Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is Adolf Fick known for in the field of science?
What is Adolf Fick known for in the field of science?
- Discovering a new molecule
- Formulating laws that are widely used in various branches of science (correct)
- Creating a new laboratory technique
- Developing a new branch of physics
What is the reward for each molecule that moves from side one to side two of the box?
What is the reward for each molecule that moves from side one to side two of the box?
- $10
- $1
- $5 (correct)
- $20
What is the time period chosen for the experiment in the challenge?
What is the time period chosen for the experiment in the challenge?
- 5 hours
- 1 hour (correct)
- 30 minutes
- 2 hours
What happens to the molecules in the box?
What happens to the molecules in the box?
What is the objective of the challenge?
What is the objective of the challenge?
How many molecules are initially placed on side one of the box?
How many molecules are initially placed on side one of the box?
What happens to the molecule that makes it from side one to side two?
What happens to the molecule that makes it from side one to side two?
What can be inferred about the movement of molecules?
What can be inferred about the movement of molecules?
What is the goal of the experiment?
What is the goal of the experiment?
What is the first idea to modify the experiment?
What is the first idea to modify the experiment?
According to Graham's law, what type of molecules have a faster diffusion rate?
According to Graham's law, what type of molecules have a faster diffusion rate?
What is the effect of increasing the pressure at position one?
What is the effect of increasing the pressure at position one?
What is the fourth idea to modify the experiment?
What is the fourth idea to modify the experiment?
Why is making the wall smaller a good idea?
Why is making the wall smaller a good idea?
What is the purpose of the blue wall in the experiment?
What is the purpose of the blue wall in the experiment?
What happens to the molecules when the pressure is increased at position one?
What happens to the molecules when the pressure is increased at position one?
What is the result of using smaller molecules with lower molecular weight?
What is the result of using smaller molecules with lower molecular weight?
What is the purpose of brainstorming ideas to modify the experiment?
What is the purpose of brainstorming ideas to modify the experiment?
What is the main reason why molecules have a harder time crossing a thick wall?
What is the main reason why molecules have a harder time crossing a thick wall?
What is Fick's law, in essence, based on?
What is Fick's law, in essence, based on?
What happens when people lump things together in Fick's law?
What happens when people lump things together in Fick's law?
What is the concept of gradient in Fick's law?
What is the concept of gradient in Fick's law?
Why do particles in a volume exert some pressure?
Why do particles in a volume exert some pressure?
What is the diffusion constant in Fick's law?
What is the diffusion constant in Fick's law?
Why is Fick's law written in different ways?
Why is Fick's law written in different ways?
What is the idea of flux in Fick's law?
What is the idea of flux in Fick's law?
What happens to the partial pressure when the area is expanded?
What happens to the partial pressure when the area is expanded?
What is Fick's law related to?
What is Fick's law related to?
What is the diffusion constant (D) related to?
What is the diffusion constant (D) related to?
What is the effect of a larger surface area on the movement of particles?
What is the effect of a larger surface area on the movement of particles?
What is the purpose of dividing by the thickness of the wall in Fick's law?
What is the purpose of dividing by the thickness of the wall in Fick's law?
What is the effect of a smaller molecular weight on the diffusion constant?
What is the effect of a smaller molecular weight on the diffusion constant?
What is the rate of particles moving represented by in Fick's law?
What is the rate of particles moving represented by in Fick's law?
What is the difference between the two sides of the wall referred to as?
What is the difference between the two sides of the wall referred to as?
What is Henry's law related to?
What is Henry's law related to?
What is the effect of increasing the pressure difference between the two sides on the rate of particles moving?
What is the effect of increasing the pressure difference between the two sides on the rate of particles moving?
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Study Notes
Fick's Law and Maximizing Particle Movement
- A challenge is presented: to maximize the number of particles moving from one side of a box to the other within a certain time period, with a reward of $5 for each particle that makes it across.
- The box has a blue wall on one side, and particles are introduced on the other side. The goal is to get as many particles as possible to move from the introduction side to the blue wall side.
Ideas to Maximize Particle Movement
- Make the distance between the introduction side and the blue wall shorter to reduce the distance particles need to travel.
- Use smaller molecules, which have a faster diffusion rate according to Graham's law, to increase the number of particles that can move across.
- Increase the pressure on the introduction side by adding more particles, which will increase the likelihood of particles moving across.
- Increase the surface area of the blue wall to provide more opportunities for particles to cross over.
Fick's Law
- Fick's law describes the movement of particles over time and is commonly written as: V̇ = (P1 - P2) × A × D / T
- The variables in the equation represent:
- V̇: the rate of particles moving across (volume or amount per unit time)
- P1 - P2: the pressure difference between the introduction side and the blue wall side
- A: the surface area of the blue wall
- D: the diffusion constant, which is influenced by the molecular weight of the particles and Henry's law
- T: the thickness of the wall that particles need to cross
Alternative Forms of Fick's Law
- Fick's law can be rearranged to show the area on the left side of the equation and the pressure difference and surface area on the right side.
- Fick's law can also be written in terms of flux and gradient, where flux is the net rate of particles moving through an area, and gradient is the change in pressure over a distance.
Key Concepts
- Diffusion constant (D) is influenced by molecular weight and Henry's law.
- Thickness (T) of the wall affects the rate of particle movement.
- Surface area (A) increases the likelihood of particles crossing over.
- Pressure difference (P1 - P2) drives the movement of particles across the wall.
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