Financial Statement Analysis
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Questions and Answers

What is the main purpose of the Cash Flow Statement?

  • To calculate a company's financial ratios
  • To report the changes in a company's cash and cash equivalents (correct)
  • To analyze a company's liquidity position
  • To evaluate a company's profitability

What is the result of the Cash Flow from Financing activities?

  • Depreciation and amortization
  • Net income after tax
  • Cash received from issue of shares or debt and borrowing minus cash paid for dividend, repaying short and long-term borrowing and reacquisition of debt or capital (correct)
  • Cash flow from operating activities

What is the purpose of adjusting for non-operating gains and losses in the Cash Flow Statement?

  • To exclude non-cash items from the cash flow statement (correct)
  • To recognize gains and losses from non-operating activities
  • To increase the company's net income
  • To reduce the company's income tax liability

What is the classification of the Cash Flow Statement that includes dividends paid and repayment of debt?

<p>Cash Flow from Financing Activities (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the Cash Flow Statement in financial analysis?

<p>To analyze a company's liquidity position and ability to generate cash (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the statement of cash flows help the financial manager/bankers to assess?

<p>A company's ability to generate future net cash inflows from operations (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of segregating cash inflows and outflows into three broad categories?

<p>To identify the reasons for differences between net income and net cash flow from operating activities (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a category of activities in the statement of cash flows?

<p>Dividend activity (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the statement of cash flows explain?

<p>Changes in a company's cash and cash equivalents (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary revenue-producing activity listed in the statement of cash flows?

<p>Operating activity (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the Cash Flow from Investing Activities section in the Cash Flow Statement?

<p>To report investments made in property, plant, and equipment, and other non-current assets (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of combining the Net Cash Flow from Operating, Investing, and Financing Activities?

<p>The change in a company's cash balance over a period of time (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of financing is represented by an increase in Long-term Loans/Bonds Payable?

<p>Debt financing (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the Cash Flow from Financing Activities section in the Cash Flow Statement?

<p>To report changes in a company's cash position due to financing activities, such as borrowing and repayment of loans (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between the Opening Cash & Bank Balance and the Cash Balance on hand at the end of the year?

<p>The Opening Cash &amp; Bank Balance is added to the Cash Balance on hand at the end of the year (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the implication of a positive net financing cash flow if it is the result of excessive borrowing?

<p>It will have an adverse effect on the debt-equity ratio and debt servicing capacity of the firm. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary concern of a credit analyst when analyzing a firm's cash flow profile?

<p>Understanding the tradeoff between tax advantages and bankruptcy costs. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does a negative net financing cash flow indicate?

<p>The firm has repaid existing loans or distributed more dividends. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary consideration when evaluating a firm's capital expenditure in line with its business strategy?

<p>Consistency of capital expenditure. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of a positive net financing cash flow if it is the result of an increase in equity capital?

<p>It is a sign of a healthy financial position. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of Cash Flow from Operations?

<p>Cash received from sale of goods and services minus cash paid for operations and goods &amp; services (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the investing activity in the Cash Flow Statement?

<p>To record the acquiring and disposing activities of long term assets and investments (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of a cash outflow from financing activity?

<p>Cash paid to repay debt (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of a cash inflow from operating activity?

<p>Cash received from selling goods and services (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of a cash outflow from operating activity?

<p>Cash paid to pay suppliers for inventory (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the total value of Assets of Sohana Ltd. as at December 31, 2019?

<p>Tk. 277,000 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the value of Plant Assets sold during the year ended December 31, 2019?

<p>Tk. 62,500 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the value of Bonds redeemed at face value during the year ended December 31, 2019?

<p>Tk. 60,000 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the value of Cash Dividends declared and paid during the year ended December 31, 2019?

<p>Tk. 8,500 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the value of Additional Equipment purchased during the year ended December 31, 2019?

<p>Tk. 60,000 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the value of Total Liabilities and Equity of Sohana Ltd. as at December 31, 2019?

<p>Tk. 283,500 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the value of Accrued Expenses of Sohana Ltd. as at December 31, 2019?

<p>Tk. 13,000 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the value of Retained Earnings of Sohana Ltd. as at December 31, 2019?

<p>Tk. 123,000 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the value of Cost of Goods Sold of Sohana Ltd. for the year ended December 31, 2019?

<p>Tk. 500,000 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the total net cash flow from operating activities?

<p>Tk. 128,500 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does a large amount of positive net operating cash flows indicate?

<p>Economic viability of a firm (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main reason behind negative net operating cash flows?

<p>Increase in inventory and account receivable (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the total cash sales collection from credit sales?

<p>Tk. 1,024,000 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the ending cash balance on hand?

<p>Tk. 42,900 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary concern of a short-term creditor when evaluating a loan?

<p>The borrower's ability to pay obligations when they come due (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary emphasis of a bondholder when evaluating a company?

<p>Profitability and solvency (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary objective of financial statement analysis?

<p>To evaluate the company's past performance and current financial position (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of analyzing an income statement and balance sheet?

<p>To assess a company's financial health (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of stockholders when assessing a company?

<p>Profitability and solvency (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary objective of sensitivity analysis in project financial appraisal?

<p>To identify the project's most critical variables (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key consideration in evaluating a project's capital structure?

<p>The project's financial risk (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of ratio analysis in financial statement analysis?

<p>To evaluate the operating and financial performance of a firm (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of cash flow statement analysis in project financial appraisal?

<p>To determine the project's cash flow generation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of ratio measures the company's potentiality and performance?

<p>Growth Ratio (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key consideration in evaluating a project's working capital requirements?

<p>The project's asset structure (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can be evaluated through ratio analysis?

<p>Financial strength and weakness of a firm (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary objective of financial projection and preparation of projected financial statements in project financial appraisal?

<p>To forecast the project's financial performance (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main advantage of using ratio analysis in financial statement analysis?

<p>It enables to understand the actual financial condition of a firm (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between two figures expressed through a ratio?

<p>Mathematical relationship (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of segregating cash inflows and outflows into three broad categories in the statement of cash flows?

<p>To distinguish between the company's ability to generate cash and its ability to generate profits (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can a company's ability to generate future net cash inflows from operations indicate to financial managers or bankers?

<p>The company's ability to pay its debts and dividends (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can be inferred about a company if its net cash flow from operating activities is consistently higher than its net income?

<p>The company is generating cash from its core operations (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can be a potential consequence of a company's reliance on external financing to meet its liquidity needs?

<p>Increased debt burden (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can be a key benefit of analyzing a company's statement of cash flows in conjunction with its other financial statements?

<p>Assessing the company's ability to generate cash and manage its liquidity (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the classification of the current liabilities 'Short Term Bank Borrowings' in the balance sheet of Ahmed Toys (Pvt.) Limited?

<p>Short-term Bank Borrowings (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of analyzing the 'Due from Affiliates' account in the balance sheet of Ahmed Toys (Pvt.) Limited?

<p>To determine the liquidity of the company (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between the 'Retained Earnings' account and the 'Net Worth' of Ahmed Toys (Pvt.) Limited?

<p>Retained Earnings is a component of Net Worth (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of analyzing the 'Inventory' account in the balance sheet of Ahmed Toys (Pvt.) Limited?

<p>To determine the liquidity of the company (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the classification of the 'Tangible Fixed Assets' account in the balance sheet of Ahmed Toys (Pvt.) Limited?

<p>Non-Current Asset (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What may indicate that a firm has either repaid existing loans or distributed more dividends?

<p>Negative net financing cash flow (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a credit analyst trying to understand when analyzing a firm's tradeoff between tax advantages from increased debt and bankruptcy cost?

<p>The firm's cash flow profile (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is essential when considering a firm's capital expenditure in line with its business strategy?

<p>Consistency with business strategy and growth opportunities (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does a positive net financing cash flow indicate if it is the result of an increase in equity capital?

<p>The firm is financially healthy (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary concern for a credit analyst when analyzing a firm's cash flow profile?

<p>The firm's ability to manage its tradeoff between tax advantages and bankruptcy cost (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the Total Liability to Net Worth ratio measure?

<p>The extent to which debt financing is used relative to equity financing (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of a Cash Flow Statement?

<p>To report the cash receipts, cash payments, and net change in cash of a firm (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of ratio analysis is useful for evaluating a firm's liquidity?

<p>Liquidity ratio analysis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the ratio that measures the extent to which debt financing is used relative to equity financing?

<p>Total Liability to Net Worth ratio (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of financial statement analysis?

<p>To evaluate the performance of a firm and make informed decisions (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the statement that reports a firm's cash receipts, cash payments, and net change in cash?

<p>Cash Flow Statement (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of ratio analysis in financial statement analysis?

<p>To identify trends and patterns in a firm's financial data (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the ratio that measures the extent to which a firm has been financed by debt?

<p>Leverage ratio (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of segregating cash inflows and outflows into three broad categories in the Cash Flow Statement?

<p>To identify the sources and uses of a firm's cash (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main advantage of using ratio analysis in financial statement analysis?

<p>It helps to identify trends and patterns in a firm's financial data (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the Inventory in Days ratio indicate?

<p>The average number of days the inventory is held before it is turned into accounts receivable through sales (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the rule of thumb for the Sales to Total Assets ratio?

<p>Higher is better (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the Quick Ratio measure?

<p>A company's ability to meet its current debts with its most liquid assets (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the rule of thumb for the Working Capital Components ratio?

<p>Higher is better (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the Current Ratio measure?

<p>A company's ability to meet its current debts with its current assets (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary concern for a short-term creditor when evaluating a borrower?

<p>Liquidity (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of financial statement analysis?

<p>To evaluate a company's past performance and current financial position (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does a long-term creditor consider when evaluating a firm?

<p>Profitability and solvency (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary objective of analyzing an income statement and balance sheet?

<p>To assess a company's profitability and solvency (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key consideration for stockholders when assessing a company?

<p>Profitability and solvency (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of ratio analysis in financial statement analysis?

<p>To evaluate financial performance of a firm and identify its strengths and weaknesses (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does a ratio express in financial analysis?

<p>A mathematical relationship between two figures (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of financial statement analysis?

<p>To analyze the financial performance of a firm and make informed decisions (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of segregating cash inflows and outflows into three broad categories in the cash flow statement?

<p>To analyze the cash flows of a firm from different activities (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can be evaluated through ratio analysis?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of leverage ratios?

<p>To measure the extent to which a firm has been financed by debt (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of ratio analysis is useful for evaluating a firm's liquidity?

<p>Liquidity ratios (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of a Cash Flow Statement?

<p>To summarize a firm's cash inflows and outflows (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does a high Total Liability to Net Worth ratio indicate?

<p>A high level of debt financing (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the implication of a negative net financing cash flow?

<p>The firm has either repaid existing loans or distributed more dividends. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the ratio that measures the extent to which debt financing is used relative to equity financing?

<p>Total Liability to Net Worth ratio (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a credit analyst trying to understand when analyzing a firm's cash flow profile?

<p>The firm's tradeoff between tax advantages from increased debt and bankruptcy cost. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary concern of a credit analyst when analyzing a firm's cash flow profile?

<p>The firm's tradeoff between tax advantages from increased debt and bankruptcy cost. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does a positive net financing cash flow indicate if it is the result of an increase in equity capital?

<p>The firm is relying on equity capital to fund its operations. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary objective of analyzing a firm's cash flow statement?

<p>To evaluate the firm's liquidity position. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the Interest Coverage Ratio measure?

<p>The ability of a company to generate cash to pay interest and principal repayments (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the Debt Service Coverage Ratio reflect?

<p>The ability of a company to serve its long-term debt (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of Activity Ratios in financial statement analysis?

<p>To evaluate a company's efficiency in utilizing its assets (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the Receivable in Days ratio indicate?

<p>The average number of days it takes to collect accounts receivable (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the rule of thumb for the Interest Coverage Ratio?

<p>Higher is better (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main objective of industry analysis in a marketing plan?

<p>To identify the main sources of competitive forces that lie within the industry (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is included in a market analysis?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary consideration when analyzing the marketing aspect of a project?

<p>Both a and b (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary objective of analyzing the company's internal environment?

<p>To analyze the company's competencies and resource strengths (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of Porter's Five Forces model?

<p>To identify the main sources of competitive forces that lie within the industry (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of marketing analysis?

<p>Industry analysis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of analyzing consumer behavior?

<p>To understand consumer attitudes and preferences (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is included in a marketing analysis?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of identifying the company's external environment?

<p>To analyze the company's external environment (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of a marketing plan?

<p>Industry analysis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of Internal Credit Risk Rating System?

<p>To facilitate the portfolio management activities (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be used to assess the line of business if the borrower is in multiple lines of business?

<p>The sector with the highest revenue and/or profit (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the authority to sanction/approve loans delegated to?

<p>Managing Director (MD)/Chief Executive Officer (CEO) and Board of Directors (BOD) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be used if the right sector or industry is not selected?

<p>Other industry (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of Internal Credit Risk Rating System in credit selection?

<p>To be used for individual credit selection, credit pricing, and setting credit limit and terms and conditions (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who is responsible for identifying early alert accounts and reporting them to CRM?

<p>Relationship Manager (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary responsibility of the Recovery Unit in each bank?

<p>To determine recovery strategy and pursue all options to maximize recovery (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who is responsible for approving the Classified Loan Review Report for NPLs up to a certain percentage of the bank's capital?

<p>Head of Credit (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of the account manager in the Recovery Unit?

<p>To coordinate and administer the action plan and serve as the primary customer contact (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of reviewing the strategy and adequacy of provisions for NPLs?

<p>To ensure timely loan loss provisioning (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary objective of credit investigation?

<p>To identify good borrowers and prevent bad credit (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it essential to select a good borrower?

<p>To ensure loan repayment and minimize credit risk (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of a banker when sanctioning credit?

<p>To ensure loan repayment and minimize credit risk (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is curative measure costlier than preventive measure in credit risk management?

<p>Because curative measures require more time and money (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of collecting information from different parties, including the Credit Information Bureau (CIB) report?

<p>To assess the creditworthiness of the borrower (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of Internal Credit Risk Rating System (ICRRs)?

<p>To provide a granular, objective, transparent, consistent framework for the measurement and assessment of borrowers' credit risk (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the key reference for credit risk assessment and decision making?

<p>Internal Credit Risk Rating (ICRR) score (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is considered during the credit assessment of a borrower?

<p>Liquidity, cash flow, profitability, debt profile, market indicators, and industry background (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why do participatory banks perform their own independent assessment and review of terms of the syndicate loan?

<p>To mitigate their own credit risk (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the credit assessment of a group of companies?

<p>Obligor (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the next step after the credit proposal is approved by the approval authority?

<p>Sending the approved proposal to Credit Administration (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who should take legal action against defaulted borrowers as a last resort to recovery credit?

<p>Recovery Unit (RU) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of introducing an incentive program for Recovery Unit (RU)?

<p>To encourage RU to bring down the NPLs (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the Board in credit risk management?

<p>To receive a copy of the credit proposal approved by the MD/CEO (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the Credit Administration (CAD) in credit operations?

<p>To issue sanction advice and ensure compliance (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of credit risk management in banks?

<p>To manage risk and return (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of a well-defined credit policy in banks?

<p>To ensure good credit portfolio (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is credit risk management critical for banks?

<p>Because it helps in managing risk and return (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the importance of credit assessment in banks?

<p>To determine creditworthiness of borrowers (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of total assets of commercial banks in Bangladesh constitute loans and advances?

<p>65% (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of the procedural guidelines in a bank's credit operation?

<p>To manage credit risk (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who is responsible for sanctioning and disbursing the credit budget in a bank?

<p>Credit Committee/CRM (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of Relationship Management (RM) in a bank?

<p>To act as a primary bank contact with a borrower (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of the credit budget in a bank?

<p>To allocate funds for lending (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the overall sequence of activities involved in credit operations in a bank?

<p>Discussion between bank and client, loan disbursement, loan recovery (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the credit committee/CRM in a bank?

<p>To review and approve loan proposals (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of a bank's credit policy?

<p>To minimize credit risk (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of Bangladesh Bank in guiding a bank's credit operations?

<p>To provide guidelines for credit risk management (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary consideration in a bank's credit operations?

<p>Minimizing credit risk (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a bank's procedural guidelines in credit operations?

<p>To manage credit risk (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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