Femoral Torsion and Hip Fractures Overview

What is the average femoral torsion angle?

Retroversion of the femoral shaft causes the patella to point medially.

What is the most common acute orthopedic injury in the geriatric population?

Femoral torsion angles range from ___ to ___ degrees.

Which type of hip fracture is considered the least severe?

Women are less likely to experience hip fractures compared to men.

What type of femoral torsion angle is associated with 'toeing in'?

95% of hip fractures result from falls that occur ___.

Match the following types of hip fractures with their description:

Femoral Torsion Angles

The femoral torsion angle is the angle between the femoral condyles and the axis of the femoral neck.
A normal angle means the patella faces forward, ranging from 8-25 degrees, averaging 12 degrees.
Anteversion is an increased angle, causing the femoral shaft to rotate medially, resulting in "toeing in" and the patella pointing more medially.
Retroversion is a decreased angle, causing the femoral shaft to rotate laterally, resulting in "toeing out" and the patella pointing more laterally.

Hip Fractures

Over 300,000 hip fractures occur annually.
The cost of treatment is over $10 billion.
Over 95% of hip fractures are caused by falls, most often from a sideways fall.
Elderly women are more susceptible to hip fractures, due to a higher incidence of osteoporosis.
Hip fractures are the most common orthopedic injury in older adults.
The location and severity of the fracture affect surgical management and physical therapy intervention.

Hip Fracture Severity

Hip fractures can be classified as:
- Simple: Least severe.
- Displaced: Moderate severity.
- Comminuted: Most severe.

Hip Fracture Location

Hip fractures can occur in different locations:
- Extracapsular or Intertrochanteric: Along the trochanter.
- Intracapsular: Within the joint capsule.
  - Subcapital: Below the femoral head.
  - Femoral neck: Including a transcervical fracture.
- Subtrochanteric: In the proximal femoral shaft.

This quiz covers critical concepts related to femoral torsion angles and hip fractures. Learn about the normal range of femoral angles, the implications of anteversion and retroversion, and key statistics regarding hip fractures. Perfect for those studying orthopedics and anatomy.