First 20 Elements Flashcards

First 20 Elements Overview

• Hydrogen (H): 1 proton, 1 electron, 0 neutrons
• Helium (He): 2 protons, 2 electrons, 2 neutrons
• Lithium (Li): 3 protons, 3 electrons, 4 neutrons
• Beryllium (Be): 4 protons, 4 electrons, 5 neutrons
• Boron (B): 5 protons, 5 electrons, 6 neutrons
• Carbon (C): 6 protons, 6 electrons, 6 neutrons
• Nitrogen (N): 7 protons, 7 electrons, 7 neutrons
• Oxygen (O): 8 protons, 8 electrons, 8 neutrons
• Fluorine (F): 9 protons, 9 electrons, 10 neutrons
• Neon (Ne): 10 protons, 10 electrons, 10 neutrons
• Sodium (Na): 11 protons, 11 electrons, 12 neutrons
• Magnesium (Mg): 12 protons, 12 electrons, 12 neutrons
• Aluminium (Al): 13 protons, 13 electrons, 14 neutrons
• Silicon (Si): 14 protons, 14 electrons, 14 neutrons
• Phosphorus (P): 15 protons, 15 electrons, 16 neutrons
• Sulfur (S): 16 protons, 16 electrons, 16 neutrons
• Chlorine (Cl): 17 protons, 17 electrons, 18 neutrons
• Argon (Ar): 18 protons, 18 electrons, 22 neutrons
• Potassium (K): 19 protons, 19 electrons, 20 neutrons
• Calcium (Ca): 20 protons, 20 electrons, 20 neutrons

Key Information

• Elements are identified by the number of protons in their nucleus, which is equal to the number of electrons in a neutral atom.
• Neutrons contribute to the atomic mass but do not affect the charge of the atom.
• Carbon, with 6 of each particle, is essential for life and forms the basis of organic chemistry.
• Neon, Argon, and Helium are noble gases, known for their lack of reactivity due to having full electron shells.
• Elements like Sodium and Potassium are alkali metals, which are highly reactive, especially with water.
• Calcium plays a crucial role in biological systems, particularly in bone formation and cellular processes.

Groups of Elements

• Lightest elements include Hydrogen and Helium.
• Transition to heavier elements sees gradual increases in neutrons with heavier elements having more stability.
• Nonmetals dominate the beginning of the list, with metals becoming more common in higher atomic numbers.
• Each element's properties influence its usage in various industries and biological systems.

Test your knowledge of the first 20 elements of the periodic table with this flashcard quiz. Each card provides essential information about protons, electrons, and neutrons. Perfect for anyone studying chemistry or preparing for exams.