6. Intelligence Collection Disciplines

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is NOT one of the kinds of intelligence mentioned in the text?

Military intelligence

Technological intelligence (correct)

Social intelligence

Cultural intelligence

What are the five main ways of gathering intelligence referred to as?

The INTs (correct)

The Disciplines

The Methods

The Techniques

What is open-source intelligence?

Intelligence gathered through espionage

Intelligence gathered through secret or covert means

Intelligence derived from human sources

The use of materials available to the public by intelligence agencies and other adversaries (correct)

What are some limitations of open-source intelligence collection?

Articles in military or scientific journals may not represent actual capabilities Signup and view all the answers

Which type of imagery is displayed on electronic terminals?

Soft-copy imagery Signup and view all the answers

Which country was the imagery intelligence threat largely restricted to in the past?

Russia Signup and view all the answers

What are some systems that can be used to purchase imagery?

The French SPOT MSI and pan-chromatic imaging system Signup and view all the answers

What is the discipline of tracking financial transactions to infer adversaries’ capabilities, intentions, and networks called?

FININT Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of FININT?

Terrorist financing and money laundering Signup and view all the answers

What is the objective of tasking and coordination meetings in intelligence management?

To provide a mechanism for decision making Signup and view all the answers

What are the three levels of impact in intelligence management?

Strategic, operational, and tactical Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of strategic tasking and coordination in intelligence and law enforcement effort?

To establish priorities for prevention Signup and view all the answers

Which intelligence collection method involves intercepting telemetry from an opponent's weapons systems as they are being tested?

FISINT Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of MASINT?

To obtain quantitative and qualitative analysis of data derived from specific technical sensors Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of IMINT?

To analyze imagery to detect, classify, and identify objects or organizations Signup and view all the answers

Which intelligence collection method detects information patterns not previously exploited by sensors?

MASINT Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT an area of study for intelligence collection?

The political climate of the country Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of intelligence analysis?

To provide guidance to policymakers Signup and view all the answers

When are intelligence activities conducted?

During the period of transition to war Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between military and nonmilitary intelligence capabilities?

They interact to inform the spectrum of political and military activities Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes CYBINT?

Intelligence gathered from cyberspace Signup and view all the answers

What is SOCMINT?

Intelligence gathered from social media networks Signup and view all the answers

Who compiles data entries in social networks to process them into useful and meaningful intelligence?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a benefit of using SOCMINT?

Providing actionable intelligence on traditional media sources Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between the strategic tasking and coordination group and the tactical tasking and coordination group?

The tactical tasking and coordination group is a sub-group of the strategic tasking and coordination group Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of SOCMINT?

The analytical exploitation of information available on social media networks Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true about HUMINT collection?

It is the oldest method for collecting information about a foreign power Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between sensitive and overt HUMINT activities?

Sensitive activities require the sponsor to be protected from disclosure, while overt activities do not Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary advantage of HUMINT over technical collection systems?

HUMINT can provide access to internal memoranda and compartmented information Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between COMINT and ELINT?

COMINT includes information derived from intercepted communications transmissions, while ELINT includes the interception and analysis of non-communications transmissions Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT an intelligence collection discipline?

COMINT Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of intelligence collection?

To provide guidance and direction to policymakers/commanders Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between tactical and strategic intelligence activities?

Tactical activities are focused on specific missions, while strategic activities have a broader scope Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of incorporating information requirements into the intelligence collection process?

To ensure that policymakers' needs are met Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of FININT?

Identifying intermediaries involved in financing operations Signup and view all the answers

What is the objective of tasking and coordination meetings in intelligence management?

To achieve maximum impact from the intelligence effort Signup and view all the answers

What are the three levels of impact in intelligence management?

Strategic, operational, and tactical Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of strategic tasking and coordination in intelligence and law enforcement effort?

To establish priorities for prevention, intelligence, and enforcement opportunities Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of OSINT?

Using materials available to the public by intelligence agencies and other adversaries Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of HUMINT?

Deriving intelligence from human sources Signup and view all the answers

What are the five main intelligence collection disciplines or INTs?

HUMINT, SIGINT, IMINT, COMINT, and OSINT Signup and view all the answers

What are some limitations of HUMINT collection?

It may be subject to deception and manipulation by human sources Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a space-based imagery system mentioned in the text?

JERS-1 multi-sensor imager Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true about the commercial imagery market according to the text?

It is likely to continue to grow at an exponential rate Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary limitation of imagery quality according to the text?

Adverse weather Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of geospatial intelligence according to the text?

To produce visual representation of security-related activities on the earth Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a primary method for collecting HUMINT?

Intelligence analysts Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between sensitive and clandestine HUMINT activities?

Sensitive HUMINT activities involve the disclosure of the sponsor's identity, while clandestine HUMINT activities protect the sponsor's identity. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of COMINT?

Collecting information from intercepted communications transmissions Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between HUMINT and technical collection systems?

Technical collection systems are limited to determining capabilities, while HUMINT can provide key insights into the intentions of an adversary Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a type of intelligence mentioned in the text?

FININT Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of CYBINT?

Intelligence gathered from cyberspace Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary use of SOCMINT?

To analyze information available on social media networks Signup and view all the answers

Who compiles data entries in social networks to process them into useful and meaningful intelligence?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between the strategic tasking and coordination group and the tactical tasking and coordination group?

The strategic group provides direction to the tactical group Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of using the SOCMINT tool?

To construct situational knowledge in rapidly changing situations Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of MASINT?

To obtain scientific and technical intelligence information by analyzing data derived from specific technical sensors Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of IMINT?

To exploit data to detect, classify, and identify objects or organizations Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between RADINT and IRINT?

RADINT is the exploitation of data to detect, classify, and identify objects or organizations using radar sensors, while IRINT is the exploitation of data to detect, classify, and identify objects or organizations using infrared sensors Signup and view all the answers

What is the main advantage of using MASINT sensors for intelligence collection?

MASINT sensors collect information that is considered peripheral in nature by the targeted nation Signup and view all the answers

Intelligence collection involves analyzing data from a wide range of sources to support decision-making.

True Signup and view all the answers

Intelligence activities are only conducted during wartime.

False Signup and view all the answers

Most governments have both military and nonmilitary intelligence capabilities.

True Signup and view all the answers

True or false: Personnel selected for intelligence duties are primarily chosen based on their formal training.

False Signup and view all the answers

True or false: Open-source intelligence is only derived from materials available to the public.

True Signup and view all the answers

True or false: HUMINT collection primarily involves gathering intelligence through technological means.

False Signup and view all the answers

True or false: Open-source information is often the only information available in the early stages of a crisis or emergency.

True Signup and view all the answers

ELINT is used to identify the location of an emitter.

True Signup and view all the answers

FISINT intercepts telemetry from an opponent's weapons systems.

True Signup and view all the answers

MASINT detects information patterns not previously exploited by sensors.

True Signup and view all the answers

IMINT includes the exploitation of data to detect, classify, and identify objects or organizations.

True Signup and view all the answers

True or false: HUMINT is the oldest method for collecting information about a foreign power.

True Signup and view all the answers

True or false: HUMINT is the primary source of intelligence for all governments until the technical revolution of the mid to late twentieth century.

True Signup and view all the answers

True or false: Clandestine HUMINT sources include agents who have been recruited or have volunteered to provide information to a foreign nation.

True Signup and view all the answers

True or false: Signals Intelligence (SIGINT) includes information derived from intercepted communications transmissions.

True Signup and view all the answers

The strategic tasking and coordination group is responsible for gathering cyber or digital network intelligence (CYBINT/DNINT).

False Signup and view all the answers

SOCMINT is the intelligence discipline that focuses on monitoring social media networks and transforming open-source information into actionable intelligence.

True Signup and view all the answers

The efficient use of the SOCMINT tool contributes actively to public and private security by identifying early warning activities on disorders and threats.

True Signup and view all the answers

True or false: FININT is primarily interested in mapping the intermediary institutions and/or persons involved in terrorist financing, tax evasion, money laundering, and the arms trade?

True Signup and view all the answers

True or false: FININT is a school of discipline that is tied to security or crisis decision-making?

False Signup and view all the answers

True or false: FININT is responsible for analyzing longer-term trends that can be accessed through open sources, such as economic growth and industrial production?

True Signup and view all the answers

True or false: Tasking and coordination meetings provide the principal method by which leadership control is maintained over the intelligence process?

True Signup and view all the answers

True or false: Soft-copy imagery is synonymous with film.

False Signup and view all the answers

True or false: The imagery intelligence threat was previously restricted to the former Soviet Union and now the Russian Federation.

True Signup and view all the answers

True or false: Imagery quality is not affected by darkness and adverse weather.

False Signup and view all the answers

True or false: The commercial imagery market is not expected to grow in the future.

False Signup and view all the answers

True or false: Open-source intelligence involves the use of materials available to the public by intelligence agencies and other adversaries.

True Signup and view all the answers

True or false: Open-source information can often provide extremely valuable information concerning an organization’s activities and capabilities.

True Signup and view all the answers

True or false: Open-source intelligence collection does not have any limitations.

False Signup and view all the answers

True or false: Human intelligence is derived from non-human sources.

False Signup and view all the answers

True or false: Intelligence collection and analysis is only conducted during times of war.

False Signup and view all the answers

True or false: Intelligence activities are limited to the military domain.

False Signup and view all the answers

True or false: Open-source intelligence is the only source of information used in intelligence analysis.

False Signup and view all the answers

True or false: Intelligence collection focuses solely on the operational environment and neutral forces.

False Signup and view all the answers

True or false: HUMINT is the primary source of intelligence for all governments until the technical revolution of the mid to late twentieth century.

True Signup and view all the answers

True or false: Clandestine HUMINT sources include agents who have been recruited or have volunteered to provide information to a foreign nation.

True Signup and view all the answers

True or false: Signals intelligence (SIGINT) includes information derived from intercepted communications transmissions.

True Signup and view all the answers

True or false: COMINT can be collected from the airwaves, cable, fiber optics, or any other transmission medium.

True Signup and view all the answers

True or false: ELINT is used to determine the characteristics of an opponent's weapons systems as they are being tested?

False Signup and view all the answers

True or false: SIGINT facilities can only monitor transmissions from communications satellites?

False Signup and view all the answers

True or false: MASINT sensors collect information that is generally considered peripheral in nature and not protected by countermeasures?

True Signup and view all the answers

True or false: IMINT includes the exploitation of data to detect, classify, and identify objects or organizations?

True Signup and view all the answers

True or false: FININT is primarily interested in mapping the intermediary institutions and/or persons involved in terrorist financing, tax evasion, money laundering, and the arms trade?

True Signup and view all the answers

True or false: FININT is a discipline that is primarily tied to security or crisis decision-making?

False Signup and view all the answers

True or false: Longer-term trends that can be accessed through open sources, such as economic growth and industrial production, fall under the jurisdiction of FININT?

True Signup and view all the answers

True or false: Tasking and coordination meetings provide the principal method by which leadership control is maintained over the intelligence process?

True Signup and view all the answers

True or false: Soft-copy imagery is displayed on electronic terminals?

True Signup and view all the answers

True or false: The proliferation of space-based imagery systems has allowed more nations to have access to imagery products?

True Signup and view all the answers

True or false: Imagery quality is normally degraded by darkness and adverse weather, except for synthetic aperture radar?

True Signup and view all the answers

True or false: Effective use of camouflage, concealment, and deception (CC & D) may result in the adversary drawing accurate conclusions about the observed organization’s capabilities and activities?

False Signup and view all the answers

The strategic tasking and coordination group is responsible for gathering CYBINT/DNINT intelligence.

True Signup and view all the answers

SOCMINT is a new intelligence discipline based on tools and solutions for monitoring social networks.

True Signup and view all the answers

SOCMINT is primarily used by corporate security professionals and compliance officers.

False Signup and view all the answers

SOCMINT is used to identify early warning activities on disorders and threats.

True Signup and view all the answers

SOCMINT is not considered an important tool in the work of law enforcement.

False Signup and view all the answers

SOCMINT is used to gather information from cyberspace.

False Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Intelligence Collection

There are five main ways of gathering intelligence: Open-Source Intelligence (OSINT), Human Intelligence (HUMINT), Signals Intelligence (SIGINT), Imagery Intelligence (IMINT), and Measurement and Signature Intelligence (MASINT).

Open-Source Intelligence (OSINT)

OSINT involves gathering intelligence from publicly available sources.
Limitations of OSINT collection include:
- Information may not always be accurate or up-to-date
- Sources may be biased or unreliable
- Can be time-consuming and labor-intensive

Human Intelligence (HUMINT)

HUMINT involves gathering intelligence from human sources, such as agents, informants, and detainees.
Primary focus of HUMINT is on human interactions and direct observation.
Limitations of HUMINT collection include:
- Difficulty in verifying the credibility of sources
- Risk of deception or manipulation by sources
- Can be resource-intensive

Signals Intelligence (SIGINT)

SIGINT involves gathering intelligence from intercepted communications transmissions.
COMINT (Communications Intelligence) is a subset of SIGINT that focuses on communications intercepts.
ELINT (Electronic Intelligence) is a subset of SIGINT that focuses on non-communications electromagnetic emissions.

Imagery Intelligence (IMINT)

IMINT involves gathering intelligence from images and videos.
Primary focus of IMINT is on visual observation and analysis.
Limitations of IMINT collection include:
- Weather and lighting conditions can affect image quality
- Platforms and sensors can be limited in their capabilities

Measurement and Signature Intelligence (MASINT)

MASINT involves gathering intelligence from measurements and signatures of physical properties.
Primary focus of MASINT is on detecting and identifying patterns not previously exploited by sensors.
Limitations of MASINT collection include:
- Requires specialized sensors and equipment
- Can be resource-intensive

Financial Intelligence (FININT)

FININT involves tracking financial transactions to infer adversaries' capabilities, intentions, and networks.
Primary focus of FININT is on financial transactions and networks.
Limitations of FININT collection include:
- Difficulty in accessing and analyzing financial data
- Can be resource-intensive

Cyber Intelligence (CYBINT)

CYBINT involves gathering intelligence from cyber networks and digital systems.
Primary focus of CYBINT is on cyber activities and networks.
Limitations of CYBINT collection include:
- Difficulty in accessing and analyzing cyber data
- Can be resource-intensive

SOCMINT involves gathering intelligence from social media networks.
Primary focus of SOCMINT is on social media activities and networks.
Limitations of SOCMINT collection include:
- Difficulty in accessing and analyzing social media data
- Can be resource-intensive

Tasking and Coordination

Tasking and coordination meetings are used to prioritize and coordinate intelligence collection efforts.
Objective of tasking and coordination meetings is to ensure integrated and coordinated intelligence collection.

Intelligence Analysis

Intelligence analysis involves analyzing data from various sources to support decision-making.
Primary focus of intelligence analysis is on identifying patterns and relationships.

Intelligence Management

Intelligence management involves overseeing and coordinating intelligence collection and analysis efforts.
Primary focus of intelligence management is on providing timely and relevant intelligence to support decision-making.

Strategic and Tactical Intelligence

Strategic intelligence focuses on long-term, high-level analysis and forecasting.
Tactical intelligence focuses on short-term, operational analysis and support.

Geospatial Intelligence

Geospatial intelligence involves gathering and analyzing geospatial data to support decision-making.
Primary focus of geospatial intelligence is on spatial analysis and mapping.

Imagery Systems

Commercial imagery market is expected to grow.
Imagery intelligence threat was previously restricted to the former Soviet Union and now the Russian Federation.
Imagery quality can be affected by darkness and adverse weather.

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Description

Test your knowledge of Financial Intelligence (FININT) with this quiz! Challenge yourself to understand how FININT works to combat terrorist financing, tax evasion, and money laundering, as well as the arms trade. Learn about the diverse applications of FININT in various branches of government and the importance of mapping intermediaries involved in these operations.