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What structures are found in the middle mediastinum?

Heart, great vessels, trachea, esophagus (correct)

Brain, spinal cord, peripheral nerves, pituitary gland

Heart, lungs, liver, stomach

Kidneys, spleen, pancreas, intestines

Which layer of the pericardium prevents overfilling of the heart?

Parietal layer

Fibrous pericardium (correct)

Visceral layer

Serous pericardium

What is the function of the myocardium?

Contracts to pump blood (correct)

Prevents clotting of blood within the heart

Lines the chambers of the heart

Forms a barrier between the heart and surrounding structures

Which layer of the heart wall is known as the 'visceral layer of serous pericardium'?

Epicardium Signup and view all the answers

Where does the middle mediastinum extend from and to?

2nd rib to 5th intercostal space Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the endocardium in the heart?

Prevents clotting of blood within the heart Signup and view all the answers

When are customers recommended to utilize the discount code 'TAKE20OFF'?

For 20% off any future purchases (Valid for a limited time) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the heart valves mentioned in the text?

Regulate the blood flow in and out of the heart Signup and view all the answers

Which valve separates the Right Ventricle from the Pulmonary Trunk?

Pulmonary Valve Signup and view all the answers

What type of sound does the 'Lubb' represent in heart sounds?

Sound of AV Valve Closure Signup and view all the answers

How many pocket-like cusps do each of the SemiLunar Valves consist of?

3 Signup and view all the answers

Which valve is characterized by having 3 flexible 'cusps'?

Tricuspid Valve Signup and view all the answers

What is required by the heart to function as mentioned in the text?

Oxygen, Nutrients, and Action Potentials Signup and view all the answers

What is responsible for repolarization in cardiac cells?

Closing of Ca+ channels and opening of K+ channels Signup and view all the answers

Which ion is responsible for depolarization in cardiac cells?

Na+ Signup and view all the answers

What triggers the opening of Voltage-Gated Ca+ channels in cardiac cells?

Depolarization reaching threshold Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of Fast Na+ channels during depolarization in cardiac cells?

Open when membrane potential reaches threshold Signup and view all the answers

What causes the small downward deflection during plateau phase in cardiac cells?

Efflux of K+ ions Signup and view all the answers

How does increased myoplasmic Ca+ lead to muscular contraction in cardiac cells?

Activates Voltage-Gated Ca+ channels Signup and view all the answers

What allows action potentials to move from cell to cell in the heart?

Intercalated Discs Signup and view all the answers

What is the first part of the heart's conduction system that spontaneously depolarizes to threshold?

SA Node Signup and view all the answers

Which component has slow 'pacemaker' type action potentials in the heart?

SA Node Signup and view all the answers

What is responsible for coordinating the contraction of the atria and ventricles in the heart?

Bundle Of His Signup and view all the answers

Which structure in the heart opens Ca²⁺ channels leading to an influx of Ca²⁺ ions during depolarization?

SA Node Signup and view all the answers

What type of membrane ion channels are responsible for the gradual depolarization known as the 'prepotential' in conductile cardiac cells?

Leaky Na⁺ Signup and view all the answers

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Questions and Answers

What structures are found in the middle mediastinum?

Which layer of the pericardium prevents overfilling of the heart?

What is the function of the myocardium?

Which layer of the heart wall is known as the 'visceral layer of serous pericardium'?

Where does the middle mediastinum extend from and to?

What is the role of the endocardium in the heart?

When are customers recommended to utilize the discount code 'TAKE20OFF'?

What is the main function of the heart valves mentioned in the text?

Which valve separates the Right Ventricle from the Pulmonary Trunk?

What type of sound does the 'Lubb' represent in heart sounds?

How many pocket-like cusps do each of the SemiLunar Valves consist of?

Which valve is characterized by having 3 flexible 'cusps'?

What is required by the heart to function as mentioned in the text?

What is responsible for repolarization in cardiac cells?

Which ion is responsible for depolarization in cardiac cells?

What triggers the opening of Voltage-Gated Ca+ channels in cardiac cells?

What is the role of Fast Na+ channels during depolarization in cardiac cells?

What causes the small downward deflection during plateau phase in cardiac cells?

How does increased myoplasmic Ca+ lead to muscular contraction in cardiac cells?

What allows action potentials to move from cell to cell in the heart?

What is the first part of the heart's conduction system that spontaneously depolarizes to threshold?

Which component has slow 'pacemaker' type action potentials in the heart?

What is responsible for coordinating the contraction of the atria and ventricles in the heart?

Which structure in the heart opens Ca²⁺ channels leading to an influx of Ca²⁺ ions during depolarization?

What type of membrane ion channels are responsible for the gradual depolarization known as the 'prepotential' in conductile cardiac cells?

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