Firearms and Toolmarks Introduction Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the purpose of rifling in firearms?

To decrease the accuracy of the firearm

To increase the rate of fire

To impart stability to the bullet (correct)

To prevent the bullet from exiting the barrel

What is the relationship between barrel length and firearm accuracy?

Long barrel and more gunpowder provide high velocity, stability, and range, leading to greater accuracy (correct)

Long barrel decreases stability and accuracy of the firearm

Shorter barrels provide higher accuracy due to better maneuverability

Barrel length has no impact on firearm accuracy

How is the caliber of a firearm bore measured?

By the weight of the firearm

By the length of the firearm

By the color of the firearm

In hundredth or thousandth of an inch or in millimeters (correct)

What are the components of a rifle?

Barrel, firing chamber, shoulder stock, provision for loading and unloading Signup and view all the answers

Which method assumes straight line trajectories and is applicable for high velocity, moderate distant shots?

Determine Trajectory Patterns Signup and view all the answers

What are the factors involved in trajectory analysis?

Initial angle of firing, energy lost in passing through surfaces, and type of firearm & ammunition Signup and view all the answers

What is used to detect muzzle-to-target distance of lead?

Sodium rhodizonate Signup and view all the answers

What is the product of the detonation of gunpowder used in the Griess test?

$NO_2$ Signup and view all the answers

What is used to form a diazonium salt in the Griess test?

$Sulfanilic acid$ Signup and view all the answers

What can be identified by a combination of morphology (spheroidal shape) and chemical composition (lead, barium and antimony from primer vaporization)?

Gunshot Residue (GSR) Signup and view all the answers

What should be examined to determine if the suspect's tool caused markings?

Original mark. Signup and view all the answers

What should not be done when experimenting with the angle of use and portion used?

Compare to exemplar if suspect tool is found. Signup and view all the answers

What should be considered when determining the type of tool used?

Both size of marking portion of tool and unusual features of tool. Signup and view all the answers

What is used to detect GSR patterns on dark/patterned targets?

Chemical color/transfer tests. Signup and view all the answers

What should not be attempted at the scene when dealing with suspected toolmarks?

Match suspected tool to toolmark at the scene. Signup and view all the answers

Which component is not typically found in a cartridge?

Gunpowder Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of single-base and double-base primers in ammunition?

To ignite the propellant Signup and view all the answers

What method is used for examining bullets and cartridge cases?

Microscopy Signup and view all the answers

What firearm feature contributes to its uniqueness in creating bullet striations?

Number and size of lands and grooves Signup and view all the answers

What does current computerized firearms evidence analysis include?

Reconstructions and trajectory determinations Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Forensic Firearms Evidence Analysis

Cartridges with the same bore size may contain different ammunition types
Firearms actions include bolt action, lever action, hinged frame, pump action, and semi-automatic
Cartridges are the typical unit of ammunition and hold projectiles, propellant, and primer
Ammunition types include projectiles, propellant, and primer, with different compositions
Primer types include single-base (nitrocellulose) and double-base (nitrocellulose and nitroglycerin)
Collection and preservation of firearms evidence involves avoiding contamination and labeling
Microscopy and comparison microscope are used for examining bullets and cartridge cases
Striations on bullets and the number and size of lands and grooves are unique to the firearm
Cartridge case comparisons involve breechface markings and firing pin indentations
Computerized firearms evidence analysis allows rapid cross comparison of bullets and casings
Early computerized firearms evidence analysis databases are for screening purposes only
Current computerized firearms evidence analysis includes reconstructions and trajectory determinations

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Description

Test your knowledge on the introduction to firearms and toolmarks, including the types of firearms such as rifles, pistols, and shotguns. Learn about the similarities in the analysis of markings and different characteristics of firearms.