40 Questions
What is the minimum impact rating for safety glasses recommended in the text?
ANSI Z87.1
Why is it important for earmuffs to be snug around the ears?
To ensure effectiveness
What consequences may result from the misuse, loss, or theft of a firearm?
Criminal charges and civil liabilities
When should damaged or dirty hearing or eye protection be used?
Not until cleaned, repaired, or replaced
What standard does prescription glasses need to carry to be considered sufficient in the text?
ANSI Z87.1
What is a major contributing factor in hearing loss as mentioned in the text?
Repetitive exposure to elevated noise levels at the shooting range
What is the purpose of personal hearing protection while firing on the range?
To limit exposure to elevated noise levels
How does long-term exposure to elevated noise levels affect hearing?
It can cause hearing loss
What is the recommended way to calculate the real-world Noise Reduction Ratings (NRR) according to OSHA guidelines?
Subtract 7 from the manufacturers NRR and divide by 2
Which type of hearing protection typically provides a lower Noise Reduction Rating (NRR)?
Semi-Aural Caps (NRR varies 17dB – 25dB)
What is the responsibility of the Weapons Training Officer regarding ear protection on the shooting range?
To ensure proper ear protection is worn consistently throughout shooting.
What action should be taken once the command is given to put eye protection in place on the shooting range?
Keep the eye protection in place until shooting is completed.
Why must the ball cap be worn by EVERYONE on the shooting range?
To provide maximum protection while shooting.
What is the purpose of wearing ear protection in a manner consistent with its intended use?
To ensure effective hearing conservation.
When should individuals be allowed to remove their eye protection on the shooting range?
Only after the course-of-fire is completed and the line is cleared.
What is the recommended procedure to limit lead absorption after handling firearms?
Wash hands and face with soap and cool water
What should be avoided to prevent lead contamination when handling spent cartridges?
Collecting spent cartridges in clothing
What action can increase the rate of lead absorption when handling firearms?
Using cleaning solvent
What is the suggested approach to limit lead injection when handling firearms?
Keep non-controlling hand away from areas that may result in lead penetrating skin
What should be done immediately after the discharge of a firearm to prevent skin contact with burning gunpowder?
Wear eye protection
What is a common way lead may enter the human body?
By applying cartridges containing exposed lead to the skin
How can shooters help minimize lead exposure?
Washing hands prior to eating or smoking
Which form of lead exposure is most common with revolvers?
Injection
To limit lead inhalation, one should:
Use ammunition with a lead-free primer and jacketed projectile
What is the recommended action before leaving the shooting range?
Washing your hands thoroughly
What is one potential health hazard that corrections personnel may face on the range?
Lead exposure
How should firearms always be treated according to the text?
With respect
What will happen if you are deemed unsafe by the Weapons Training Officer (WTO) according to the text?
You will not be allowed to shoot on the range until you can demonstrate safety
To minimize the risks of health hazards on the range, what precautions should be taken according to the text?
Wearing eye protection
What should corrections personnel understand and abide by on the range regardless of rank or experience?
The same rules
What is the protocol for handling dropped firearms on the range?
Have it checked by a Weapons Training Officer
What should be done if someone arrives during actual firing?
Notify the Weapons Training Officer immediately
What should be done in response to a 'Cease-Fire' command?
Stop shooting and lower the firearm
What is the guideline for nervous habits when handling firearms?
Make distinct movements
How should unnecessary conversation be handled while on or behind the line?
Avoid unnecessary conversation
What is the proper response to dropping equipment like ammo or ear protection while handling a firearm?
Never pick up dropped equipment while the weapon is out of the holster
Who should check a dropped firearm before it is fired again?
The Weapons Training Officer
What should be avoided when handling firearms?
'Nervous Habits'
Who should be notified if someone arrives during actual firing?
A non-shooter will notify the Weapons Training Officer immediately.
What should you do if you drop your ear protection while handling a firearm?
Never pick up any dropped equipment while the weapon is out of the holster.
Study Notes
Home Firearm Safety
- It is your responsibility to safeguard all firearms in your custody.
- The misuse, loss, or theft of a firearm may result in criminal charges, civil liabilities, and/or departmental sanctions.
- Prior to introducing any firearm into the home, a method to safely secure the firearm must first be in place.
Ear Protection
- Ear protection must be worn by everyone on the range while shooting is taking place.
- The use of hearing and eye protection is required on the range whenever firing is taking place.
- Equipment must be clean and in good repair.
- Damaged or dirty hearing or eye protection should not be used until cleaned, repaired, or replaced.
Eye Protection
- Eye protection must be worn by everyone on the range while shooting is taking place.
- Safety glasses with a minimum impact rating of ANSI Z87.1 or higher are required.
- Wrap-around safety glasses are preferred.
- Prescription glasses should be sufficient as long as they carry the ANSI Z287.1 rating.
Hearing Conservation
- Noise exposure is a major contributing factor in hearing loss.
- Continued long-term exposure to elevated noise levels can cause hearing loss.
- One-time exposure to extremely loud noise levels can result in a hearing loss.
- Hearing protectors limit the amount of noise reaching the inner ear, reducing the chances of hearing loss.
Noise Reduction Ratings (NRR)
- NRR is measured in decibels (dB).
- Derived from laboratory testing done under ideal conditions.
- OSHA guidelines recommend that the real-world calculations of NRR can be done by subtracting 7 from the manufacturer's NRR and dividing the results by 2.
Types of Hearing Protection
- Ear Muffs (NRR varies 16dB – 29dB): Lasts longer and is easier to use.
- Ear Plugs (NRR varies 12dB – 32 dB): Proper insertion takes time and training.
- Semi-Aural Caps (NRR varies 17dB – 25dB): Typically provides lower NRR.
Lead Exposure
- Lead may enter the human body by:
- Inhalation: Lead vapor produced upon firing a round.
- Ingestion: Handling food or smoke after being exposed to lead.
- Absorption: Through the skin when handling cartridges containing exposed lead or firearms.
- Injection: When a portion of a lead projectile is shaved off as it enters the bore of a firearm, causing a small fragment to exit the gap between the chamber and the bore with enough force to penetrate the skin.
Limiting Lead Exposure
- To limit lead inhalation: Use ammunition that has a lead-free primer and a jacketed projectile. Limit firing at indoor ranges. Do not leave the range until you have had an opportunity to wash your hands.
- To limit ingestion: Do not eat/handle food or smoke until you've washed your hands and face with soap and cool water after handling firearms, ammunition, or spent cartridges.
- To limit absorption: Avoid touching the face and genitals. Wash all exposed skin with soap and cool water and change your clothing as soon as possible. Be aware that just handling firearms can result in contamination.
- To limit injection: Notify a WTO immediately of any firearm you suspect of shaving. Always keep your non-controlling hand away from any area of a firearm that may result in escaping lead penetrating your skin.
Test your knowledge on firearm safety guidelines with this quiz. Topics include dry firing, nervous habits, and handling dropped firearms.
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