Fetal Circulation Overview

What happens to the umbilical vein and ductus venosus after birth?

They gradually expand over time
They close off within 2-5 days after birth (correct)
They are surgically removed after birth
They remain open and functional

What is the adult remnant of the fetal ductus arteriosus?

Ligamentum teres hepatis
Ligamentum arteriosum (correct)
Fossa ovalis
Ligamentum venosum

What is the adult remnant of the extra-hepatic portion of the fetal left umbilical vein?

Ligamentum teres hepatis (correct)
Fossa ovalis
Ligamentum arteriosum
Ligamentum venosum

What is the adult remnant of the intra-hepatic portion of the fetal left umbilical vein (ductus venosus)?

Ligamentum venosum (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT part of the cardiovascular system?

The respiratory system (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of fetal circulation?

To preferentially shunt oxygenated blood to the fetal brain (B) Signup and view all the answers

How does blood travel from the right atrium to the left atrium in the fetal heart?

Through the foramen ovale (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the ductus arteriosus in fetal circulation?

To shunt blood away from the lungs and back to the aorta (C) Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the fetal circulation system at birth?

The foramen ovale and ductus arteriosus close, and the lungs inflate (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary source of oxygen and nutrients for the fetus during fetal circulation?

The placenta (A) Signup and view all the answers

How does the fetal circulation system differ from the adult circulation system?

It is a low-pressure system with the lungs closed (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following accurately describes the pulmonary circulation?

Blood flows from the right atrium to the right ventricle, then to the pulmonary artery, lungs, and pulmonary veins before entering the left atrium. (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following vessels carry oxygenated blood?

Pulmonary veins (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements accurately describes the systemic circulation?

Oxygenated blood flows from the left ventricle to the aorta and body. (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following accurately describes the path of blood flow in the pulmonary circulation?

Right atrium $\rightarrow$ Right ventricle $\rightarrow$ Pulmonary artery $\rightarrow$ Lungs $\rightarrow$ Pulmonary veins $\rightarrow$ Left atrium (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following correctly lists the branches of the pulmonary arteries?

Right pulmonary artery, Left pulmonary artery, Pulmonary trunk (A) Signup and view all the answers

What causes the foramen ovale to close in the left side of the heart?

Heavily oxygenated blood passing by (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which structure becomes part of the fibrous support ligament for the liver after birth?

Umbilical vein (B) Signup and view all the answers

What facilitates the exchange of materials between the fetus and mother?

Low pressure system (D) Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the ductus venosus after birth?

Becomes a fibrous ligament (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which process involves blood being transported to the liver and portal system after birth?

Clamping of umbilical cord (C) Signup and view all the answers

What occurs soon after birth regarding the foramen ovale and ductus arteriosus?

Functional closure (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a branch of the subclavian artery?

Vertebral artery (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which artery supplies blood to the thoracic organs and the inner surface of the anterior thoracic wall?

Internal thoracic artery (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following arteries is the longest part of the aorta?

Descending aorta (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about the branches of the thoracic aorta is correct?

They are divided into visceral and parietal branches (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following arteries supplies blood to the pelvis and lower limbs?

Common iliac arteries (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about the branches of the abdominal aorta is correct?

They are divided into visceral and parietal branches (B) Signup and view all the answers