Filtration Mechanisms

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Questions and Answers

What happens to particles strained out mechanically by the filtering medium?

They are broken down

They are filtered out (correct)

They are trapped by chance contact

They pass through the filter

What is the main purpose of the process mentioned in the content?

To preserve the particles

To remove many particles (correct)

To create new particles

To observe the particles

What is the mechanism by which particles smaller than the pore size are removed from the solution?

Settling

Mechanical straining

Chance contact (correct)

Sedimentation

What happens to many particles during the process?

They are removed Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of particles being trapped within the filter by chance contact?

The particles are trapped in the filter Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process by which particles are mechanically strained out by the filtering medium?

Mechanical filtration Signup and view all the answers

What is NOT a stage of the process mentioned in the content?

Observing particles Signup and view all the answers

What is the outcome of the process described in the content?

Many particles are removed Signup and view all the answers

What happens to particles that are larger than the pore size of the filter?

They are filtered out Signup and view all the answers

What is the focus of the process described in the content?

Particle removal Signup and view all the answers

What happens to particles as they pass by the filter?

They become attached to the surface of the filter Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process of particles becoming attached to the surface of the filter?

Adhesion Signup and view all the answers

What is the location where particles become attached during the adhesion process?

On the surface of the filter Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of adhesion in the context of filtration?

Particles are removed from the fluid Signup and view all the answers

When does adhesion occur in the filtration process?

As the particles pass by the filter Signup and view all the answers

What is the process referred to as when it occurs within the pores?

Floculation Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the flocs after they are formed within the pores?

They are removed by one of the mechanisms Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process of removing flocs from the pores?

Filtration Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of floculation in pores?

To remove impurities from the liquid Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of floculation within the pores?

Formation of larger clusters Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of depth filtration?

To remove suspended solids and colloidal particles from water Signup and view all the answers

What type of filter media is commonly used in depth filtration?

Natural silica sand Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the rate at which water flows through a filter?

Filter flux rate Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of backwashing a filter?

To clean the filter media Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process by which suspended solids are removed from water?

Filtration Signup and view all the answers

What type of filter media is characterized by its high surface area and adsorption properties?

Granular activated carbon Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the layer of filter media that has been expanded or lifted during backwashing?

Expanded filter bed Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the primary mechanisms by which suspended solids are removed from water?

Straining and interception Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Depth Filtration

Depth filtration is a process that removes suspended solids and particulate matter from water by passing it through a layer or bed of granular material, such as sand.
The filter medium has pores that trap particles, and the process involves mechanical straining, chance contact, adhesion, and flocculation.

Mechanisms of Particle Removal

Mechanical straining: particles larger than the pore size are strained out mechanically.
Chance contact: particles smaller than the pore size are trapped within the filter by chance contact.
Adhesion: particles become attached to the surface of the filter as they pass by.
Flocculation: particles can aggregate and form flocs within the pores, which are then removed by one of the mechanisms.

Types of Filters

Silica sand filters
Anthracite filters
Diatomaceous earth filters
Metallic mesh filters (e.g., stainless steel mesh filter)

Filtration Rate (Loading Rate)

The filtration rate is the rate of water flow applied per unit area of the filter.
It is the velocity of water approaching the filter interface.

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Description

This quiz covers the mechanisms of filtration, including the straining out of particles and chance contact. Learn about the different ways particles are trapped within a filter.