Fertilization Process: From Sperm to Zygote
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Questions and Answers

During weeks 14-16 of fetal development, which substances can cross the placenta through simple diffusion?

  • Antibiotics and pathogens
  • Amino acids and iron
  • O2, CO2, and other gases (correct)
  • Lipid-soluble fetotoxic substances

    • When does sexual differentiation typically begin?

  • Weeks 31-34
  • Weeks 9-12 (correct)
  • Weeks 21-24
  • Weeks 14-16

    • What happens to the blood in the heart during weeks 9-12?

  • It flows through the foramen ovale and ductus arteriosus (correct)
  • It flows through the pulmonary artery
  • It flows through the superior vena cava
  • It flows through the aorta

    • During weeks 13-16, what can be observed in the fetus?

    <p>Movements becoming more powerful and sebaceous glands coating the skin with vernix caseosa</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of estrogen on the mother during pregnancy?

    <p>It helps fetal development and stimulates maternal tissue growth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone stimulates the growth of mammary glands?

    <p>Prolactin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of the fusion of sperm and oocyte nuclei during fertilization?

    <p>A cell with half genetic material from each parent</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the acrosomal reaction during fertilization?

    <p>To release enzymes to penetrate the corona radiata and zona pellucida</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the first two weeks of development after fertilization?

    <p>Pre-embryonic stage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the placenta during embryonic development?

    <p>To provide nourishment to the embryo</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the indentation that forms during week 3 of embryogenesis, allowing cells to travel along and form endoderm or mesoderm?

    <p>Primitive streak</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of the fusion of maternal and embryonic tissues during placenta development?

    <p>A functional placenta</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the fluid-filled sac that surrounds the embryo and provides protection?

    <p>Amnion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the percentage of blastocysts that fail to implant in the uterine wall?

    <p>50%-75%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the type of twins that form when a single fertilized egg splits in two?

    <p>Identical twins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When is the placenta fully developed and functional?

    <p>By the end of week 12</p> Signup and view all the answers

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