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Questions and Answers
What is the term for the sudden and rapid burning of heated gases in a confined area that occurs in the form of an explosion?
What is the term for the sudden and rapid burning of heated gases in a confined area that occurs in the form of an explosion?
What is the temperature range at which high heat levels are maintained from floor to ceiling?
What is the temperature range at which high heat levels are maintained from floor to ceiling?
What is the term for a fatal condition that occurs when a fire resists extinguishment operations and becomes stronger and bigger instead?
What is the term for a fatal condition that occurs when a fire resists extinguishment operations and becomes stronger and bigger instead?
What is the term for an eruption of flames that is a recognized warning sign that the compartment fire is rapidly progressing towards flashover?
What is the term for an eruption of flames that is a recognized warning sign that the compartment fire is rapidly progressing towards flashover?
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What is the term for a type of natural cause of fire that occurs when a metal post is completely covered with dust and is hit by lightning?
What is the term for a type of natural cause of fire that occurs when a metal post is completely covered with dust and is hit by lightning?
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What is the term for the automatic chemical reaction that results in spontaneous combustion due to auto-ignition of organic materials?
What is the term for the automatic chemical reaction that results in spontaneous combustion due to auto-ignition of organic materials?
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What type of lightning is capable of splintering a property or literally blowing apart an entire structure?
What type of lightning is capable of splintering a property or literally blowing apart an entire structure?
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What is the term for the production of sustained luminous electrical discharge between separated electrodes?
What is the term for the production of sustained luminous electrical discharge between separated electrodes?
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What is the purpose of the 'ENTRY' process in firefighting operations?
What is the purpose of the 'ENTRY' process in firefighting operations?
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What is the term for the process of developing and defining a systematic course of actions in case of a fire?
What is the term for the process of developing and defining a systematic course of actions in case of a fire?
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What is the term for highly flammable chemicals used to facilitate flame propagation?
What is the term for highly flammable chemicals used to facilitate flame propagation?
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What is the term for the process of restricting the fire to the place where it started?
What is the term for the process of restricting the fire to the place where it started?
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Study Notes
Fire Hazards and Combustion
- Backdraft: a sudden and rapid (violent) burning of heated gases in a confined area that occurs in the form of an explosion due to improper ventilation.
- Flashover: a high heat level (480-650°C) from floor to ceiling, where room contents are heated to ignition temperatures.
- Biteback: a fatal condition that occurs when the fire resists extinguishment operations and becomes stronger and bigger instead.
- Flash fire: a dust explosion that may happen when a metal post, completely covered with dust, is hit by lightning, producing very bright flashes followed by an explosion.
- Rollover: an eruption of flames, an extension of the fire plume or tongues of flame, which is a recognized warning sign that the compartment fire is rapidly progressing towards flashover.
Classification of Fires
- Natural causes:
- Spontaneous heating: the automatic chemical reaction that results in spontaneous combustion due to auto-ignition of organic materials.
- Lightning: a form of static electricity, a natural current with a great magnitude, producing tremendous amperage and voltage, which can cause fire directly or indirectly.
- Radiation of sunlight: when sunlight hits a concave mirror, concentrating the light on a combustible material, thereby igniting it.
Accidental Causes of Fires
- Electrical accidents:
- Short circuit: unusual or accidental connections between two points at different potentials in an electrical circuit of relatively low resistance.
- Arcing: the production of sustained luminous electrical discharge between separated electrodes.
- Sparking: the production of incandescent particles when two different potentials come in contact, which occurs during short circuits or welding operations.
- Induced current: induced line surge, an increased electrical energy flow or power voltage, resulting in the burning of insulating materials, explosion of the fuse box, or burning of electrical appliances.
- Overheating: an increase or rising of amperage while electric current is flowing in a transmission line, resulting in the damage or destruction of insulating materials.
Intentional Causes of Fires (Incendiary)
- Accelerant: highly flammable chemicals used to facilitate flame propagation.
- Plant: the preparation and or gathering of combustible materials needed to start a fire.
- Trailer: the preparation of flammable substances in order to spread the fire.
Fire Fighting Operations
- Pre-fire planning: developing and defining a systematic course of actions, involves the process of establishing the SOP in case a fire breaks out.
- Evaluation - Size-up: the process of knowing the emergency situation, involves mental evaluation.
- Evacuation: the activity of transferring people, livestock, and property away from the burning area to minimize damage.
- Entry: the process of accessing the burning structure, may be done in a forcible manner.
- Rescue: the operation of removing (extricating), thus saving, people and other livestock from the burning building.
- Exposure: the activity of securing other buildings near the burning structure in order to prevent the fire from extending to another building.
- Confinement: the activity of restricting the fire at the place (room) where it started, process of preventing fire from extending.
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Description
Test your knowledge of firefighting terms, including backdraft, flashover, biteback, and flash fire. Learn about the causes and effects of these dangerous scenarios. Improve your understanding of firefighting operations and safety protocols.
