74 Questions
What is the study of political science derived from?
Two Greek words: polis and scire
According to Montesquieu, how could liberty be best assured?
By distributing the functions of government among separate branches
What does political science deal with in relation to control by the state?
Relations among men and groups
What does Rodee (1980) define political science as?
A branch of social science dealing with the theory, organization, government, and practice of the state
What is the main focus of psychology as described in the text?
Analyzing individual soul, free will, and understanding
What is the distinct function of geography?
To examine and explain natural environment conditions
Which theory of the origin of the state refers to the creation of a state by divine intervention?
Divine Theory
What distinguishes a state from a nation according to the text?
A state may consist of one or more nations, while a nation can only consist of one state
What is the police power of the state primarily responsible for?
Regulating individual's rights and property for general welfare
Which element is NOT considered as an essential element of the state according to the text?
Culture
What does the philosophy relate to in political science according to the text?
Political theory and political philosophy
Which theory attributes the origin of states to the enlargement of the family under the authority of parents?
Paternalistic Theory
What is included in the ministrant functions of the state?
Undertakings such as public works and regulation of trade and commerce
What is the power of taxation primarily responsible for according to the text?
Enforcing proportionate contributions from people for government programs
What is one mode of acquiring territory?
Prescription by continued occupation for a long period by one state
Who was the first Spanish governor-general of the Philippines?
Miguel Lopez de Legazpi
When did the Philippines declare its separation from Spain?
November 1, 1897
What was the aim of the Revolutionary Government established by Gen. Aguinaldo?
To prepare the country for the establishment of a real republic
In which city was the first Spanish city council (Ayunatmiento or Cabildo) established?
Cebu
What was the name of the secret society organized by Andres Bonifacio that participated in the Philippine Revolution?
Katipunan
Which government established by Gen. Emilio Aguinaldo proclaimed the Philippines' Independence at Kawit, Cavite?
The Dictatorial Government
When was the Fourth Republic of the Philippines proclaimed?
July 30, 1981
Under which constitution was the Third Republic of the Philippines established?
Constitution amended on April 7, 1981
When was the Malolos Constitution proclaimed as the fundamental law of the land?
January 21, 1899
Under which president was the Malolos Constitution approved and forwarded to for approval?
President Aguinaldo
According to Aristotle, what did he mean by the statement 'man is by nature a political animal'?
Man is predisposed to be involved in political activities
How does Black’s Law Dictionary (1990) define politics?
The process of making government policies
What does politics involve, according to the text?
Conflict and struggle among people with different goals and opposing interests
What is the broadest sense in which politics is defined?
The decision enforcing processes in any group that makes and enforces rules on its members
Where does every Filipino encounter politics, according to the text?
In school, church, business establishments, and various organizations
What is Political Science defined as?
The systematic study of the State and the Government
What does History primarily focus on?
Describing social events in time and place chronologically
What is the primary focus of Economics?
Man’s activities related to consumption, production, distribution, and exchange processes of wealth
What does Sociology deal with?
The study of man in his social interaction with other human beings in groups
How is Law defined?
An ordinance of reason promulgated by a competent authority for the common good
What does Political Science analyze?
Political institutions, their workings, organization, and development
What does Politics encompass according to Dahl (1991)?
Conflict arising from the nature of human life itself
What is accretion in the context of territorial expansion?
The increase in the land area of a state caused by natural forces or human labor
Which form of government is exercised by a limited few or the so-called elite?
Aristocracy
What characterizes democracy as a form of government?
The power or sovereignty is exercised and resides in the people
What is the characteristic of a parliamentary form of government?
The Prime Minister runs the affairs of the state
What does monarchy as a form of government entail?
The power or sovereignty is exercised by one person only, usually a king or a queen
In which form of government does the President serve as the chief executive of the state and is independent of the legislature?
Presidential
What characterizes federal as a form of government?
The division of power into national and local affairs
What characterizes military as a form of government?
A form of government established and controlled by military authorities over a beleaguered state
What characterizes revolutionary as a form of government?
A form of government wherein the State is obtained by means of force
What distinguishes de jure as a form of government?
Founded on existing legal or constitutional basis
When did the American military rule in the Philippines start?
April 14, 1898
Who was the first Civil Governor of the Philippines?
Luke F. Wright
When was the Commonwealth government of the Philippines established?
March 24, 1934
Who represented the Philippines in the United States House of Representatives without the right to vote?
President Commissioners
During World War II, where did the Commonwealth government function in exile?
Washington
What political title did Gen. Emilio Aguinaldo enjoy?
Military Governor
Which body served as the lower house of the legislative branch in the Philippines from 1901 to 1916?
Philippine Assembly
Who was the last Governor-General of the Philippines and also the first High Commissioner upon the inauguration of the Commonwealth government?
Frank Murphy
Where did Gen. Douglas MacArthur turn over the full powers and responsibilities of the Commonwealth government under the 1935 Constitution?
Manila
Which act provided for a transitions period of ten years during which the Philippine Commonwealth would operate until July 4, 1946?
The Tydings-McDuffie law
Who exercised all powers of government executive, legislative and judicial as long as the war lasted?
Military governor
When was the Japanese Military Administration established in Manila?
January 3, 1942
Who was the chairman of the Philippine Executive Commission?
Jorge B. Vargas
When was the Third Philippine Republic inaugurated?
July 4, 1946
Who succeeded Manuel A. Roxas as president?
Elpidio Quirino
When did Ferdinand Marcos take his oath of office as President?
December 30, 1965
What event led to the downfall of the Marcos Presidency?
EDSA People Power Revolution
When was Corazon Aquino inducted as the first lady President of the Philippines?
February 25, 1986
What did Aquino issue on March 25, 1986?
"Freedom Constitution"
Who was the first military officer to become the president of the Philippines?
Fidel Ramos
What did Fidel Ramos focus on resolving during his presidency to improve economic growth?
Electric power shortage
What was a major focus of the Joseph Estrada administration?
Food security
What led to Joseph Estrada's impeachment in November 2000?
Allegations of cronyism and corruption
Who was immediately sworn in as president after Joseph Estrada's ouster?
Macapagal-Arroyo
What did Macapagal-Arroyo declare a suspension of offensive military operations against early in her presidency?
MILF
Who acted as an intermediary in the peace negotiations between the MILF and the government?
Malaysia
Who continued its military crackdown on the secessionist Abu Sayyaf, which was linked to terrorist activities?
Gloria M. Arroyo
Study Notes
- Political Science is the study of the state and government, derived from the Greek words "polis" (city or sovereign state) and "scire" (science)
- Montesquieu posited that liberty is best ensured by distributing government functions among separate branches: legislative, executive, and judiciary
- Aristotle observed that man is a political animal and that the potentials and capabilities of individuals can be optimized through interaction in a state
- Politics is the process of making government policies and is unavoidable in human life
- Political Science shares common interests with other social disciplines, including history, economics, sociology, law, psychology, philosophy, ethics, geography, and statistics
- A state is a community of people occupying a defined territory, independent from external control, and possessing a government where a great body of inhabitants render habitual obedience
- Origins of the state include the divine theory, necessity of force theory, paternalistic theory, and social contract theory
- Functions of the state include constituent and ministrant functions
- A nation is a group of people sharing language, culture, tradition, and history
- A state and a nation are not the same, as a state is a judicial or legal concept and a nation is a racial or ethnic concept
- Inherent powers of the state include police power, eminent domain or power of expropriation, and power of taxation
- The state has four essential elements: people, government, territory, and sovereignty
- Modes of acquiring territory include discovery, prescription, accretion, cession, and conquest
- Forms of government include democracy (government by the people) and aristocracy (government by a limited few)
Test your knowledge about the presidency of Fidel Ramos, the first military officer to become the president of the Philippines and his contributions to restoring democracy and civilian control over the armed forces.
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