Final Exam Preparation Guidelines

Focuses on internal management decisions, using reports like daily, weekly, and monthly sales reports.

Provides financial information to external stakeholders for decision-making.

Independent examination of financial records to ensure accuracy and compliance.

Deals with tax calculations and planning for individuals and businesses.

Provides expert advice and problem-solving for businesses.

The final assessment for a course at the University of Waterloo.

University of Waterloo student ID card.

A list of exam times and locations.

Required writing tools for the exam.

Marking multiple choices with two or more bubbles accidentally.

A strategic management tool used to describe and analyze the business model of a company.

The physical space where the exam is held.

A summary of the topics covered in the previous class.

Information about the exam located at a specific site (https://odyssey.uwaterloo.ca/teaching/schedule).

When the exam instructors are available for questions about the exam.

Raising funds by borrowing money from external sources, like banks or investors.

Raising funds by selling ownership shares of the company to investors.

What a company offers employees in return for their work, including compensation, benefits, and career growth opportunities.

A financial package offered to an employee upon termination of employment, often with a lump sum payment and benefits.

A formal process of evaluating an employee's performance against pre-set standards.

The process of using financial information to make decisions about the future operations and investments of a business.

Key documents that summarize a company's financial performance and position.

Evaluating a company's financial performance using ratios derived from its financial statements, like the current ratio or debt-to-equity ratio.

A financial statement that tracks the movement of cash both into and out of a business over a period of time.

A financial statement that reports a company's revenues and expenses over a specific period, revealing its profitability.

A financial statement that presents a snapshot of a company's assets, liabilities, and equity at a particular point in time.

Different areas within accounting focusing on distinct roles and responsibilities, like tax, compliance, and consulting.

The process of verifying financial information against established standards and regulations to ensure accuracy and adherence to rules.

A compensation system where employees receive a share of the company's profits, typically based on a pre-determined formula.

A compensation system where employees are rewarded for improvements in productivity, efficiency, or cost reduction.

A regular payment adjustment that compensates employees for increases in the cost of living.

The right to buy shares of company stock at a predetermined price, often granted as part of an employee compensation package.

A performance management tool that uses multiple perspectives (financial, customer, internal processes, learning and growth) to assess a company's success.

A framework for analyzing the external environment of a company, considering political, economic, social, technological, environmental, and legal factors.

A framework for analyzing the competitive forces within an industry, including rivalry, new entrants, substitutes, buyers, and suppliers.

Goals that are Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Relevant, and Time-bound.

The average mark you've received in each section of a course. This is often provided to students in an email by the course manager.

An exam format with questions that have multiple answers to choose from, typically one correct option.

The person responsible for running the course and providing administrative support to students.

A detailed report showing the student's average mark for each section (module) of the course up to the midterm exam.

A study strategy that begins with a general overview of the material and gradually dives into specific details.

A set of moral principles that guide behavior and decision-making. It involves deciding what is right and wrong in various situations.

The idea that businesses have a responsibility to consider the impact of their actions on society and the environment. It involves being ethical, sustainable, and contributing to the well-being of communities.

Facebook, like any company, has an ethical responsibility to protect user privacy and data security. This includes taking steps to prevent misuse of personal information and ensuring transparency in data practices.

Cambridge Analytica used personal data collected from Facebook users without their informed consent to target political campaigns. This raised ethical concerns about data privacy, manipulation, and the impact on elections.

Companies can be ethical in the digital age by being transparent about data collection and usage practices, respecting user privacy, and protecting data from breaches. They should also consider the social and environmental impacts of their technology.

The right of individuals to control how their personal information is collected, used, and shared.

Issues that raise questions about right and wrong behavior. This can involve data breaches, privacy violations, or unfair practices.

The set of ethical principles applied to the use of technology and the internet, including data privacy, transparency, and responsible AI.

The application of moral principles to business decisions and actions. It involves considering what is right and wrong, fair and unfair, in the context of business operations.

The idea that a company's ethical culture starts with its leaders. When leaders demonstrate ethical behavior, it sets the tone for employees to follow.

The responsibility businesses have to consider the interests of all stakeholders, including customers, employees, investors, and society.

Pharmaceutical companies must navigate ethical dilemmas in developing and releasing new drugs, such as balancing the pressure to release quickly with the need for thorough testing and fair pricing.

A situation where there is no easy or clear-cut answer to what is the right thing to do. It involves a conflict between different values or principles.

An email from your course manager that provides details about your performance in each module of the course up to the midterm.

A study strategy that starts with a general overview of the material and gradually dives into specific details.

A situation where there's no easy answer on what's right. It involves a clash between different moral values.

A major ethical breach where personal data was collected from Facebook users without consent and used to target political campaigns.

While laws dictate what's permissible, ethics involve moral principles about what's right and wrong. Something can be legal but unethical, or ethical but illegal.

Ethical behavior builds trust, loyalty, and a positive reputation for a business, attracting customers, investors, and talent. This leads to long-term success.

Compliance-based ethics focuses on adhering to rules and regulations, while integrity-based ethics emphasizes internal values and the right thing to do.

When facing a complex moral choice, ask yourself: 1. What are the facts? 2. Who are affected? 3. What are the potential consequences of each option?

CSR is a business's commitment to operating ethically and sustainably, considering its impact on society, the environment, and its stakeholders.