Questions and Answers
What is protein foam?
A protein-based foam concentrate that is stabilized with metal salts to make a fire-resistant foam blanket.
What are fluoroprotein foams?
Protein-based foam to which fluorochemicals have been added.
What is film-foaming fluoroprotein foam (FFFP)?
Protein foam solution that uses fluorinated surfactants to produce a fluid aqueous film for suppressing liquid fuel vapors.
What is aqueous film-forming foam (AFFF)?
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What is alcohol-resistant foam?
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What does compressed air foam system (CAFS) refer to?
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What is a foam proportioner?
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Which of the following options would be expected to be a backup resource to supply additional foam during a large, flammable liquid fire?
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What method is accomplished by directing the stream of foam at the ground in front of the target and pushing it onto the burning pool of liquid?
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Which of the following is a synthetic-based foam particularly suitable for spill-related fires involving gasoline and light hydrocarbon fuels?
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What is the first thing that should be done when coordinating an interior attack?
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What is the minimum number of hose lines that should be used with a flammable-gas fire?
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What is the expansion ratio of propane?
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What is the most severe hazard associated with propane products?
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Which is the correct nozzle to use with medium-expansion foam?
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Which type of foam is effective on polar solvents?
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What is the minimum temperature at which a liquid produces an ignitable vapor?
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Fire hose should be tested at least:
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What is a two-dimensional fire?
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Which action should be taken if rapidly deteriorating smoke, fire, or heat conditions become evident during interior operations?
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What is the best item to aid extinguishment of smoldering fires in tightly packed combustible materials?
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Adding foam concentrate to a fire apparatus tank is called __________ mixing.
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Which foam application method is best for a pool of flammable liquid on open ground?
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What does the E stand for in the acronym SLICE-RS?
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Study Notes
Foam Types
- Protein Foam: Stabilized with metal salts, provides fire-resistant foam blankets.
- Fluoroprotein Foams: Combines protein foam with added fluorochemicals.
- Film-Foaming Fluoroprotein Foam (FFFP): Uses fluorinated surfactants to create an aqueous film that suppresses vapors.
- Aqueous Film Forming Foam (AFFF): A concentrated solution that forms vapor-suppressing films on hydrocarbon fuels.
- Alcohol-Resistant Foam: Similar to AFFF but resistant to alcohols and polar solvents.
Foam Delivery Systems
- Compressed Air Foam System (CAFS): Mixes foam concentrate, water, and compressed air for effective application on various surfaces.
- Compressed Air Foam (CAF): Class A foam created by injecting air into water mixed with foam concentrate.
- Foam Proportioner: Introduces foam concentrate into the water stream.
- Foam Eductor: Device in hoses that pulls foam concentrate from its container.
- Foam Injectors: Add foam concentrate directly into the pressurized water stream.
- Batch Mixing: Large volumes of foam are mixed by pouring concentrate directly into the water tank.
Foam Application Methods
- Rain Down Method: Foam is sprayed into the air over the target area.
- Roll In Method: Foam is directed at the ground in front of the fire, then it rolls across the surface.
- Bounce Off Method: Foam is applied to a nearby object, causing it to fall onto the fire.
Key Firefighting Concepts
- Non-Direct Foam Application: Using strategies like the Roll-in method is effective for dealing with flammable liquids.
- Combining Hose Lines: Two 1¾" hoses are commonly employed for approaching burning vessels.
- Foam Effectiveness: Different foams are suited for different types of fires, e.g., dry-chemical agents are effective for three-dimensional fires.
Safety and Equipment
- Ventilation Coordination: This must be part of suppression efforts for safety.
- Personal Protect Equipment (PPE): Donning full PPE is a priority before coordinating attacks.
Miscellaneous Fire Suppression
- BLEVE Hazard: The most severe risk associated with propane; preventing it involves directing streams to heated areas of tanks.
- Flash Point: The minimum temperature at which a liquid produces ignitable vapor.
- Two-Dimensional Fires: Represented by ignited flammable liquid spills on open ground.
Testing and Standards
- Hose Testing Frequency: Fire hoses should be tested annually as per NFPA standards (NFPA 1962).
SLICE-RS Acronym
- E Stands for: Extinguish the fire in the SLICE-RS strategy for firefighting approaches.
Fire Triangle and Tetrahedron
- Understanding how foam blankets disrupt components such as oxygen, fuel, and heat vital for extinguishing fires effectively.
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Description
Explore various types of firefighting foams, including protein, fluoroprotein, and alcohol-resistant foams while understanding the delivery systems such as Compressed Air Foam Systems. This quiz covers the essential characteristics and applications of different foam types used in fire suppression. Test your knowledge on how these systems work to combat fires effectively.
