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Questions and Answers
What is the function of the endometrium?
What is the function of the endometrium?
Where are female sex cells stored?
Where are female sex cells stored?
What is released during ovulation?
What is released during ovulation?
Which statement about sexually transmitted infections (STIs) is true?
Which statement about sexually transmitted infections (STIs) is true?
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What is the correct term for fluid-filled sacs that form on the ovaries?
What is the correct term for fluid-filled sacs that form on the ovaries?
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Which of the following is NOT a part of the female reproductive system?
Which of the following is NOT a part of the female reproductive system?
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Which condition is described as a rare, but potentially fatal, bacterial infection that can affect many parts of the body?
Which condition is described as a rare, but potentially fatal, bacterial infection that can affect many parts of the body?
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Which statement about breast cancer is true?
Which statement about breast cancer is true?
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Where does fertilization usually take place in the female reproductive system?
Where does fertilization usually take place in the female reproductive system?
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Which organ is responsible for releasing a mature egg each month?
Which organ is responsible for releasing a mature egg each month?
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What is the primary function of the uterus?
What is the primary function of the uterus?
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What role does the cervix play in the female reproductive system?
What role does the cervix play in the female reproductive system?
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What is the function of the vagina in the female reproductive system?
What is the function of the vagina in the female reproductive system?
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What has contributed to the dramatic decrease in the number of cervical cancer deaths in the US over the past 40 years?
What has contributed to the dramatic decrease in the number of cervical cancer deaths in the US over the past 40 years?
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What percentage of females diagnosed with cervical cancer each year are from low-income countries?
What percentage of females diagnosed with cervical cancer each year are from low-income countries?
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How many females worldwide die from cervical cancer each year?
How many females worldwide die from cervical cancer each year?
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What is the most critical need in the fight against cervical cancer in low-income countries?
What is the most critical need in the fight against cervical cancer in low-income countries?
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Why is early detection of cervical cancer important?
Why is early detection of cervical cancer important?
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What organization reports the need to address cervical cancer worldwide?
What organization reports the need to address cervical cancer worldwide?
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What is a key component in educating communities about cervical cancer?
What is a key component in educating communities about cervical cancer?
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What should be included in a poster about cervical cancer prevention?
What should be included in a poster about cervical cancer prevention?
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What happens during ovulation?
What happens during ovulation?
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What triggers menstruation?
What triggers menstruation?
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At which stage does the endometrium thicken and develop more blood vessels?
At which stage does the endometrium thicken and develop more blood vessels?
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What is the function of progesterone after ovulation?
What is the function of progesterone after ovulation?
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When does menopause typically occur?
When does menopause typically occur?
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What is menarche?
What is menarche?
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Which hormone is primarily responsible for thickening the endometrium in the first half of the menstrual cycle?
Which hormone is primarily responsible for thickening the endometrium in the first half of the menstrual cycle?
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What marks the end of the luteal phase?
What marks the end of the luteal phase?
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What is a major complication of endometriosis?
What is a major complication of endometriosis?
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During which phase are the endometrial glands starting to form?
During which phase are the endometrial glands starting to form?
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What is the primary purpose of the thickening of the endometrium?
What is the primary purpose of the thickening of the endometrium?
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Which symptom is NOT commonly associated with Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS)?
Which symptom is NOT commonly associated with Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS)?
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What treatment options are available for endometriosis?
What treatment options are available for endometriosis?
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What term describes severe PMS that interferes with daily life?
What term describes severe PMS that interferes with daily life?
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Which of the following is NOT a symptom of menstrual irregularities?
Which of the following is NOT a symptom of menstrual irregularities?
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In endometriosis, where does the endometrial tissue grow?
In endometriosis, where does the endometrial tissue grow?
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Which emotional symptom is associated with PMS?
Which emotional symptom is associated with PMS?
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Which of the following is a characteristic of menorrhagia?
Which of the following is a characteristic of menorrhagia?
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What can females do to reduce the risk of STIs?
What can females do to reduce the risk of STIs?
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What type of underwear is recommended to maintain female reproductive hygiene?
What type of underwear is recommended to maintain female reproductive hygiene?
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Which direction should females wipe the urethral and vaginal area after urinating?
Which direction should females wipe the urethral and vaginal area after urinating?
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What should females avoid using to clean the vagina?
What should females avoid using to clean the vagina?
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Why is it important for females to wash their hands after using the bathroom?
Why is it important for females to wash their hands after using the bathroom?
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Which menstrual hygiene product is reusable?
Which menstrual hygiene product is reusable?
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What material are tampons usually made of?
What material are tampons usually made of?
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Which action is NOT a necessary step for maintaining hygiene of the female reproductive system?
Which action is NOT a necessary step for maintaining hygiene of the female reproductive system?
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What is the external opening of the vagina called?
What is the external opening of the vagina called?
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Where does the uterus connect with the vagina?
Where does the uterus connect with the vagina?
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During menstruation, which part extends downward on each side of the vaginal opening?
During menstruation, which part extends downward on each side of the vaginal opening?
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Which structure contains mammary glands?
Which structure contains mammary glands?
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What is the tube-like structure about 3 inches long that extends from the labia to the cervix?
What is the tube-like structure about 3 inches long that extends from the labia to the cervix?
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What is the darkly colored area surrounding the nipple called?
What is the darkly colored area surrounding the nipple called?
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What causes the clitoris to become engorged and lead to an orgasm?
What causes the clitoris to become engorged and lead to an orgasm?
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What is the function of the labia minora?
What is the function of the labia minora?
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Which organ transports eggs from the ovaries to the uterus?
Which organ transports eggs from the ovaries to the uterus?
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Why is the vagina sometimes called the birth canal?
Why is the vagina sometimes called the birth canal?
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What change in the body causes menstruation?
What change in the body causes menstruation?
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What is the difference between ovarian cysts and ovarian cancer?
What is the difference between ovarian cysts and ovarian cancer?
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Why should females wipe from front to back after urinating?
Why should females wipe from front to back after urinating?
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What type of doctor specializes in female reproductive health?
What type of doctor specializes in female reproductive health?
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Why might some teens feel awkward or uncomfortable seeking reproductive healthcare?
Why might some teens feel awkward or uncomfortable seeking reproductive healthcare?
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What is one of the benefits of talking about reproductive healthcare?
What is one of the benefits of talking about reproductive healthcare?
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Where might you find information about reproductive healthcare services?
Where might you find information about reproductive healthcare services?
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Who can you talk to for answers about your reproductive health and making healthcare appointments?
Who can you talk to for answers about your reproductive health and making healthcare appointments?
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What rights do minors have in many states regarding reproductive health services?
What rights do minors have in many states regarding reproductive health services?
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What should you research about minors' rights to reproductive health services in your state?
What should you research about minors' rights to reproductive health services in your state?
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What symptoms might indicate that a person should seek reproductive healthcare?
What symptoms might indicate that a person should seek reproductive healthcare?
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What is a way to share answers about reproductive healthcare with others?
What is a way to share answers about reproductive healthcare with others?
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Study Notes
The Female Reproductive System
Organs of the Female Reproductive System
- The female reproductive system consists of ovaries, fallopian tubes, uterus, cervix, and vagina.
- Ovaries:
- Produce female sex cells (eggs or ova)
- Release a mature egg each month
- Produce sex hormones estrogen and progesterone
- Fallopian Tubes:
- Connect ovaries to uterus
- Allow egg to travel to uterus
- Fertilization usually occurs in fallopian tube
- Uterus:
- Hollow, muscular organ where baby develops
- Walls contract during childbirth to expel baby
- Cervix:
- Opening of uterus
- Connects uterus to vagina
- Vagina:
- Muscular, tube-like structure
- Birth canal
- Allows for sexual intercourse and menstruation
Menstrual Cycle
- Sequence of body changes coordinated by hormones estrogen and progesterone
- Occurs every month
- Stages:
- Follicular phase: Estrogen stimulates endometrial growth
- Ovulation: Release of mature egg from ovary
- Luteal phase: Progesterone stimulates endometrial growth
- Menstruation: Shedding of endometrial lining if pregnancy does not occur
Menstrual Disorders
- Menstrual irregularities:
- Lack of menstrual flow
- Irregular bleeding
- Excessive, painful, or long-lasting bleeding
- Changes in mood
- Premenstrual syndrome (PMS):
- Symptoms: breast tenderness, bloating, fatigue, backaches, headaches, constipation, diarrhea, food cravings, joint and muscle pain
- Emotional symptoms: irritability, anxiety, depression
- Endometriosis:
- Condition where endometrial tissue grows outside uterus
- Causes: pelvic pain, diarrhea, constipation, menorrhagia, metrorrhagia
- Complications: infertility
Diseases and Disorders
- Cervical cancer:
- Screening: Pap test
- Prevention: HPV vaccine
- Global health: access to technologies influences rates of cervical cancer
- Breast cancer:
- Second leading cause of cancer deaths in females
- Toxic shock syndrome (TSS):
- Rare, potentially fatal bacterial infection
- Affects many parts of the body
Caring for the Female Reproductive System
- Maintain hygiene:
- Shower or bathe regularly
- Wear cotton or breathable underwear
- Change underwear daily
- Wipe from front to back after urinating
- Menstrual hygiene products:
- Pads
- Tampons
- Menstrual cups
- Seeking reproductive healthcare:
- Knowing how to seek reproductive healthcare is a valuable skill
- Researching answers to questions about reproductive health
- Talking to a trusted adult or healthcare provider
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Description
Learn about the female reproductive system, its organs, the menstrual cycle, and how to care for it. Identify diseases and disorders related to the system.
