CHAPTER 18 FIELD IDENTIFICATION

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Questions and Answers

What is a 'field identification' procedure also known as (Select all that apply)?

One-on-one (correct)

Confrontation (correct)

Show Up (correct)

Photo lineup

When should officers consider delaying a field identification?

When there are several witnesses present

When there is a medical emergency

When the suspect is calm

When the witness appears confused or disoriented (correct)

What happens if a witness does not identify a suspect during a field identification?

The suspect must be given another chance

The suspect is immediately arrested

The identification is considered inconclusive

The suspect shall be released unless there is probable cause (correct)

How soon after an offense should a field identification ideally occur?

Within approximately one hour Signup and view all the answers

What is required if an officer wishes to conduct a field identification and there is no prior arrest?

Reasonable suspicion to believe the suspect committed an offense Signup and view all the answers

Which circumstance can field identification occur without legal counsel for the suspect?

During a medical emergency Signup and view all the answers

What should be avoided when conducting field identifications?

Using multiple witnesses at once Signup and view all the answers

What should be included in the written record of a field identification?

Description of the identification location and lighting conditions Signup and view all the answers

What is the preferred number of witnesses to view a suspect during a field identification separately?

One or two, if practical Signup and view all the answers

What must officers do if they suspect a person without probable cause?

Briefly detain the person for identification Signup and view all the answers

There are five things that must be documented during an informal identification procedure? (Select one)

The approximate number of individuals matching the suspect's description Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of advisory information given to witnesses before identifying a suspect?

To ensure fair and impartial identification procedures Signup and view all the answers

In a lineup, what must officers do to maintain the integrity of the identification process?

They should follow CID SOP. Signup and view all the answers

What must be recorded regarding the suspect's reaction during informal identification?

The suspect's reaction upon being viewed by the witness Signup and view all the answers

When is an eyewitness identification deemed unnecessary?

When the witness could not identify the offender because they never saw them Signup and view all the answers

What should be included in the detailed record of informal identification procedures?

The exact location of the observation Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes informal identification?

An observation of a suspect who is not under arrest Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of conducting eyewitness identification procedures?

To identify the guilty while clearing innocent individuals Signup and view all the answers

What is a crucial aspect officers must remember when conducting identification procedures?

To avoid any actions that suggest guilt or innocence Signup and view all the answers

What should be documented regarding the identity of witnesses during a field identification?

The number and identity of each witness present Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Field Identification

Field identification is a procedure where a suspect is presented singly to a witness.
It is conducted near the scene of the offense, typically within one hour of the crime.
Field identification can be done by holding the suspect at the location of arrest or by bringing the suspect to the witness.
Officers should consider the witness's mental and emotional state before conducting a field identification.
If the witness appears distressed or disoriented, a lineup should be used instead.
Field identification happens as quickly as practical after the arrest.
If the witness does not identify the suspect, the suspect is released unless there is probable cause to believe they committed an offense.
The suspect does not have the right to legal representation during a field identification.
If there is probable cause to arrest, a field identification can occur even before the suspect is officially arrested if the suspect consents.
A field identification is allowed without probable cause if the officer reasonably suspects the detained person, at the scene within an hour of the offense, committed the crime.
Field identification can be conducted even later if a medical emergency exists and medical authorities approve.
Only one or two witnesses view the suspect during a field identification to avoid influencing other witnesses, who can be used later in a lineup.
Field identification happens away from the crime scene to protect evidence.
Officers document the circumstances of field identification, recording details like location, lighting conditions, witness information, distance, and remarks made during the identification.

Informal Identification

Informal identification involves officers observing a suspect who is at liberty and unaware of being observed.
This method is used when there is no probable cause for arrest.
A detailed record of informal identification procedures is vital, capturing details like the date, time, and location of observation, the number of persons resembling the suspect viewed, and the reactions of both the suspect and the witness.

Lineups and Photo Displays

Lineups and photo identification displays are conducted according to guidelines established by the Criminal Investigations Division.

General Rules

All identification procedures follow a fair and impartial approach to avoid influencing the witness.
Officers avoid suggesting the suspect's guilt or innocence to the witness.
Witnesses are informed before viewing a lineup: they are not obligated to identify a suspect, and drawing conclusions solely based on custody or handcuffs is prohibited.
Eyewitness identification is unnecessary if the witness did not see the offender during the crime or if the witness is unable to identify anyone.

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Description

This quiz covers the essential aspects of field identification, a procedure used in law enforcement to present a suspect to a witness shortly after a crime. It includes guidelines on the timing, circumstances, and considerations for conducting this identification method. Understanding these principles is crucial for effective witness testimony and suspect handling.