Fire Safety Exam 4 Flashcards
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Questions and Answers

What needs to be labeled on every fire extinguisher?

Geometric shapes of specific colors with the class letter shown within the shape, or pictographs.

What is the symbol for a Class A fire extinguisher?

  • Green Triangle (correct)
  • Red Square
  • Yellow Star
  • Blue Circle
  • What is the symbol for a Class B fire extinguisher?

  • Blue Circle
  • Red Square (correct)
  • Yellow Star
  • Green Triangle
  • What is the symbol for a Class C fire extinguisher?

    <p>Blue Circle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the symbol for a Class D fire extinguisher?

    <p>Yellow Star</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the symbol for a Class K fire extinguisher?

    <p>Black Hexagon</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a Class A fire?

    <p>Ordinary combustibles such as textiles, paper, plastic, rubber, and wood.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a Class B fire?

    <p>Flammable and combustible liquids, gases, and greases such as alcohol, gasoline, lubricating oils, and liquefied petroleum gas.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a Class C fire?

    <p>Energized electrical equipment.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a Class D fire?

    <p>Combustible metals and alloys such as lithium, magnesium, potassium, and sodium.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a Class K fire?

    <p>Combustible cooking oils such as vegetable or animal fats and oils that burn at extremely high temperatures.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a pump type water extinguisher?

    <p>Primarily used for ground cover fires and small Class A fires with a manually operated trombone style slide pump.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a stored pressure fire extinguisher?

    <p>AKA air pressurized water (APW) useful for all types of small Class A fires.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a water mist stored pressure fire extinguisher?

    <p>Uses deionized water as an agent and produces a fine spray.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a wet chemical stored pressure extinguisher?

    <p>Intended for use in Class K fires, containing a special potassium-based, low pH agent.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an aqueous film forming foam (AFFF) extinguisher?

    <p>Intended for Class B fires and helpful in suppressing vapors.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a clean agent extinguisher?

    <p>Discharged as a rapidly evaporating liquid that leaves no residue.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a CO2 extinguisher?

    <p>Most effective in extinguishing Class B and Class C fires.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a dry chemical extinguisher?

    <p>Used on Class A, B, and C fires, includes two basic types.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does PASS stand for in fire extinguisher use?

    <p>Pull, Aim, Squeeze, Sweep.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is conduction?

    <p>Transfer of heat through or between solids that are in direct contact.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is convection?

    <p>Heat transfer by circulation within a medium such as gas or liquid.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is radiation?

    <p>Heat transfer by way of electromagnetic energy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the duties of a firefighter?

    <p>Fire suppression, search and rescue, extrication, ventilation, salvage, overhaul, and EMS.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What occurs in a flashover?

    <p>A rapid transition from the growth stage to the fully developed stage.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is horizontal ventilation?

    <p>Technique to channel heat, smoke, and combustion products horizontally out of a structure.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is vertical ventilation?

    <p>Ventilating at a point above the fire to remove contaminated atmosphere.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is natural ventilation?

    <p>Techniques that ventilate a structure using natural phenomena.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is mechanical ventilation?

    <p>Ventilation using blowers and smoke ejectors.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is hydraulic ventilation?

    <p>Ventilation using a spray stream to draw smoke from a compartment.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is positive pressure ventilation?

    <p>Mechanically blowing fresh air into a space to create slight positive pressure.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is negative pressure ventilation?

    <p>Using smoke ejectors to pull smoke out of a structure.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What tools do you use for vertical ventilation?

    <p>Fans, blowers, and smoke ejectors.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is tactical ventilation?

    <p>Planned removal of heated air, smoke, and contaminants to ensure safety.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the incipient stage of fire?

    <p>First stage where the substance produces heat, but not spreading to nearby substances.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the growth stage of fire?

    <p>Stage where the fire begins to influence its environment within the compartment.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the fully developed stage of fire?

    <p>Occurs when all combustible materials in a compartment are burning.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the decay stage of fire?

    <p>Fire decays as fuel is consumed or oxygen concentration drops.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a rollover?

    <p>Condition where unburned fire gases ignite and propagate through the hot gas layer.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a backdraft?

    <p>Explosive burning of heated gases when oxygen is introduced into a flammable gas-rich area.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a smoke explosion?

    <p>Ignition of accumulated flammable products of combustion within their flammable range.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a dead end hydrant?

    <p>Fire hydrant located on a dead end main that receives water from one direction.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a circulating hydrant?

    <p>Fire hydrant located on a secondary main that receives water from two directions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a dry barrel hydrant?

    <p>Hydrant with its operating valve at the base to prevent freezing.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a wet barrel hydrant?

    <p>Hydrant with water all the way up to the discharge outlets.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a spanner wrench?

    <p>Small tool used to tighten or loosen hose couplings.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the advantages of a minute man load?

    <p>Can be carried by one person and avoids obstacles while being well-suited for narrow hose beds.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a chaffing block?

    <p>Device used to protect fire hose from abrasions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is forward lay?

    <p>Hose deployed from the water source to the fire.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is reverse lay?

    <p>Hose deployed from the fire to the water source.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are some characteristics of a smooth bore nozzle?

    <p>Operates at low pressures, less prone to clogging, but doesn't allow for different stream patterns.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of an FDC?

    <p>Point at which the fire department connects to a sprinkler or standpipe system.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are some tasks when you first arrive at a scene?

    <p>Prevent injury, identify hazards, clarify tasks, and assess resources.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do you do if a vehicle fire occurs?

    <p>Extinguish immediately, isolate spilled fuels, and protect against other ignition sources.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a direct fire attack strategy?

    <p>Involves discharging water or foam stream directly onto the burning fuel.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an indirect fire attack strategy?

    <p>Involves directing streams toward the ceiling to create steam and cool the compartment.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a combination attack?

    <p>Extinguishing a fire using both direct and indirect attack methods.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Fire Extinguisher Classifications

    • Fire extinguishers must display geometric shapes and class letters or pictographs for easy identification.
    • Class A fires involve ordinary combustibles, represented by a Green Triangle.
    • Class B fires consist of flammable liquids, indicated by a Red Square.
    • Class C fires are related to energized electrical equipment, shown by a Blue Circle.
    • Class D fires involve combustible metals, marked with a Yellow Star.
    • Class K fires, for cooking oils, are represented by a Black Hexagon.

    Fire Types

    • Class A: Includes textiles, paper, plastic, rubber, and wood.
    • Class B: Consists of flammable liquids, gases, and greases like gasoline and alcohol.
    • Class C: Engaged in energized electrical equipment fires.
    • Class D: Involves combustible metals like lithium and sodium.
    • Class K: Related to cooking oils and fats burning at high temperatures.

    Fire Extinguisher Types

    • Pump Type Water Extinguisher: Used mainly for ground cover fires; utilizes a trombone-style slide pump.
    • Stored Pressure Extinguisher: Useful for small Class A fires; may extinguish confined hot spots.
    • Water Mist Stored Pressure Extinguisher: Uses deionized water, safe for energized equipment; produces a fine spray.
    • Wet Chemical Stored Pressure Extinguisher: Designed for Class K fires; uses a potassium-based agent for soaponification.
    • Aqueous Film Forming Foam (AFFF) Extinguisher: Effective for Class B fires, combats vapors from liquid fuel spills.
    • Clean Agent Extinguisher: Leaves no residue; cools and smothers Class A and B fires; safe for Class C.
    • CO2 Extinguisher: Best for Class B and C fires; stored as a liquefied gas, risk of reignition due to lack of vapor film.
    • Dry Chemical Extinguisher: Suitable for Class A, B, and C fires; most common portable type.

    Firefighting Techniques

    • PASS technique for extinguisher use: Pull the pin, Aim at the base, Squeeze the handles, Sweep the nozzle.
    • Conduction, Convection, and Radiation: methods of heat transfer influencing firefighting.

    Fire Dynamics

    • Flashover: Rapid transition where everything ignites in a room.
    • Stages of fire: Incipient (initial stages), Growth (environment influenced), Fully Developed (all combustibles burn), Decay (fuel consumed).
    • Rollover: Ignition of gases accumulated at the compartment's top.
    • Backdraft: Explosive burning of gases when oxygen is introduced into an oxygen-depleted space.
    • Smoke Explosion: Ignition of flammable combustion products.

    Ventilation Methods

    • Horizontal Ventilation: Channeling heat and smoke out through openings like windows or doors.
    • Vertical Ventilation: Removing contaminated air from openings above the fire.
    • Natural Ventilation: Using wind and convection currents without mechanical devices.
    • Mechanical Ventilation: Involves blowers and smoke ejectors for air movement.
    • Hydraulic Ventilation: Uses a spray stream to draw smoke from a compartment.
    • Positive Pressure Ventilation: Blowing fresh air to create positive pressure and push smoke out.
    • Negative Pressure Ventilation: Using smoke ejectors to pull smoke from structures.

    Fire Hydrants

    • Dead End Hydrant: Water flows from one direction only.
    • Circulating Hydrant: Receives water from two directions, enhancing supply.
    • Dry Barrel Hydrant: Has no water in the barrel when not in use, preventing freeze.
    • Wet Barrel Hydrant: Contains water up to discharge outlets; used in non-freezing areas.

    Fire Tools and Equipment

    • Spanner Wrench: Used for tightening or loosening hose couplings.
    • Minute Man Load: Allows easy carrying and maneuvering of hoses in tight spaces.
    • Chaffing Block: Protects hoses from abrasion.

    Deployment Methods

    • Forward Lay: Hose is deployed from the water source to the fire.
    • Reverse Lay: Hose is deployed from the fire to the water source.

    Nozzle Characteristics

    • Smooth Bore Nozzle: Operates at low pressures, less clogging, uses compressed-air foam; limited stream pattern selection.

    Scene Assessment and Fire Attack Strategies

    • Initial tasks include assessing hazards, identifying resources, and evaluating victim status at a scene (size-up).
    • Vehicle fire response involves isolating ignition sources and extinguishing flames.
    • Direct Fire Attack: Directly applies water or foam onto the fire.
    • Indirect Fire Attack: Creates steam by targeting the ceiling to displace oxygen and cool the area.
    • Combination Attack: Utilizes both direct and indirect methods for effective extinguishment.

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    Description

    Test your knowledge of fire extinguisher labels and symbols with these flashcards. This quiz covers essential information such as the meanings of various geometric shapes and colors, as well as classifications of fire extinguishers. Perfect for anyone studying fire safety or preparing for an exam.

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