Fingerprints Mrs. Cook Flashcards
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Questions and Answers

What is the most common type of fingerprint?

loop

Patent prints must be dusted or chemically treated in order to identify the ridge pattern and minutiae.

True

Whorls are the most common form of fingerprints.

False

No one has found two people with more than 8 minutiae in common.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

It is necessary to obtain a full print from a suspect in order to match his fingerprint with a fingerprint found at the crime scene.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

Fingerprints are formed within the basal layer of the skin.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

Identical twins have matching fingerprints.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

Fingerprints that are actual indentations left in some soft material such as clay or putty are referred to as?

<p>plastic</p> Signup and view all the answers

What program provides digital, automated fingerprint searches for the FBI?

<p>AFIS</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the three basic fingerprint patterns?

<p>Loop, Arch, Whorl</p> Signup and view all the answers

Explain the terms visible, plastic, and latent fingerprints.

<p>Plastic prints: actual indentations; Latent: transferred by oils or other body secretions; Patent: visible prints.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are minutiae and why are they important to fingerprinting?

<p>Minutiae are the small details in a fingerprint that can be used to determine whether or not the fingerprint is a true match.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What makes fingerprints reliable evidence to use in court? What determines whether a fingerprint is a true match?

<p>Minutiae</p> Signup and view all the answers

Explain two ways of visualizing latent prints.

<p>Iodine fuming, ninhydrin, and physical developer.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which chemical can be used on wood or Styrofoam and turns a print black or brown?

<p>silver nitrate</p> Signup and view all the answers

AFIS contains approximately how many fingerprint records?

<p>50 million</p> Signup and view all the answers

The FBI has found that no two individuals have?

<p>more than 8 common minutiae</p> Signup and view all the answers

Whose fingerprint identification method is still used today?

<p>Galton Henry</p> Signup and view all the answers

The computer searches the AFIS system and produces a list of file prints that match closest with search print; this takes approximately how long?

<p>2 hours</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what year did the FBI develop the Integrated Automated Fingerprint Identification System (AFIS)?

<p>199</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a core?

<p>The center of the loop or whorl.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Eccrine glands are primarily located on the ridges of the?

<p>hands and feet</p> Signup and view all the answers

Iris identification systems take only how long to scan the iris and look for patterns?

<p>2 seconds</p> Signup and view all the answers

Every fingerprint is different.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which patterns have a delta?

<p>arch, right loop, and tented arch</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does AFIS stand for?

<p>Automated Fingerprint Identification System</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the least common fingerprint?

<p>arch</p> Signup and view all the answers

What layer is the fingerprint in?

<p>Dermal</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Fingerprint Basics

  • The most common type of fingerprint is a loop.
  • Three basic fingerprint patterns: Loop, Arch, Whorl.
  • The least common fingerprint pattern is an arch.

Types of Fingerprints

  • Visible (patent) prints can be seen without enhancement.
  • Plastic prints are actual indentations left in soft materials (like clay).
  • Latent fingerprints are not visible and require fuming or chemical treatments to reveal.

Fingerprint Characteristics

  • Minutiae refer to small details in fingerprints, includes ridge endings and bifurcations.
  • No two individuals have more than 8 common minutiae, making fingerprints reliable for identification.
  • Fingerprints are formed in the basal layer of the skin, ensuring uniqueness among individuals.

Identification Processes

  • AFIS (Automated Fingerprint Identification System) enables digital searches for fingerprint identification, containing approximately 50 million records.
  • The search process in AFIS takes about 2 hours to match fingerprints.
  • Iodine fuming and ninhydrin are methods used for visualizing latent prints.

Chemical Treatments

  • Silver nitrate is effective on wood or Styrofoam, turning prints black or brown.
  • The core is the center of a loop or whorl pattern in fingerprints.

Miscellaneous Facts

  • Identical twins do not share the same fingerprints.
  • Eccrine glands, related to fingerprints, are primarily located on the hands and feet.
  • Iris identification systems can scan and recognize patterns in just 2 seconds.
  • The fingerprint layer is referred to as the dermal layer.

Historical Context

  • The fingerprint identification method developed by Sir Francis Galton is still utilized today.
  • In 1999, the FBI developed the Integrated Automated Fingerprint Identification System (AFIS).

True/False Statements

  • Patent prints require dusting or chemical treatment to identify ridge patterns. (True)
  • It is necessary to have a full print from a suspect to match fingerprints found at a crime scene. (False)
  • No one has found two people with more than 8 minutiae in common. (True)
  • All fingerprints are different. (True)

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Description

Test your knowledge about fingerprints with these flashcards designed by Mrs. Cook. This quiz covers common types of fingerprints, identification methods, and fascinating facts about ridge patterns and minutiae. Perfect for studying and reinforcing your understanding of forensic science.

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