Fire Risk Assessment Module 4
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Questions and Answers

What is the main function of the Discharge Nozzle on a fire extinguisher?

  • Directs the water stream (correct)
  • Activates the extinguisher
  • Identifies the type of extinguisher
  • Used for transportation

    • Under what conditions should a fire be tackled using a fire extinguisher?

  • When the fire size is small and does not compromise exit (correct)
  • When adequate training has not been received
  • When fire or smoke presents a risk to personal safety
  • When the fire is larger than a small office waste bin

    • What type of fire is a water-based extinguisher suitable for?

  • Class A fires involving wood and paper (correct)
  • Electrical fires
  • Class B fires involving flammable liquids
  • Chemical fires

    • What is the purpose of the User Instructions on a fire extinguisher?

    <p>Guide the user on how to operate the extinguisher</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which evacuation strategy allows occupants to self-release from their cells?

    <p>Partial Evacuation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is required before tackling a fire with an extinguisher?

    <p>Adequate training in using a fire extinguisher</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is not a suitable circumstance for using a fire extinguisher?

    <p>The fire spreads beyond the initial containment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one advantage of using aspirating systems in fire detection?

    <p>They can work effectively in restricted environments.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is additional training necessary for staff in buildings with a Partial Evacuation Strategy?

    <p>To prepare for assisting inmates with evacuation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which British Standard is primarily used for sprinkler systems?

    <p>BS EN 12845</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the three main classes of sprinkler systems?

    <p>Light hazard, ordinary hazard, high hazard</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary concern when using sprinkler systems in areas with high-value equipment?

    <p>The risk of a delayed response</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component of an automatic sprinkler system is not typically tested by the use of a test valve?

    <p>Control valve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what type of buildings are wet risers usually found?

    <p>Buildings exceeding 50 metres</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following should be illuminated by an emergency lighting system?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the pressure gauge on a water fire extinguisher indicate?

    <p>Whether the extinguisher is ready for use</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary characteristic of a phased evacuation system?

    <p>Evacuation occurs in a controlled sequence.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to BS 4422, how is fire risk defined?

    <p>The product of fire occurrence probability and potential damage.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is meant by 'fire hazard' in the context of PAS 79?

    <p>A potential source or act that could result in a fire.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the first step in the generic risk assessment process?

    <p>Identify the hazards.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a given factor in fire risk assessment?

    <p>The type of fire suppression system installed.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'occupant familiarity with the building' refer to in fire risk assessment?

    <p>Occupants' awareness of escape routes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the likelihood of injury in fire risk as defined by PAS 79?

    <p>Combination of fire occurrence likelihood and injury severity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the Narrative Step Method of risk assessment require from the assessor?

    <p>Following a sequence of observational steps and actions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the first step in a generic fire risk assessment?

    <p>To gather information about previous incidents and building characteristics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following steps involves the calculation of severity based on likelihood and consequence?

    <p>Assess and evaluate the fire risk</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what scenario would a fire risk assessment need to be reviewed immediately?

    <p>Following a fire event</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes a quantitative assessment from a qualitative assessment in risk evaluation?

    <p>Quantitative assigns a number-rating system while qualitative is based on judgment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a reason for a fire risk assessment to become invalid?

    <p>A material alteration that improves fire protection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which step in the fire risk assessment process requires determining the effectiveness of fire safety management systems?

    <p>Determine the level of fire safety management</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is essential to include in the periodic reviews of a fire risk assessment?

    <p>The name of the reviewer and the next review date</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following describes an active fire protection system?

    <p>A system that requires human intervention to activate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Fire Risk Assessment: Module 4 - Choosing the Right Type of Detector

    • Aspirating systems are particularly useful in cabinets containing highly sensitive equipment, areas where point detectors are restricted, and areas where the environment isn't suitable for point detection.

    • Sprinkler systems are primarily designed to BS EN 12845.

    Components of a Water Fire Extinguisher

    • The Pressure Gauge indicates the pressure inside the cylinder.
    • The gauge should be in the green zone for the extinguisher to be ready for use.
    • If the indicator is red, the extinguisher should not be used as it is either over or under its optimum working pressure.

    Fire Exit Route Illumination

    • Emergency lighting systems must illuminate essential features like fire exits, fire alarm call points, changes in floor level, fire fighting equipment, corridor intersections, and stairways.

    Fire Extinguishers - Safety Measures

    • Fire should only be tackled when the fire alert is raised to the Control Room, fire or smoke doesn't pose a safety risk and doesn't compromise safe exit routes, the fire is small (no bigger than a small office waste bin), and the person has received adequate training.
    • The extinguisher type used depends on the fire type.
    • Water-based extinguishers are suitable for Class A fires (wood, paper, plastics, fabric).
    • Training in using the extinguisher, including pictorial user instructions, is necessary.

    Types of Evacuation Strategies

    • Simultaneous Evacuation: In non-secure buildings, the evacuation relies on occupants reacting to warning signals and escaping to a safe area.
    • Partial Evacuation: This strategy is for cell blocks or similar areas where occupants can self-release to a designated area but cannot leave the building without staff assistance.
    • Phased Evacuation: Custodians control the evacuation by phases, prioritizing areas deemed most vulnerable.

    Ionisation Detectors

    • Ionisation detectors use a radioactive source to ionize the air.

    Current British Standard for Fire Alarms and Detection Systems

    • BS 5839: Part 1 is the current British standard for fire alarm and detection systems.

    Optical Detectors

    • Optical detectors use a light source, a miniature lens, and a photoelectric cell to detect smoke particles.

    Sprinkler System Classes

    • The 3 main classes of sprinkler systems are: Light Hazard, Ordinary Hazard, and High Hazard.

    Wet Risers and Building Height

    • Wet risers are often installed in buildings exceeding 50 meters in height.

    BS 4422 and PAS 79 Definitions of Fire Risk

    • BS 4422: Fire risk is the product of the likelihood of a fire occurring and the extent of damage from such a fire.
    • PAS 79: Fire risk is the combination of the likelihood of a fire occurring and the consequences (number of injuries, severity).

    BS 4422, H&S Terms, and PAS 79 Definitions of Fire Hazard

    • BS 4422: Identifies a hazard as the potential for harm/damage from fire.
    • H&S and BS 18004: Hazard is anything that poses a risk to human health in situations of human injury, ill health or combination of both.
    • PAS 79: Hazard is anything that poses a risk of fire occurring.

    Generic Risk Assessment Process

    • Identify hazards: Recognizing potential fire risks.
    • Identify people at risk: Understanding who could be affected.
    • Evaluate, remove, reduce, and protect: Assessing and addressing the risks.
    • Record, plan, instruct, inform, and train: Documenting and implementing safety procedures.
    • Review: Periodically evaluating the effectiveness of the measures

    Given Factors in Fire Risk Assessments

    • Building height/storeys, construction, activities/processes, complexity, and floor space.
    • Occupant characteristics, familiarity with building, state of occupants, and fire history.
    • Incidents of arson/vandalism in the area.

    Narrative Step Method of Risk Assessment

    • Steps approach;
    • Checklists;
    • Logic diagrams;
    • Algorithmic approach;
    • Benchmarking.

    Nine Steps to a Generic Fire Risk Assessment

    • Information Gathering;
    • Hazard Identification;
    • Likelihood Assessment;
    • Fire Protection;
    • Fire Safety Management;
    • Occupant Consequences;
    • Risk Assessment;
    • Action Plan Formulation;
    • Regular Review.

    Periodic Reviews of Fire Risk Assessments

    • The frequency of reviews depends on building alterations, changes in fire precautions, routine reviews (assessor judgment), and significant changes.
    • Reviews should include the reviewer's name and date for the next review.
    • Reviews are needed when major alterations occur, after fires, alterations in use of the building, or changes in key personnel.
    • Material changes, or a drop in standards of fire protection impact validity.

    Quantitative and Qualitative Risk Assessments

    • Quantitative: Uses numerical ratings to gauge the impact and probability of an event.
    • Qualitative: Relies on expert judgment and experience in a non-numerical process to evaluate an overall picture of risks.

    Scope and Application of Fire Safety Legislation within HMP Premises

    • Responsible people must ensure suitable and sufficient escape routes during a fire.

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    Description

    This quiz covers essential elements of fire risk assessment, including detector types, fire extinguisher components, emergency lighting requirements, and safety measures for fire emergencies. Dive into the critical knowledge needed to enhance fire safety protocols and ensure effective emergency response.

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