Fiction vs Non-Fiction

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Fiction and NonFiction

• Fiction is made up
• Fantasy includes characters and events that could not exist in real life
• Magic and supernatural events, talking animals, objects with human characteristics, real people in make-believe places, characters, and superheroes with magical powers, can exist only in fantasy
• Fairies, elves, dragons, and unicorns, are fantasy characters
• Settings in fantasy can be in a faraway land, an imaginary world, during medieval times, or in an enchanted or magical forest.
• Sensory images create a vivid and immersive world
• Sight is visual imagery
• Descriptions of color, size, shape, lightness, and darkness are visual imagery
• Hearing is auditory imagery
• Onomatopoeia and alliteration used in auditory imagery
• Touch is tactile imagery, including texture
• Smell is an olfactory imagery
• Taste is a gustatory imagery, including flavor
• Movement is kinesthetic imagery and deals with full body sensation
• Rushing water is an example of kinesthetic imagery
• Nonfiction presents factual information, analysis, or commentary on the real world
• History, essays, and biographies are nonfiction
• Reality is a subgroup of nonfiction that tells things that could really happen
• Reality includes ordinary people going about daily living
• Reality only becomes fiction if it happens in an unexisting place and the story/movement is exaggerated
• Elements of reality include ordinary people, events happening in the present or past, real events, believable characters, a true-to-life setting, and honestly portrayed problems.
• Reality literature aims to capture the essence of lived experiences
• The Ramayana is a revered ancient Indian epic that holds significant cultural and religious importance in Hindu
• The Ramayana, Joseph, and Prince of Egypt cannot be categorized because it is said to be sacred in a religious perspective
• From a historical and scholarly perspective it is a myth

General and Specific Statements

• A general statement offers broad descriptions or overviews that apply to a range of situations and lacks specific details
• A specific statement offers precise details and examples limited to particular cases with concrete and detailed information
• For example, Israel is a progressive country founded in 1998 with a high income per capita.
• Clarity is needed to distinguish general and specific statements
• Accuracy in communication is achieved by tangible examples and evidence
• Engagement is important in communication where general statements set the context and overview
• Avoid generalization and lack of context

News

• Reporting involves journalists using general statements to introduce topics and specific statements to add depth with examples and statistics
• News anchors give general statements, while news correspondents give specific statements and exact details
• Verifying specific statements is crucial in journalism to maintain credibility
• Balancing general and specific statements is essential to cater to diverse audiences
• General statements offer broad insights, while specific details cater to those seeking in-depth analysis
• News is accounts of events, facts, or opinions that interest people
• A hard news report cannot use figurative or idiomatic expression
• Editorial represents a publication's stance on a particular current issue
• Feature Articles are longer and explore a topic or person in detail and use interviews
• Sports news articles provide updates and cover recent developments in the world of sport
• Proximity to an event impacts its impact on readers
• Timeliness of events has more impact
• Prominent people in the story has more impact
• Conflict is of interest to readers
• Novelty is of interest to readers
• Human interest evokes or inspires emotion in the reader

Parts of News

• A headline gives a total overview of the news
• A byline is the author of the story
• Lead is a general statement but in a complete sentence form
• The lead is a more detailed headline in only 1-2 sentences
• Body contains the detail
• Inverted Pyramid includes, Who, What, Why, How, When, Where

Headline

• A headline is the title of the news story
• Headlines use down style, capitalizing only the first word and proper nouns such as "Principal presents award to Coach Martin"
• Headlines go against the left border such as "Junior runs over"
• Headlines use sans serif type
• Headlines are written in the present tense
• Headlines need a subject and action verb such as "It's Showtime signs contract with GMA"
• Keep a prepositional phrase together in a headline like "Dog bites alien on tender spot"
• A headline doesn't need a period at the end which would appear as "Fernando suspends classes today"
• Don't use article a, an, or the except in special headlines like "Governor awards tender with honor"
• Numbers should be spelled out not numerical
• An active headline is better than a passive headline
• Active sentence: The subject performs the action, and the subject is the doer
• Passive sentence: The object of the action becomes the subject

Lead

• The lead is the opening paragraph and is the most important part of a news story
• Most straight news leads should be summary leads
• Before writing, decide is who, what, when, where, why, how
• Who lead begins with a person
• When lead begins with time
• Where lead begins with a place
• How lead begins with how of the story
• Why lead begins with the cause of the story
• What lead begins with the fact of the story
• Anecdotal lead begins with a short personal story or an anecdote
• Quotation lead opens with a compel or provocative quote
• Delayed Identification Lead introduces a person or entity without immediately revealing their identity.
• Good stories have conflict
• Be as specific as possible
• Leaders are often two sentences and are 25 to 30 words
• Passive leads can sound dull
• Avoid Flowery Language, Unnecessary words or phrases, and "it"

Body

• Body contains the information a report believes the readers need to know
• Use inverted pyramid style
• Include details of article and direct quotes from people in the news
• Use a transition-quote formula, avoid Speech

Filipino: Francisco Balagtas

• Francisco Balagtas (a.k.a. Francisco Baltazar), Abril 2, 1788 - Pebrero 20, 1862
• Prinsipo ng mga Manunulang Pilipino
• Mayroon ding tatlong kapatid na sina Felipe, Concha, at Nicholasa.
• Naging katulong ni Donya Trinidad noong 1799 sa Tondo, Maynila.
• Colegio de San Jose
• Gramatika, Latin at Kastila, Fiska. Geografia at Doctrina
• Colegio de San Juan de Latran
• Teolohiya, Filosofia at Humanidades
• Nagtapos ng pag-aaral noong 1812
• Padre Mariano Pilapil
• inilikha ang "Pasyong Mahal"
• Jose dela Cruz (Huseng Sisiw)
• isang makata mula sa Tondo; magaling na guro ni kiko
• Maria Asuncion Rivera Selya (Celia) MAR
• Nagkita sila sa Pandakan, Maynila (1835)
• Siya ang nagsilbing inspirasyon ng makata

Florante at Laura

• It tackles "sakim" a social issue the desire to possess the highest positions, as well as become wealthy
• Illegal doings such as pushing drugs
• Taking advantage of another pagnanakaw sa kaban ng bayan pagwasak sa kalikasan pang-aabuso sa mga bata

Symbolism of Florante and Laura

• The symbols in Florante at Laura are:
• Inilibing ng walang kabaong: taong namatay na hindi nakamit and Hustisya
• Pebo (sun): pag-asa
• Nakagapos na Florante: Pilipinong inalipusta ng mga Kastila
• Balang bibig na pinagmulan ng katotohanan: a person who says the truth is punished or is killed
• Gubat na madilim at mapanglaw: a bitter state of the Philippines at the time due to being in oppression

Himagsik ng Florante at Laura

• It shows the four aspects that francisco balagtas had written and the views of them.
• This expresses Francisco's feelings towards Florante.

Characters of Florante at Laura

• Florante, in the story is, Makisig na binata anak ni Duke Briseo at Princesa Floresca. Siya ang pangunahing tauhan ng awit. Siya ay Halal na Heneral ng hukbo ng Albanya. Magiting na bayani, mandirigma at heneral ng hukbong magtatanggol sa pagsalakay ng mga Persiyano at Turko
• Laura in the story is the protagonist's natatanging pag-ibig ni Florante. Tapat ang puso sa pag-ibig ngunit aagawin ng sakim na si Adolfo.
• The antagonist adolfo is, Anak ng magiting na si Konde Sileno ng Albanya. Kabaligtaran ng kanyang ama, si Adolfo ay isang taksil at lihim na may inggit kay Florante mula nang magkasama sila sa Atenas. Siya ang mahigpit na karibal ni Florante sa pag-aaral at popularidad sa Atenas. Ang malaking balakid sa pag-iibigan nina Florante at Laura, at aagaw sa trono ni Haring Linceo ng Albanya
• Aladin- Isang gererong Moro at prinsipe ng Perisya. Anak ni Sultan Ali-adab. Mahigpit na kaaway ng bayan at relihiyon ni Florante, ngunit magiging tagapagligtas ni Florante
• MMenandro is the Matapat na kaibigan ni Florante. Mabait at laging kasa-kasama ni Florante sa digmaan.

Tayutay in Florante at Laura

• Tayutay are literary devices to help the impact be strong and can be more colorful

Bullying

• Bullying is an intentional, often malicious, act by an individual or group to harm one or more victims at school.
• Verbal bullying includes name calling and using words to harm, harass, or intimidate others, and can leave targets feeling ashamed, embarrassed, or even afraid.
• Physical bullying: A bully uses their body or an object to hurt or threaten another.
• Emotional or mental bullying includes spreading false information, targeting emotions, confidence, and self-esteem.
• Cyberbullying involves using the internet to send hate comments. The use of online technology is used to meddle, to threaten, to humiliate, or to target other people.

Agwat Teknolohiyal

• The rapid pace of technological change
• Technological Divide: The First World has most of the technology and the Third World is far behind in innovation
• Digital Natives are those who grew up in the age of technology, While Digital Immigrants had to learn how to adapt
• Silent Generation: Born and raised with no modern technology The henerasyon was also alive during the great depression in the United States, and the period of World War II. Also known as builders and war babies
• Baby boomers: They were known to defend their rights and advocate political views
• Generation X: was the henerasyon that experienced The Martial law period of Ferdinand Marcos
• Y Generation: Born during the development of computer, cell phones and internet, They are currently the young adults
• Z Generation: The kids who were born on the era of information overload

Philippine Folk Dance and Asian Influence

• Pangalay dance - A traditional fingernail dance that is otherwise known as Daling-daling.
• Francesca eyes-Aquino has researched a lot of Pangaylay dance
• muslim lowland describes the Dance culture
• It is said to have no sequence depending on who is able to perform it.
• Tausog and sabah are the ethnoliguistic influences of this folk dane
• Countries of influence
• The fingernails show the resemblance to beaks.

Sua Ku Sua

• Sua Ku Sua is a dance which resembles the pomelo tree in the language of muslim in Sulu.
• Ramon A. Obusan has researched Sua Ku Sua
• Tausug were well known for seafarers were
• China, malaysia and indonesia were countries of influence

Sakuting Folk Dance

• Is characterized as a fighting/war dance which uses arnis movement
• Rianne hill sorryano wrote sakuting history
• China had a big influence on Sakuting

Kabuki Theatre

• Kabuki theater - stylization of its drama
• Izumo no Okuni Invented Kabuki

Wayang Kulit

• Gamelan orchestra/ensemble - comprised mainly by bronze percussion instruments augmented by other percussion instruments, strings, and a flute Ex. saron panerus, gender, gangsa, ugal, kenong, kethuk, kempyang, kempul, gong agung, gong suwukan, gambhang, kendang, slendro, pelog

Taiko Drum Festival

• Taiko drum festival - tradition and a yearly festival dati kasi majority of Japan are farmers and they would use their drums and pray to their god for harvest Various kinds of taiko: dadaiko, tsuri-daiko, ninai-daiko, kaiko, kakko, ikko, furi-tsuzumi, san-no-tsuzumi Taiko and kakko are part of gagaku

Peking Opera

• Peking Opera is the chinese national theater as an art
• It combines music, dance, acrobatics, martial arts
• The type of plays are a. Civil plays - relationships between characters, love and stories b. Acrobatic and martial arts are characteristics to the Martial plays

Wesak

• Wesak is a world known annual spiritual event which involves meditation and global prayer
• Wesak also involves good, giving and food

Addiction

• Is the strong desire to either use strongly or do something in a repetitive action

Entrepreneurship

• Entrepreneurship involves pinpoints to the individuals which are willing to generate new ideas in enterprise
• The tools are creativity is, ability to bring something creative and new insight

Market Segmentation and Targeting

Market Segmentation is the method of understanding how the markets are broken through the use of the companies

• The demographic is understanding where do the customers come from example, if it's age and ethnicity
• psychographic is the reasons why people buy your stuff, example, is it due to their lifestyles
• Geographical is why do people but your stuff when it comes to their location, such as a tourist type attraction

Types of Product

• Consumer product - wide array of manufactured goods which are purchased primarily for personal, family and/or household purposes. Includes diverse products: apparel, furniture, toys, major household appliances, pleasure boats, printing activities, and athletic goods.

Web Pages

• HTML is also known as Hyper text markup language, in which there have been many versions but are originally made in 1991

Digestive System

The Digestive System breaks down food to give energy and building materials There are four main function in the

1. Ingestion- taking food to the body
2. Absorbtion - giving food to the cell 3, Assimulation- transport and absorption of nutrients there are types of phases that are the Mechanical phase- chewing and movement Chemical phase- acid, enzyme