Financial Accounting Principles

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following best describes the primary focus of financial accounting?

  • Preparing internal reports for management decision-making.
  • Managing tax compliance and minimizing tax liabilities.
  • Analyzing operational efficiency and streamlining production processes.
  • Preparing financial statements for external users in accordance with GAAP. (correct)

The fundamental accounting equation states that:

  • Assets = Liabilities + Equity (correct)
  • Assets + Liabilities = Equity
  • Assets = Liabilities - Equity
  • Revenue - Expenses = Net Income

Which financial statement reports a company's financial performance over a period of time?

  • Balance Sheet
  • Statement of Cash Flows
  • Income Statement (correct)
  • Statement of Changes in Equity

According to GAAP, revenue is recognized when:

<p>It is earned, regardless of when cash is received. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is classified as a current asset?

<p>Accounts Receivable (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which activity is classified as a cash flow from financing activities?

<p>Issuance of common stock (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The principle that requires expenses to be recognized in the same period as the revenues they helped generate is known as the:

<p>Matching Principle (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following ratios is used to assess a company's ability to meet its short-term obligations?

<p>Current Ratio (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of closing entries in the accounting cycle?

<p>To transfer balances of temporary accounts to retained earnings. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which assumption states that a business will continue to operate in the foreseeable future?

<p>Going Concern Assumption (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct order of the following steps in the accounting cycle?

<p>Journalizing, Posting, Trial Balance, Adjusting. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a contra asset account?

<p>Accumulated Depreciation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If a company uses the indirect method for the statement of cash flows, which of the following is added back to net income to arrive at cash flow from operating activities?

<p>Depreciation Expense (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which principle dictates that only information significant enough to influence the decisions of users needs to be disclosed?

<p>Materiality Principle (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect on the accounting equation when a company purchases equipment with cash?

<p>One asset increases and another asset decreases. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes 'unearned revenue'?

<p>Revenue that has been collected but not yet earned. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A company's debt-to-equity ratio is an example of what type of ratio?

<p>Solvency Ratio (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the first step in the accounting cycle?

<p>Identifying Transactions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between IFRS and GAAP?

<p>GAAP is rules-based, while IFRS is principles-based. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following accounts would be increased with a debit entry?

<p>Cash (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Accountancy

Recording, classifying, summarizing, and interpreting financial transactions for decision-making.

Financial Accounting

Preparing financial statements for external users (investors, creditors, regulators).

Assets

Resources controlled by a company expected to provide future economic benefits.

Liabilities

Present obligations requiring an outflow of economic resources.

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Equity

The owner's stake in the company; assets minus liabilities.

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Revenue

Increases in economic benefits that increase equity.

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Expenses

Decreases in economic benefits that decrease equity.

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Accounting Equation

Assets = Liabilities + Equity

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GAAP

A common set of accounting principles ensuring consistency and comparability.

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Income Statement

Reports a company's financial performance over a period.

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Balance Sheet

Presents a company's financial position at a point in time.

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Statement of Cash Flows

Reports the movement of cash in and out of a company.

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Statement of Changes in Equity

Summarizes changes in equity accounts over a period.

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Gross Profit

Revenue less cost of goods sold.

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Accrual Accounting

Recognize revenue when earned, not when cash is received.

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Matching Principle

Match expenses with the revenues they generate.

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Going Concern Assumption

Business will continue to operate in the foreseeable future.

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Consistency Principle

Use the same accounting methods from period to period.

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Conservatism Principle

Recognize losses but don't recognize gains when in doubt.

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Materiality Principle

Information significant enough to influence decisions must be disclosed.

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Study Notes

The provided text is a repetition of the existing notes. Therefore, no updates are needed.

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