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Questions and Answers
What is the main characteristic of non-pyrolyzable solid fuels?
What is the main characteristic of non-pyrolyzable solid fuels?
What is biomass used for?
What is biomass used for?
What is the main difference between flammable liquids and combustible liquids?
What is the main difference between flammable liquids and combustible liquids?
What is natural gas primarily composed of?
What is natural gas primarily composed of?
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Why are foul-smelling elements like sulfur added to natural gas?
Why are foul-smelling elements like sulfur added to natural gas?
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What is the active principle of burning, characterized by the heat and light of combustion?
What is the active principle of burning, characterized by the heat and light of combustion?
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What occurs when combustion propagates at supersonic speed?
What occurs when combustion propagates at supersonic speed?
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Which component is added to the fire triangle to form the fire tetrahedron?
Which component is added to the fire triangle to form the fire tetrahedron?
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Which type of fuel has molecules that are free to move?
Which type of fuel has molecules that are free to move?
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What is the term for the chemical decomposition of matter through the action of heat?
What is the term for the chemical decomposition of matter through the action of heat?
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Study Notes
Fire Terminologies
- Fire is the rapid chemical reaction between fuel and an oxidizer, releasing energy in the form of heat and light.
- Pyrolysis is the chemical decomposition of matter through heat, which can cause a change from a solid state to vapor state.
- Combustion is a self-sustaining chemical reaction producing energy or products that cause more reactions of the same kind.
Fire Triangle vs Fire Tetrahedron
- Fire Triangle (Glowing Mode): • Oxygen • Fuel • Heat
- Fire Tetrahedron (Flaming Mode): • Oxygen • Fuel • Heat • Self-sustained Chemical Reaction
Fire Elements
- Fuel: anything that will burn when heated with sufficient oxygen, comes in three forms: solid, liquid, or gas. • Solid: molecules are closely packed together • Liquid: molecules are loosely packed • Gas: molecules are free to move
Solid Fuels
- Types of Flammable solids: • Pyrolyzable solid fuels: include many ordinary accepted combustibles (e.g. wood, paper) • Non-pyrolyzable solid fuels: solid fuels that are difficult to ignite (e.g. charcoal)
- Examples of solid fuels: • Biomass: replaceable organic matters like wood, garbage, and animal manure • Fabrics and Textiles: fibers are very fine thin strands or thread-like objects • Plastics: Cellulose Nitrate is a chemical powder used in bombs, also called pyroxylin • Coal: a black, combustible, mineral solid resulting from partial decomposition of matter • Peat: partially decayed plant matter found in swamps
Liquid Fuels
- Liquid fuels are mainly made from Petroleum, but some synthetic liquids are also produced
- 2 General Groups of Liquid Fuels: • Flammable liquids: have a flash point of 37.8 °C (100°F) and a vapor pressure not exceeding 40 psia (2068.6 um) at 37.8 °C • Combustible Liquids: have flash points at or above 37.8 °C (100°F)
Gas Fuels
- Gaseous fuels: molecules are in rapid movement and random motion, have no definite shape or volume, and assume the shape and volume of their container
- Examples of gas fuels: • Natural Gas: consists chiefly of methane, a colorless and odorless gas • Acetylene, propane, and butanes • Natural Gas is usually mixed with compounds of foul-smelling elements like sulfur to detect gas leaks
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Description
This quiz covers the definitions of fire and pyrolysis, including the chemical reactions involved and the principles of combustion.
