Financial Position and Liabilities Definition Quiz

Study Flashcards Play Quiz

Questions and Answers

What is the concept known as when a business is assumed to be completely separate from its owners?

Business entity

What does a business need to obtain in exchange for money in order to provide goods or services?

Items and supplies

How do accountants often refer to an organisation that prepares accounts as?

Separate entity

What are the two conditions that must be met for a transaction to be recorded in accounting?

Financial impact and measurable outcome Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of accounting in recording business transactions?

Capturing financial results Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of a business according to the given text?

To make a profit for its owners Signup and view all the answers

What does the statement of profit or loss (SPL) measure?

Financial performance of the entity Signup and view all the answers

Who are the internal users of financial records according to the text?

Employees and business owners Signup and view all the answers

What is capital made up of according to the text?

Money put into the business, profits, losses, and money taken out by the owner Signup and view all the answers

What does the accounting equation Assets = Capital + Liabilities represent?

Fundamental principle of double-entry accounting Signup and view all the answers

What classifies as current assets according to the text?

Assets that will be converted into cash within 12 months Signup and view all the answers

How are non-current assets defined in the text?

Assets used by a business over several accounting periods Signup and view all the answers

What is a present economic resource controlled by the entity as a result of past events called according to the text?

Current assets Signup and view all the answers

What is a present obligation of the entity to transfer an economic resource as a result of past events called according to the text?

Current liabilities Signup and view all the answers

How does every transaction within a business affect the accounting equation according to the text?

On assets and liabilities Signup and view all the answers

What is a liability classified as when it must be settled within 12 months according to the text?

Current liability Signup and view all the answers

What does an economic resource controlled by the entity as a result of past events represent according to the text?

A current asset Signup and view all the answers

What represents a right that has the potential to produce future economic benefits according to the text?

Economic resource Signup and view all the answers

What does a liability represent in the statement of financial position?

Credit balance Signup and view all the answers

How is capital (or equity) defined according to the Framework?

A right with the potential to produce economic benefits Signup and view all the answers

What does drawings represent in the context of financial statements?

Amounts taken out of the business by the owner for personal use Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary form of income for most businesses according to the text?

Sales revenue generated from the sale of goods and services Signup and view all the answers

How are expenses classified in a sole trader's accounts according to the text?

Cost of sales, overheads or expenses, and finance costs Signup and view all the answers

What is the accounting equation for Capital in terms of assets and liabilities?

$Capital = Assets - Liabilities$ Signup and view all the answers

What happens to a business's capital and net assets if it makes a profit?

Increase Signup and view all the answers

What effect does a loss have on a business's capital and net assets?

Decrease Signup and view all the answers

What represents decreases in assets or increases in liabilities that result in decreases in equity?

Expenses Signup and view all the answers

How is income defined according to the Framework?

Increases in assets or decreases in liabilities that result in increases in equity, other than those relating to contributions from holders of equity claims. Signup and view all the answers

The concept of business entity means that a business's financial transactions are recorded together with its owner's private income and expenditure.

False Signup and view all the answers

Accounting records only the non-financial results of business transactions.

False Signup and view all the answers

An entity, according to accountants, refers to any organization that prepares accounts as a separate entity from its owners.

True Signup and view all the answers

In order for a transaction to be recorded, it must be possible to measure the effect of the transaction in terms of money.

True Signup and view all the answers

A business exists to make a profit for its owners according to the given text.

True Signup and view all the answers

The primary focus of accounting in recording business transactions is to record the financial results of those transactions.

True Signup and view all the answers

Drawings are any amounts put into the business by the owner for their own personal use.

False Signup and view all the answers

Income includes increases in assets or decreases in liabilities that result in decreases in equity.

False Signup and view all the answers

Expenses are reported as credit entries in the statement of profit or loss.

False Signup and view all the answers

The accounting equation can be stated as: Assets = Capital + Liabilities.

True Signup and view all the answers

If a business makes a profit, its capital and net assets decrease.

False Signup and view all the answers

The two simplest forms of the accounting equation are: Capital = Assets + Liabilities and Assets = Capital – Liabilities.

False Signup and view all the answers

Capital equals the amount of money invested in a business, plus all profits to date, less all losses to date and less all drawings to date.

True Signup and view all the answers

Liabilities appear as debit balances in the statement of financial position.

False Signup and view all the answers

Revenue normally consists of income from sales of goods and services, reported net of sales tax.

True Signup and view all the answers

An economic resource is defined as ‘a right that has the potential to produce economic benefits’ according to the Framework para 4.4.

True Signup and view all the answers

The statement of financial position (SFP) shows the profit or loss made by the business for the period.

False Signup and view all the answers

Employees who have bookkeeping and accounting responsibilities are considered external users of financial records.

False Signup and view all the answers

External providers of finance to the business, such as a bank, are not considered external users of accounting information.

False Signup and view all the answers

All assets are classified as non-current assets in the statement of financial position.

False Signup and view all the answers

Trade receivables are classified as non-current assets.

False Signup and view all the answers

A liability represents the amount invested by the owner in the business.

False Signup and view all the answers

The accounting equation Assets = Capital + Liabilities represents the relationship between assets, capital, and liabilities in a business.

True Signup and view all the answers

Every transaction within a business has two unequal and opposite effects on the accounting equation.

False Signup and view all the answers

The key issue regarding assets is that the entity has no control over the resources.

False Signup and view all the answers

Non-current liabilities are liabilities that must be settled within 12 months.

False Signup and view all the answers

Capital is made up of all the money put into the business by its owner, plus all the losses made by the business, and less all the money taken out of the business by the owner.

True Signup and view all the answers

Drawings represent amounts owed by the business to external third parties, such as suppliers or a bank.

False Signup and view all the answers

Match the following financial statement with its description:

Statement of profit or loss (SPL) = Shows the profit or loss made by the business for the period Statement of financial position (SFP) = Shows all the assets and liabilities of the business at the end of the period Signup and view all the answers

Match the following types of assets with their classification:

Current assets = Assets that will be sold or consumed within the business’s operating cycle Non-current assets = Assets that are not current assets and will be used over several accounting periods Signup and view all the answers

Match the following types of liabilities with their classification:

Current liabilities = Liabilities that must be settled within 12 months Non-current liabilities = Liabilities that do not need to be settled for at least one year Signup and view all the answers

Match the following components of capital with their definition:

Capital introduced = All the money put into the business by its owner Drawings = All the money taken out of the business by the owner Signup and view all the answers

Match the following terms with their definitions:

Asset = A present economic resource controlled by the entity as a result of past events Liability = A present obligation of the entity to transfer an economic resource as a result of past events Signup and view all the answers

Match the following financial concepts with their characteristics:

Current assets = Will be sold or consumed within the business’s operating cycle Non-current assets = Will be used over several accounting periods Signup and view all the answers

Match the following concepts with their definitions:

Business entity = A business is assumed to be completely separate from its owners Entity = Any organization that prepares accounts as a separate entity from its owners Capital = Made up of all the money put into the business by its owner, plus all the losses made by the business, and less all the money taken out of the business by the owner Liability = A present obligation of the entity to transfer an economic resource as a result of past events Signup and view all the answers

Match the following accounting terms with their meanings:

Trade receivables = Amounts owed by customers to the business for goods or services provided on credit Drawings = Any amounts taken out of the business by the owner for their own personal use Expense = Costs incurred by the business in order to generate revenue Income = Increases in economic benefits during the accounting period in the form of inflows or enhancements of assets or decreases of liabilities that result in increases in equity Signup and view all the answers

Match the following statements with their correctness according to the text:

A business is always assumed to be completely separate from its owners. = True Accounting records only the non-financial results of business transactions. = False The statement of financial position (SFP) shows the profit or loss made by the business for the period. = False External providers of finance to the business, such as a bank, are not considered external users of accounting information. = False Signup and view all the answers

Match the following key accounting principles with their descriptions:

Entity concept = A business is assumed to be completely separate from its owners Matching principle = Expenses should be recognized and recorded when they are incurred, not when they are paid Revenue recognition principle = Revenue is recognized when it is realized and earned, not when cash is received Cost principle = Assets should be recorded at their historical cost when acquired Signup and view all the answers

Match the following types of assets with their definitions:

Non-current assets = Assets expected to provide economic benefits for more than one year Current assets = Assets that are expected to be realized in cash or sold or consumed during the normal operating cycle of the business Signup and view all the answers

Match the following financial statement elements with their representations:

Statement of profit or loss (SPL) = Measures income and expenses over a period of time, resulting in net profit or loss Statement of financial position (SFP) = Shows a company's financial position at a specific point in time, including its assets, liabilities, and equity Signup and view all the answers

Match the following financial elements with their definitions:

Liabilities = Obligations of the entity to transfer economic resources as a result of past events Capital = The residual interest in the assets of the entity after deducting all its liabilities Drawings = Any amounts taken out of the business by the owner for personal use Income = Increases in assets or decreases in liabilities that result in increases in equity, other than those relating to contributions from holders of equity claims Signup and view all the answers

Match the following accounting terms with their descriptions:

Assets = Economic resources controlled by the entity as a result of past events, from which future economic benefits are expected Expenses = Decreases in assets or increases in liabilities that result in decreases in equity, other than those relating to contributions from holders of equity claims Revenue = Income from sales of goods and services, reported net of sales tax Equity = The owner’s net investment in the business Signup and view all the answers

Match the following statements with the correct financial element:

Capital = Assets - Liabilities = Accounting equation representing the relationship between assets, capital, and liabilities in a business Drawings reduce the capital balance reported in the statement of financial position. = Effect of drawings on the financial statement Expenses are debits in the statement of profit or loss. = Treatment of expenses in financial statements Liabilities appear as credit balances in the statement of financial position. = Presentation of liabilities in financial statements Signup and view all the answers

Match the following terms with their classifications in financial statements:

Cost of sales = Represents the cost of goods sold, including purchase price of inventory and carriage inwards Overheads or expenses = Includes all administration, selling, and distribution costs Finance costs = Interest paid on loans and overdrafts Sales revenue = Primary form of income for most businesses, reported net of sales tax Signup and view all the answers

Match the following equations with their meanings:

Capital = Opening net assets + Profit – Drawings = Calculation of capital based on opening net assets, profit, and drawings Assets – Liabilities = Capital introduced + Revenue – Expenses – Drawings = Expanded form of accounting equation representing changes in assets and liabilities If a business makes a profit its capital and net assets increase. = Effect of profit on capital and net assets If a business makes a loss its capital and net assets decrease. = Effect of loss on capital and net assets Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Business Entity Concept

A business is assumed to be completely separate from its owners, meaning its financial transactions are recorded separately.

Business Operations

A business needs to obtain money in exchange for goods or services to operate.
The primary focus of accounting in recording business transactions is to record the financial results of those transactions.
The main purpose of a business is to make a profit, but the text does not explicitly state it is for its owners.

Accounting Terms

Accountants often refer to an organization that prepares accounts as an entity.
The statement of profit or loss (SPL) measures the profit or loss made by the business for a period.
Internal users of financial records include employees with bookkeeping and accounting responsibilities.

Accounting Equation

The accounting equation is Assets = Capital + Liabilities.
Capital equals the amount of money invested in a business, plus all profits to date, less all losses to date, and less all drawings to date.
If a business makes a profit, its capital and net assets increase.
If a business makes a loss, its capital and net assets decrease.

Assets

Capital is made up of assets, which are economic resources controlled by the entity as a result of past events.
Assets represent a right that has the potential to produce future economic benefits.
Current assets are classified as assets that are expected to be converted into cash or consumed within 12 months.
Non-current assets are classified as assets that are not expected to be converted into cash or consumed within 12 months.

Liabilities

Liabilities are present obligations of the entity to transfer an economic resource as a result of past events.
A liability represents a decrease in assets or an increase in liabilities that results in a decrease in equity.
Current liabilities are classified as liabilities that must be settled within 12 months.
Non-current liabilities are classified as liabilities that do not need to be settled within 12 months.

Capital (Equity)

Capital, or equity, is the residual interest in the assets of the entity after deducting its liabilities.
Drawings represent amounts taken out of the business by the owner for their own personal use.

Income and Expenses

Income includes increases in assets or decreases in liabilities that result in increases in equity.
Revenue normally consists of income from sales of goods and services, reported net of sales tax.
Expenses are decreases in assets or increases in liabilities that result in decreases in equity.
Expenses are reported as debit entries in the statement of profit or loss.

Studying That Suits You

Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.