

What is the primary cause of anaphylactic shock?

What is the effect of decreased venous return on cardiac output?

What is the primary cause of diabetic coma?

Shock

Hypovolemic shock is caused by decreased fluid volume due to:
- Massive bleeding or hemorrhage
- Severe burns and plasma loss
- Prolonged diarrhea, excessive sweating, or vomiting leading to water loss
Hypovolemic shock leads to decreased venous return, cardiac output, and tissue perfusion

Cardiogenic Shock

Caused by the heart's failure to pump sufficient blood
Results in decreased cardiac output despite normal cardiac filling pressure
Associated with:
- Myocardial infarction
- Arrhythmia
- Pulmonary embolism

Neurogenic Shock

Occurs when the nervous system is damaged, e.g., spinal cord damage or overdose of certain drugs
Results in vasodilation, insufficient blood supply, and reduced systemic blood pressure
Caused by loss of neurogenic tone of blood vessels

Septic Shock

Caused by gram-negative bacteria in the circulating blood
Results in vasodilation, blood stasis, and depressed cardiac function
Early signs include hyperventilation, warm and dry extremities

Anaphylactic Shock

No additional information provided

Diabetic Coma

Caused by extremely high blood sugar levels and low insulin production
A medical emergency requiring prompt treatment

Learn about hypovolemic shock, its causes, and effects on the body. Understand how fluid loss affects venous return, cardiac output, and overall health.