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Fertilization Process: From Sperm to Zygote

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Fertilization Process: From Sperm to Zygote

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following substances cross the placenta through simple diffusion?

Hormones and antibiotics

O2 and CO2 (correct)

Glucose and proteins

Amino acids and iron

During which weeks does the placenta take over the endocrine function from the corpus luteum?

Weeks 28-30

Weeks 12-17 (correct)

Weeks 9-12

Weeks 21-24

What is the primary function of relaxin during pregnancy?

Loosening the pelvis and dilating the cervix (correct)

Inhibiting contractions

Stimulating ovulation

Stimulating fetal development

What is the effect of increased estrogen levels during pregnancy?

Stimulating maternal tissue growth Signup and view all the answers

During which weeks does the fetal heart shift blood through the foramen ovale and the ductus arteriosus?

Weeks 9-12 Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of hCG during pregnancy?

Stimulating male gonads to produce testosterone Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of fertilization?

The formation of a zygote with half genetic material from each parent Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of sperm are killed due to acidity during fertilization?

Almost immediately Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of capacitation?

To prepare the sperm for fertilization Signup and view all the answers

What are the two layers that surround the oocyte?

Zona pellucida and corona radiata Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the plasma membrane after fertilization?

It depolarizes to prevent more penetration Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of the acrosomal reaction?

Enzymes are released to penetrate the corona radiata and zona pellucida Signup and view all the answers

What is the gestation time for full fetal development?

Until birth Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the yolk sac?

To provide nourishment to the embryo until the placenta is functional Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of implantation?

The blastocyst is implanted in the uterine wall Signup and view all the answers

When is the placenta complete?

By the end of week 12 Signup and view all the answers