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Questions and Answers
The output of a finite automaton is either ______ or reject.
The output of a finite automaton is either ______ or reject.
accept
After reading each symbol, M1 moves from one state to another along the transition that has that symbol as its ______.
After reading each symbol, M1 moves from one state to another along the transition that has that symbol as its ______.
label
The output is accept if M1 is now in an ______ state and reject if it is not.
The output is accept if M1 is now in an ______ state and reject if it is not.
accept
M1 accepts any string that ends with a ______.
M1 accepts any string that ends with a ______.
It accepts strings that end with an even number of ______ following the last 1.
It accepts strings that end with an even number of ______ following the last 1.
A finite automaton has a set of ______ and a set of rules for going from one state to another.
A finite automaton has a set of ______ and a set of rules for going from one state to another.
A finite automaton has an ______ alphabet that indicates the allowed input symbols.
A finite automaton has an ______ alphabet that indicates the allowed input symbols.
We used ______ diagrams to introduce finite automata in the preceding section.
We used ______ diagrams to introduce finite automata in the preceding section.
A finite automaton has a ______ state and a set of accept states.
A finite automaton has a ______ state and a set of accept states.
A finite automaton is defined as a ______ consisting of five parts.
A finite automaton is defined as a ______ consisting of five parts.
The language of machine M is written as L(______) = A.
The language of machine M is written as L(______) = A.
Machine M ______ the language A if it accepts all strings in A.
Machine M ______ the language A if it accepts all strings in A.
A good way to begin understanding any machine is to try it on some ______ input strings.
A good way to begin understanding any machine is to try it on some ______ input strings.
Machine M2 accepts all strings that end in a ______.
Machine M2 accepts all strings that end in a ______.
Machine M3 is similar to M2 except for the location of the ______ state.
Machine M3 is similar to M2 except for the location of the ______ state.
The term recognize is preferred for languages to avoid confusion with machines accepting ______.
The term recognize is preferred for languages to avoid confusion with machines accepting ______.
To understand how computers work we use an idealized ______ called a computational model.
To understand how computers work we use an idealized ______ called a computational model.
Finite automata are good ______ for computers with an extremely limited amount of memory.
Finite automata are good ______ for computers with an extremely limited amount of memory.
The ______ diagram of M1 has three states, labeled q1, q2, and q3.
The ______ diagram of M1 has three states, labeled q1, q2, and q3.
The ______ state, q1, is indicated by the arrow pointing at it from nowhere.
The ______ state, q1, is indicated by the arrow pointing at it from nowhere.
The ______ state, q2, is the one with a double circle.
The ______ state, q2, is the one with a double circle.
The arrows going from one state to another are called ______.
The arrows going from one state to another are called ______.
Finite automata are used in speech processing and in ______ character recognition.
Finite automata are used in speech processing and in ______ character recognition.
Markov chains have been used to model and predict price changes in ______ markets.
Markov chains have been used to model and predict price changes in ______ markets.
Match the following finite automaton components with their definitions:
Match the following finite automaton components with their definitions:
Match the following finite automaton characteristics with their descriptions:
Match the following finite automaton characteristics with their descriptions:
Match the following terms with their descriptions related to finite automata:
Match the following terms with their descriptions related to finite automata:
Match the components of a finite automaton with their descriptions:
Match the components of a finite automaton with their descriptions:
Match the terms related to finite automata with their meanings:
Match the terms related to finite automata with their meanings:
Match the following finite automaton concepts with their explanations:
Match the following finite automaton concepts with their explanations:
Match the machine characteristics with their properties:
Match the machine characteristics with their properties:
Match the following terms with their descriptions related to finite automata:
Match the following terms with their descriptions related to finite automata:
Match the following finite automaton components with their representations:
Match the following finite automaton components with their representations:
Match the concepts related to understanding finite automata with their descriptions:
Match the concepts related to understanding finite automata with their descriptions:
Match the concepts related to finite automata with their applications:
Match the concepts related to finite automata with their applications:
Match the following finite automaton applications with their descriptions:
Match the following finite automaton applications with their descriptions:
Match the components of a machine with their descriptions:
Match the components of a machine with their descriptions:
Match the following finite automaton concepts with their explanations:
Match the following finite automaton concepts with their explanations:
Match the terms related to machine behavior with their meanings:
Match the terms related to machine behavior with their meanings:
Match the machine properties with their descriptions:
Match the machine properties with their descriptions:
Match the following components of a finite automaton with their descriptions:
Match the following components of a finite automaton with their descriptions:
Match the following terms related to finite automata with their meanings:
Match the following terms related to finite automata with their meanings:
Match the following applications of finite automata with their descriptions:
Match the following applications of finite automata with their descriptions:
Match the following concepts related to computational models with their descriptions:
Match the following concepts related to computational models with their descriptions:
Match the following components of a finite automaton with their representations:
Match the following components of a finite automaton with their representations:
Match the following terms related to finite automata with their meanings:
Match the following terms related to finite automata with their meanings:
Match the following applications of Markov chains with their descriptions:
Match the following applications of Markov chains with their descriptions:
Match the following concepts related to finite automata with their descriptions:
Match the following concepts related to finite automata with their descriptions:
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Study Notes
Finite Automata
- A finite automaton is a simple computational model that processes input strings and produces an output of either "accept" or "reject".
- The automaton processes the input string one symbol at a time from left to right, moving from one state to another based on the current state and input symbol.
- The output is "accept" if the automaton ends in an accept state, and "reject" otherwise.
Example of Finite Automaton M1
- M1 is a finite automaton with three states: q1, q2, and q3.
- The start state is q1, indicated by an arrow pointing to it.
- The accept state is q2, marked with a double circle.
- M1 accepts strings that end with a 1, and strings that end with an even number of 0s following the last 1.
Formal Definition of a Finite Automaton
- A finite automaton is a 5-tuple consisting of:
- A set of states
- An input alphabet
- Rules for moving from one state to another
- A start state
- A set of accept states
Language of a Machine
- If A is the set of all strings that a machine M accepts, then A is the language of machine M, denoted as L(M) = A.
- A machine recognizes a language, and may accept several strings within that language.
Understanding a Machine
- A good way to understand a machine is to try it on sample input strings to see how it works.
- By experimenting with different input strings, the machine's method of functioning often becomes apparent.
Finite Automaton
- A finite automaton is a machine that processes an input string and produces an output of either "accept" or "reject".
- The processing begins in the start state, and the automaton receives the input symbols one by one from left to right.
- After reading each symbol, the automaton moves from one state to another along the transition labeled with that symbol.
Formal Definition of a Finite Automation
- A finite automaton has a set of states, a set of rules for moving from one state to another, an input alphabet, a start state, and a set of accept states.
- A finite automaton is defined as a 5-tuple consisting of these five parts.
Language of a Machine
- If A is the set of all strings that a machine M accepts, then A is the language of machine M, denoted as L(M) = A.
- A machine M recognizes a language A, or accepts A.
- A machine may accept several strings, but it always recognizes only one language.
Understanding a Machine
- A good way to understand a machine is to try it on some sample input strings to see how it works.
- By experimenting with sample strings, the machine's method of functioning often becomes apparent.
Finite Automaton M1
- Machine M1 accepts strings that end with a 1, and strings that end with an even number of 0s following the last 1.
- M1 has three states: q1, q2, and q3, with q1 as the start state and q2 as an accept state.
Finite Automaton M2
- Machine M2 accepts all strings that end in a 1, denoted as L(M2) = {w | w ends in a 1}.
Theory of Computation
- The theory of computation begins with the question of what a computer is, and uses idealized models to understand how computers work.
- Finite automata are used as models for computers with extremely limited memory.
Applications of Finite Automata
- Finite automata are used in speech processing, optical character recognition, and modeling and predicting price changes in financial markets.
- They are found at the heart of various electromechanical devices.
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