28 Questions
What happens to the umbilical vein and ductus venosus after birth?
They close off within 2-5 days after birth
What is the adult remnant of the fetal ductus arteriosus?
Ligamentum arteriosum
What is the adult remnant of the extra-hepatic portion of the fetal left umbilical vein?
Ligamentum teres hepatis
What is the adult remnant of the intra-hepatic portion of the fetal left umbilical vein (ductus venosus)?
Ligamentum venosum
Which of the following is NOT part of the cardiovascular system?
The respiratory system
What is the primary function of fetal circulation?
To preferentially shunt oxygenated blood to the fetal brain
How does blood travel from the right atrium to the left atrium in the fetal heart?
Through the foramen ovale
What is the primary function of the ductus arteriosus in fetal circulation?
To shunt blood away from the lungs and back to the aorta
What happens to the fetal circulation system at birth?
The foramen ovale and ductus arteriosus close, and the lungs inflate
What is the primary source of oxygen and nutrients for the fetus during fetal circulation?
The placenta
How does the fetal circulation system differ from the adult circulation system?
It is a low-pressure system with the lungs closed
Which of the following accurately describes the pulmonary circulation?
Blood flows from the right atrium to the right ventricle, then to the pulmonary artery, lungs, and pulmonary veins before entering the left atrium.
Which of the following vessels carry oxygenated blood?
Pulmonary veins
Which of the following statements accurately describes the systemic circulation?
Oxygenated blood flows from the left ventricle to the aorta and body.
Which of the following accurately describes the path of blood flow in the pulmonary circulation?
Right atrium $\rightarrow$ Right ventricle $\rightarrow$ Pulmonary artery $\rightarrow$ Lungs $\rightarrow$ Pulmonary veins $\rightarrow$ Left atrium
Which of the following correctly lists the branches of the pulmonary arteries?
Right pulmonary artery, Left pulmonary artery, Pulmonary trunk
What causes the foramen ovale to close in the left side of the heart?
Heavily oxygenated blood passing by
Which structure becomes part of the fibrous support ligament for the liver after birth?
Umbilical vein
What facilitates the exchange of materials between the fetus and mother?
Low pressure system
What happens to the ductus venosus after birth?
Becomes a fibrous ligament
Which process involves blood being transported to the liver and portal system after birth?
Clamping of umbilical cord
What occurs soon after birth regarding the foramen ovale and ductus arteriosus?
Functional closure
Which of the following is a branch of the subclavian artery?
Vertebral artery
Which artery supplies blood to the thoracic organs and the inner surface of the anterior thoracic wall?
Internal thoracic artery
Which of the following arteries is the longest part of the aorta?
Descending aorta
Which of the following statements about the branches of the thoracic aorta is correct?
They are divided into visceral and parietal branches
Which of the following arteries supplies blood to the pelvis and lower limbs?
Common iliac arteries
Which of the following statements about the branches of the abdominal aorta is correct?
They are divided into visceral and parietal branches
Explore the critical role of fetal circulation in shunting oxygenated blood to the fetal brain. Learn about the journey of blood from the inferior vena cava to the aorta, bypassing the non-functioning lungs through the foramen ovale. Understand the key structures and processes involved in fetal circulation.
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