Firefighting Techniques and Safety

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Questions and Answers

Which of the listed wall types is specifically designed to resist the spread of fire between different parts of a building?

  • Fire walls (correct)
  • Partition walls
  • Veneer walls
  • Party walls

Under what circumstance is it considered acceptable for firefighters to share an SCBA facepiece?

  • When a firefighter's life depends on it
  • When a fallen firefighter is unconscious
  • When firefighters are trained on buddy breathing
  • Never (correct)

When performing vertical ventilation, how should existing openings in a roof typically be utilized?

  • They are usually large enough and adequate as is
  • They are usually in the best location
  • They should not be used
  • They often need to be supplemented with additional cuts (correct)

Incident reports serve various administrative and analytical purposes. Which of the following is NOT typically a use for incident reports?

<p>Firefighter leave schedule (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Compressed air foam systems (CAFS) are most commonly used to combat which class of fire?

<p>Class A (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When using protein or fluoroprotein foam, which type of nozzle is generally most effective?

<p>Apparatus-mounted master stream nozzles (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Foam is used to manage hazardous materials incidents. Which of the following is NOT a mechanism by which foam prevents or controls a hazard?

<p>Diluting (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

To ensure consistently high-quality foam production, what is the maximum recommended distance between the foam ejector and the foam concentrate source?

<p>6 feet (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which action would NOT be suitable when trying to increase the effectiveness of a prying tool?

<p>Stopping the operation. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a typical source of information regarding cargo involved in a bulk transport fire?

<p>Material safety data sheet. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When approaching a burning horizontal vessel, which area should be avoided?

<p>Ends (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

From an investigative perspective, which observation made upon arriving at a fire scene is MOST critical?

<p>The physical appearance of any individual leaving the scene. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the process of preparing a patient for movement from the point of injury to a stretcher or ambulance commonly referred to as?

<p>Packing (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of powered hydraulic tool is designed with two arms specifically for pushing and pulling actions?

<p>Spreaders (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the MOST important initial safety precaution to take when utilizing airbags for rescue operations?

<p>Plan the operation before starting work. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When responding to a rescue situation involving electricity, what should a rescuer's primary assumption be?

<p>Electric lines or equipment are energized. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which NFPA standard outlines the minimum requirements for a Firefighter II?

<p>NFPA 1001 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the MOST important factor for a successful transfer of command during an incident?

<p>Transferring command to someone with higher authority (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During radio communication, what type of information is MOST appropriate to transmit?

<p>Essential information only (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Fire departments that require units to identify themselves in every transmission and confirm messages by repeating the message's essence are:

<p>Following basic rules for fireground radio communications. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following components is NOT essential for producing high-quality firefighting foam?

<p>Chemical agitation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Foams designed for use on hydrocarbon fuel fires are generally effective on all of the following EXCEPT:

<p>Alcohol (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

To effectively combat fires involving polar solvents, such as flammable liquids that attract water, the foam used MUST:

<p>Have an alcohol-resistant formulation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Regarding the application of mechanical foams in use today, they MUST be:

<p>Aerated and proportionated (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During a residential fire safety survey, which action is outside the scope of a firefighter's primary objectives?

<p>Identifying code violations and issuing citations to the property owner. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When conducting a fire station tour, what is the most crucial topic to address with visitors first?

<p>Instructions on safety procedures in case of an emergency alarm during the tour. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

An effective fire department initiative to prevent public injuries includes economic incentives, enforcement, education, and what additional element?

<p>Local elections and community involvement. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What term defines the pressure remaining in a water distribution system while water is actively flowing?

<p>Static pressure (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a primary type of water moving system used in water distribution for firefighting?

<p>Suction system (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The pressure exerted by water as it discharges from an opening, reflecting its forward velocity, is referred to as:

<p>Head pressure (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of installing a partial sprinkler system in a building?

<p>To provide targeted protection for specific hazardous areas and enhance life safety measures. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of valve is an Outside Screw and Yoke (OS&Y) valve, commonly found in water distribution systems?

<p>Butterfly valve (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During firefighting operations, which scenario presents the most immediate risk of structural collapse?

<p>Potential building collapse due to prolonged fire exposure. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of a direct fire attack, what is the recommended application method for water streams?

<p>Straight stream in short bursts. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Following the completion of a search operation within a structure, which critical piece of information must be included in the report to the supervisor?

<p>The overall condition of the building and any structural concerns. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When operating in environments with limited visibility, which of the following actions is not a standard safety procedure for firefighters?

<p>Activating their PASS (Personal Alert Safety System) device continuously to signal their location. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a basement fire scenario, what ventilation technique should firefighters employ only as a last resort, due to its inherent risks?

<p>Cutting a hole in the floor near a door or window to release trapped gases. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement regarding ventilation openings is incorrect?

<p>Trench cuts, used to prevent fire spread, should not exceed widths of 3 feet to maintain structural stability. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which device is specifically designed to combine two separate hose lines into a single, unified line for increased flow?

<p>Siamese (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In firefighting terminology, what term accurately describes a water stream characterized by coarsely divided water droplets?

<p>Broken stream (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How often should personal protective equipment (PPE) be inspected to ensure its continued effectiveness?

<p>After each use (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During host testing, what is the MOST important safety measure for all personnel operating in the area?

<p>Wear proper personal protective equipment (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the appropriate procedure for a fire hose that has been exposed to hazardous materials and cannot be effectively decontaminated?

<p>Dispose of properly (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is INCORRECT regarding ventilation openings during firefighting operations?

<p>Trench cuts should not exceed the width of 3 feet (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What primary responsibility does a firefighter have in determining the point of origin for a fire?

<p>Observing and recollecting fire behavior (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Approximately what percentage of its pushing power does a power hydraulic ram have when utilized for pulling operations?

<p>50% (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A porta-power hydraulic tool is MOST commonly operated by what type of mechanism?

<p>Hand pump (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of building collapse is characterized by the simultaneous failure of both sides of the supporting walls?

<p>Pancake (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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Flashcards

NFPA 1001

Minimum requirements for a Firefighter II, according to NFPA.

Transfer of Command

Command must be transferred to someone with greater authority.

Radio Transmissions

Only give crucial updates to avoid cluttering the airwaves.

Radio Communication Rules

Clear communication rules using radios.

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Foam Production

Water, foam concentrate, and mechanical agitation are needed to produce firefighting foam.

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Foam Ineffectiveness

Foams are ineffective on alcohol-based fires.

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Alcohol Resistant Formulation

A formulation that resists alcohol.

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Mechanical Foams

Mechanical foams must be aerated and proportioned.

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Building Collapse Hazard

Potential building collapse poses a significant hazard during firefighting operations.

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Direct Attack Water Stream

A direct attack involves applying water in a straight stream, using short bursts for effective fire suppression.

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Search Completion Report

After completing a search, the report to your supervisor should include the condition of the building.

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Operating in Obscured Vision

In obscured vision, firefighters must use guidelines and work in teams; avoid actions like sounding PASS devices unnecessarily.

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Basement Fire Ventilation

As a last resort for basement fires, firefighters should ventilate by cutting a hole in the floor near a door or window.

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Siamese Connection

A Siamese merges two hose lines into a single line.

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Broken Stream

A broken stream is composed of coarsely divided water drops.

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Party Wall

A party wall is a load-bearing wall shared by two adjacent structures.

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Fire Walls

Walls designed to resist the spread of fire within a structure.

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SCBA Facepiece Sharing

Never share an SCBA facepiece; it risks contamination and compromises protection.

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Vertical Ventilation Openings

Existing openings often need supplementing for effective vertical ventilation.

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Incident Report Use

Incident reports do not manage firefighter leave schedules.

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CAFS Fire Class

Class A fires (ordinary combustibles) are suited to compressed air foam systems.

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Foam Nozzle Choice

Apparatus-mounted master stream nozzles are best for protein and fluoroprotein foams.

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Foam Action

Foam prevents fire spread through cooling, suppression, and separation, not dilution.

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High Expansion Foam

High-quality high expansion foam is produced by mechanical blower generators.

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Stuck prying tool

Trying different tool

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Important fire scene observation

The physical appearance of anyone leaving the scene.

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Patient packing

Preparing a patient for movement to a stretcher or ambulance.

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Spreaders

Powered hydraulic tools with arms for pushing and pulling.

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First safety rule when using airbags

Plan before beginning work

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Electricity rescue assumption

Always assume electric lines or equipment are energized.

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Trapped in elevator (no emergency)

Reassure people and let them know a mechanic is en route.

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Horizontal vessel fire approach

Never approach from the ends.

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Firefighter Home Visit Objective

The main goal is to improve safety, educate occupants, and prevent fires without necessarily citing violations.

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Station Tour: First Topic

Cover safety instructions for emergencies first.

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Fire Dept. Prevention Program

An injury prevention program should include economic incentives, enforcement, education, and engineering.

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Residual Pressure

Pressure remaining when water is flowing.

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Not a Water Moving System

Gravity, combination, and direct pumping systems move water; suction does not.

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Flow Pressure

The pressure of water as it exits a discharge opening.

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Partial Sprinkler System

Used for limited protection in hazardous areas or as a life safety measure.

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OS&Y Valve Type

A valve that visually shows whether it's open or closed.

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Contaminated Fire Hose

Fire hose exposed to hazardous materials that can't be decontaminated should be properly disposed of.

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Roof Ventilation Size

On flat roofs, ventilation openings should be at least 4x4 feet.

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Fire Origin Responsibility

Observing and recollecting fire behavior is the firefighter's responsibility to determine the origin of the fire.

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Hydraulic Ram Pulling Power

Power hydraulic rams have approximately 50% of their pushing force when pulling.

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Porta-Power Operation

The porta-power is operated by a hand pump.

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Pancake Collapse

A pancake collapse occurs when both sides of the supporting walls fail simultaneously.

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Residential Survey Team

During residential safety surveys, firefighters should NOT conduct the survey individually.

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Smoke Alarm Placement

When presenting a public education program on smoke alarms, detectors should be placed on every level and in every bedroom.

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Study Notes

  • The NFPA 1001 standard outlines the minimum requirements for a Firefighter II.
  • Command can only be transferred to someone of a higher level of authority.
  • Only essential information should be transmitted via radio.
  • Identifying in every transmission and acknowledging messages is practicing basic radio control.
  • Chemical agitation is not necessary to produce high-quality firefighting foam,
  • Foams designed for use on hydrocarbon fuels fire are effective on all materials except alcohol.
  • Alcohol resistant formulation is effective on polar solvents
  • Mechanical foams in use today must be aerated and proportioned.
  • When attacking combustible liquids fire with water, nozzle should sweep from side to side.
  • When attacking a fire in upper levels, extra hose should be flaked up the stairs above the fire floor.
  • The range is the distance at which a stream can be effectively thrown from a nozzle.
  • A 1 1/2" hose line diameter is recommended for a dwelling fire with one to three rooms involved.
  • Conditions that contribute to the spread and intensity of a fire, except reinforcement stairs on a building.
  • Reinforced concrete loses strength, spalls, cracks, and does not perform particularly well under fire conditions.
  • Indirect attack is undesirable where victims may be trapped or where the spread of fire cannot be contained.
  • Heavy timber construction has unprotected wood/structural members with large cross-sectional areas and no concealed spaces.
  • A double female is a device used to connect two male ends of a fire hose.
  • A hose hoist tool is used to protect hose rolls from sharp edges.
  • Proper ventilation is key to effective cellar operations.
  • Loose bricks, blocks, or stones falling from a building indicate potential building collapse.
  • The direct attack method requires that water be applied as a straight stream in short bursts.
  • The report after a search should include the condition of the building.
  • In obscured vision, firefighters must perform all actions except sounding their PASS device.
  • Cutting a hole in the floor near a door or window to ventilate basement fires.
  • Trench cuts should not exceed widths of 3 feet for ventilation openings.
  • A Siamese device is used to merge two hose lays into one.
  • A stream of coarsely divided drops is a broken stream.
  • A load bearing wall that supports two adjacent structures is a party wall.
  • Indirect attack requires the forest dream to be corrected, ceiling moved.
  • Direct attack is considered the efficient use of water on three burning fires.
  • Walls best designed to contain fire are fire walls.
  • Never share SCBA facepiece with a fellow firefighter.
  • Existing openings are most often supplement holes that have to be cut for vertical ventilation.
  • Incident reports are used for all except firefighter leave schedule.
  • Compressed air foam systems are used to fight class A fires.
  • The best nozzle to use with protein and flourprotein foam is apparatus mounted master stream nozzles.
  • Foam prevents or controls a hazard except diluting.
  • The distance between the foam ejector and the foam concentrate cannot exceed 6 feet for high quality foam.
  • Mechanical blower generators produce high expansion foam.
  • Fog streams expose a maximum water surface for heat absorption.
  • A hose line should be connected to the floor below the fire floor when attacking upper level fires.
  • The gallon per minute (GPM) per square foot application rate for AFFF is .16.
  • Vertical ventilation reduces the potential for backdraft explosions.
  • If a prying tool is not producing desired results, try a different tool.
  • You can find cargo information on a bulk transport on placards.
  • Never approach a horizontal vessel exposed to fire from the ends.
  • The physical appearance of any individual leaving the is most important for a firefighter arriving at a fire
  • Packing is preparing a patient for removal from the place of injury to a stretcher.
  • Spreaders consist of two arms for pushing and pulling.
  • Before using airbags, plan the operation.
  • Assume electric lines or equipment are energized when responding to an electrical rescue.
  • Reassure people and let them know a mechanic is on the way for people trapped in a elevator.
  • 70% of all fires occur in residences.
  • During a residential fire safety survey, do not identify violations and cite the owner.
  • Provide safety instructions in case of emergency during station tours.
  • Effective fire dept, implement economic incentive, enforcement, education and engineering.
  • Residual pressure is left in the distribution system when water is flowing.
  • Suction is not a water moving system.
  • The forward velocity pressure at a discharge opening while water is flowing is called flow pressure.
  • Partial sprinkler systems provide limited protection for certain hazardous areas and as a life safety measure.
  • An outside screw and yoke (OS&Y) valve in a water distribution system is an indicating valve.
  • A floor plan sketch shows property arrangement with respect to streets, buildings, and features.
  • A power plant should be run once a week while powering an electrical device.
  • Wear proper personal protective equipment during host testing.
  • Fire hoses exposed to hazardous materials that cannot be decontaminated should be disposed of properly.
  • Trench cuts should not exceed 3 feet for ventilation openings.
  • Firefighters must observe and recollect fire behavior to determine a fire's origin.
  • Power hydraulic rams have approximately 50% pushing power when used for pulling.
  • A hand pump operates a porta-power.
  • A pancake is a building collapse when both sides of th supporting walls fail simultaneously.
  • Do not conduct a survey individually for residential safety.
  • Detectors should be placed in every bedroom for smoke alarms.
  • Deluge sprinkler systems use open heads.
  • Automatic alarm-initiating devices include flammable gas detectors.

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