Filipino Prepositions

Preposition of Location

• Indicate the location or position of someone or something
• Examples:
  • Sa (in, at, on)
  • Sa loob (inside)
  • Sa labas (outside)
  • Sa itaas (above)
  • Saibaba (below)
  • Sa tabi (beside)
  • Sa gitna (in the middle)
• Usage:
  • "Nasaan siya?" "Siya ay sa bahay." (Where is he? He is at home.)
  • "Ang aklat ay sa mesa." (The book is on the table.)

Preposition of Movement

• Indicate the direction or movement of someone or something
• Examples:
  • Patungo (toward)
  • Papunta (to, toward)
  • Mula (from)
  • Hanggang (up to, until)
  • Sa (to, toward)
• Usage:
  • "Papunta ka na ba sa eskwelahan?" (Are you going to school?)
  • "Naglalakad ako patungo sa parke." (I'm walking towards the park.)

Types of Prepositions

• Simple Prepositions: single words that indicate location or movement
  • Examples: sa, ng, ni, kay
• Compound Prepositions: made up of two or more words
  • Examples: sa loob, sa labas, sa itaas
• Phrasal Prepositions: function as a single preposition
  • Examples: because of, in front of, on top of

Preposition Usage

• Prepositions can be used to indicate:
  • Location: "Ang aklat ay sa mesa." (The book is on the table.)
  • Movement: "Papunta ka na ba sa eskwelahan?" (Are you going to school?)
  • Direction: "Naglalakad ako patungo sa parke." (I'm walking towards the park.)
  • possession: "Ang aklat ni Juan." (John's book.)
  • association: "Ang kaibigan ko." (My friend.)

Directional Prepositions

• Horizontal Direction:
  • Sa kanan (to the right)
  • Sa kaliwa (to the left)
  • Sa gitna (in the middle)
• Vertical Direction:
  • Sa itaas (above)
  • Saibaba (below)
• Distance:
  • Malapit (near)
  • Malayo (far)
• Directional Movement:
  • Papunta (to, toward)
  • Patungo (toward)
  • Nagmumula (from)