202.12E FIRE STREAM CHARACTERISTICS AND CONSIDERATIONS

Fire Stream Characteristics

• Fire companies must evaluate fire stream characteristics to select the most effective nozzle and stream type for specific fire conditions.

Solid or Straight Stream

• Provides greater penetration through fire and obstacles.
• Achieves greater reach, allowing firefighters to access difficult spots easily.
• Delivers greater striking power for effective firefighting.
• Facilitates greater cooling of interior surfaces and exposed areas.
• Manages to produce less steam conversion, reducing visibility issues during firefighting.

Fog Pattern

• Offers shorter reach compared to solid streams.
• Comprises smaller water droplets for improved dispersion.
• Facilitates greater air entrainment, enhancing fire suppression in certain conditions.
• Generates greater steam production, which can be advantageous for cooling.
• Most efficient in confined spaces, like attics, optimizing effectiveness in tight areas.

Hose and Nozzle Packages - Phoenix Fire Engine Companies

• 1 ¾” Hose Line with Automatic Nozzles

  • Minimum of two automatic nozzles used.
  • Hose lengths include 150' and 200' crosslay configurations.
  • Features a 100' to 150' front bumper line.
  • Automatic nozzle operates at 75 psi nozzle pressure and delivers 70 to 200 GPM.

• 2” Hoseline with Smooth Bore Nozzles

  • Typically one smooth bore nozzle is deployed.
  • Hose length is usually 200', either in crosslay or rear mount based on apparatus design.
  • Smooth bore nozzle with a 1 1/16” tip delivers 260 GPM at 60 psi nozzle pressure.

• 2 ½” Hose Line with Smooth Bore Nozzles

  • One or two smooth bore nozzles, depending on configuration.
  • Hose length is usually a 200’ rear mount.
  • Smooth bore nozzle with a 1 3/16” tip delivers 265 GPM at 40 psi nozzle pressure.
  • Blitz Monitor features solid bore or peripheral tips capable of flowing up to 500 GPM.

This quiz explores the critical characteristics of fire streams that fire companies must understand to effectively combat fires. Participants will learn about the advantages of solid streams versus fog patterns, including penetration, reach, and cooling effects. Understanding these concepts is essential for making informed decisions on nozzle selection and application.