Fetal Development and Blood Flow

What vessel carries oxygenated blood from the placenta to the fetus?

What is the primary role of the ectoderm during embryonic development?

Which hormone is known to stimulate uterine contractions?

How does fetal hemoglobin differ from adult hemoglobin?

What effect does Thalidomide have if taken during pregnancy?

What does the term 'newborn' specifically refer to?

What is the function of the chorion during pregnancy?

What primary structure forms the embryo during early development?

Which germ layer is responsible for forming muscles and bones?

Which of the following statements about infants' metabolic rates is true?

Blood Flow to Fetus

Oxygen and nutrients transfer from mother to fetus through the placenta.
Oxygenated blood travels to the fetus via the umbilical vein.

Inner Cell Mass Development

The inner cell mass develops into the embryo.
The embryo differentiates into three germ layers: ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm.

Fetal vs. Adult Blood Flow

Umbilical vein carries highly oxygenated blood in the fetus.
In adults, oxygenated blood is carried by pulmonary veins.

Uterine Contraction Hormones

Suppressing: Progesterone
Stimulating: Oxytocin, prostaglandins

Germ Layers' Functions

Ectoderm: Forms nervous system, skin, and eyes.
Mesoderm: Forms muscles, bones, circulatory system.
Endoderm: Forms internal organs (lungs, gastrointestinal tract).

Thalidomide Effects

Thalidomide, taken during pregnancy, drastically affects embryonic development.
Results in severe limb deformities in newborns

Newborn vs. Infant

Newborn: First 28 days after birth.
Infant: First year of life after birth.

Fetal Hemoglobin

Fetal hemoglobin has a higher affinity for oxygen.
This allows efficient oxygen transfer from mother.

Infant Metabolism

Infants have a higher metabolic rate and oxygen consumption.
This supports rapid growth and development.

Chorion Function and Formation

Function: Facilitates gas exchange and nutrient transfer between mother and fetus.
Formation: Developed from the trophoblast layer of the blastocyst.

Explore the intricate process of fetal development and blood circulation in this quiz. Delve into how nutrients and oxygen are transferred from mother to fetus, and learn about the key roles of different germ layers. Additionally, examine the impact of substances like thalidomide on embryonic development.