Filtration Unit Operations Quiz

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What is the primary purpose of filtration as described in the text?

Purification of metals

Conversion of liquids to gases

Separation of mixtures (correct)

Extraction of essential oils

What is the name of the clarified liquid obtained after filtration?

Influent

Effluent (correct)

Cake

Slurry

What is the term for the process of filtering a mixture to form a 'cake' of solids on the filter medium?

Millipore filtration

Cake filtration (correct)

Vacuum filtration

Cyclone filtration

In which scenarios might the filter media primarily act as a support rather than carrying out the actual filtration?

When the solids do not exceed 1.0% Signup and view all the answers

What is the name for the process where the actual filtration is carried out by the solids deposited as a cake on the filter medium?

Surface filtration Signup and view all the answers

What factor determines the life of surface or absolute filters?

The number of pores available for fluid passage Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of a depth filter?

To collect and hold particles within the filter media Signup and view all the answers

How does a membrane filter differ from a depth filter?

Membrane filters have a uniform structure, while depth filters have multiple layers with random structures Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the permeate in membrane filtration?

It is smaller than the membrane pore size and passes through as filtrate Signup and view all the answers

What factors affect the rate of filtration according to Darcy Law?

Density, viscosity, and compressibility of the solid Signup and view all the answers

What is the equation that combines all factors affecting the rate of filtration known as?

Darcy Law Signup and view all the answers

In which type of filtration is flow of the suspension parallel to the filtering media used?

Depth Filtration Signup and view all the answers

What does 'depth' refer to in a depth filter?

The thickness of the filter media Signup and view all the answers

What is one main application of membrane filters?

Protein purification Signup and view all the answers

What is the permeability coefficient 'K' defined as by Kozeny?

K = 1/r ( r ) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of using filter media with smaller pore sizes towards the core in depth filtration?

To attain a high quantity of particles with high dirt holding capacity Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of extraction?

To produce a concentrated solution of valuable material Signup and view all the answers

What is the main application of liquid-liquid extraction?

Refining of vegetable oils using furfural as a solvent Signup and view all the answers

What factor affects the rate of leaching by increasing the extraction rate due to an increase in solubility and diffusion of extracted materials?

Temperature Signup and view all the answers

How does agitation affect the extraction rate during leaching?

It increases the diffusion to the bulk of the solvent Signup and view all the answers

What does the diffusion coefficient 'K'' represent in the rate of extraction equation dM/dt=K'A (Cs-C)/ b?

Rate of extraction Signup and view all the answers

What does 'dM/dt' represent in the rate of extraction equation dM/dt=K'A (Cs-C)/ b?

Rate of extraction Signup and view all the answers

In solid-liquid extraction (leaching), what is the purpose of dissolving soluble matter from its mixture with an insoluble solid?

To produce a concentrated solution of valuable material Signup and view all the answers

How does increasing the temperature affect the extraction rate during leaching?

It increases solubility and diffusion of extracted materials Signup and view all the answers

What does 'A' represent in the rate of extraction equation dM/dt=K'A (Cs-C)/ b?

Area of solid-liquid interface Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of solid-liquid extraction (leaching)?

Dissolve soluble matter from its mixture with an insoluble solid Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of the Bollman Extractor (Basket extractor)?

To provide a continuous automatic extraction with high capacity Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the Rotocel Extractor?

To provide true counter-current extraction for efficiency Signup and view all the answers

What is the main disadvantage of the Batch plant Extractor?

It requires large amounts of solvent Signup and view all the answers

Which equipment is used for leaching of intermediate solids by percolation?

Fixed-bed or Robert diffusion battery Signup and view all the answers

What is the solvent most widely used in the Rotocel Extractor?

Hexane Signup and view all the answers

What is the danger associated with the use of hexane in the Rotocel Extractor?

Danger of explosion Signup and view all the answers

What type of extraction occur in the descending column of buckets in the Bollman Extractor?

Co-current extraction Signup and view all the answers

What makes counter-current extraction more effective and desirable?

It produces higher quality miscella Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the Fixed-bed or Robert diffusion battery?

To provide a true counter-current extraction Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of leaching equipment treatment before extraction?

To make seeds more receptive to the extraction treatment Signup and view all the answers